生物多样性 ›› 2017, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (1): 71-79.  DOI: 10.17520/biods.2016098

所属专题: 青藏高原生物多样性与生态安全

• 研究报告: 自然保护地 • 上一篇    下一篇

三江源国家公园功能分区与目标管理

付梦娣1, 田俊量2, 朱彦鹏1, 田瑜1, 赵志平1, 李俊生1,*()   

  1. 1 中国环境科学研究院生物多样性研究中心, 北京 100012
    2 三江源国家公园管理局, 西宁 810007;
  • 收稿日期:2016-04-06 接受日期:2016-09-29 出版日期:2017-01-20 发布日期:2017-02-08
  • 通讯作者: 李俊生
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(31300458)和环境保护部业务经费“国家公园”项目

Identification of functional zones and methods of target management in Sanjiangyuan National Park

Mengdi Fu1, Junliang Tian1, Yanpeng Zhu1, Yu Tian1, Zhiping Zhao1, Junsheng Li1,*()   

  1. 1 Biodiversity Research Center, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012
    2 Three-River-Source National Park Service, Xining 810007
  • Received:2016-04-06 Accepted:2016-09-29 Online:2017-01-20 Published:2017-02-08
  • Contact: Li Junsheng

摘要:

功能分区是国家公园总体规划和科学管理的重要环节。本研究以三江源国家公园黄河源园区为研究对象, 在综合分析区域生态环境基本特征的基础上, 选择生态系统服务、重要物种潜在生境、生态敏感性、生态压力4大类13项评价指标, 构建了国家公园功能分区评价指标体系, 运用层次分析法(AHP)和专家打分法, 结合管控目标需求, 将黄河源园区划分为核心保育区、生态保育修复区、传统利用区、居住和游憩服务区4个功能区, 保护程度依次降低, 利用程度及公众可进入性依次增强。该功能分区不仅可为三江源国家公园合理规划打下理论基础, 同时也对同类型的国家公园具有可借鉴性。

关键词: 国家公园, 三江源, 功能分区, 指标体系, 管控措施

Abstract

Functional zones are the key link for the master planning and scientific management of national parks. We established an evaluation index system to comprehensively analyze regional ecological and environmental features in our study area, the source region of the Yellow River in the Sanjiangyuan National Park. The evaluation index system contains 13 evaluation indices, which include ecosystem services, potential habitat for key species, ecological sensitivity, and ecological pressure classes. By using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and experts marking methods and combining the requirements of management and control measures, the study area was divided into four primary functional zones, including a core reserve area, ecological restoration area, traditional utilization area, and residential and recreational service area. The protection gradation for each zone is reduced in turn, and the gradation of utilization and public accessibility is enhanced. This functional zones method laid a solid foundation for the effective planning of Sanjiangyuan National Park, while at the same time, our study provides new insight into the functional zones of national parks.

Key words: national park, Sanjiangyuan, functional zone, index system, control measures