海南受威胁苔藓植物适生热点区域识别与保护

doi:10.17520/biods.2022580

生物多样性 ›› 2023, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (4): 22580. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2022580

• 研究报告: 植物多样性 • 上一篇下一篇

海南受威胁苔藓植物适生热点区域识别与保护

邓昶¹^,², 郝杰威¹, 高德³, 任明迅¹^,², 张莉娜¹^,²^,^*()

1.海南大学生态与环境学院, 海南省农林环境过程与生态调控重点实验室, 海口 570228
2.海南大学生态与环境学院, 海南省热带生态环境修复工程研究中心, 海口 570228
3.河北师范大学地理科学学院, 石家庄 050024

收稿日期:2022-10-16 接受日期:2023-02-16 出版日期:2023-04-20 发布日期:2023-04-20
通讯作者: *E-mail: zhanglina@hainanu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(31760054);国家自然科学基金(32160315);海南省林业局海南热带雨林国家公园综合科考(植物部分)专项(HD-KYH-2020008);海南大学科研启动经费项目(KYQD(ZR)-22105)

Identification and protection of suitable habitat hotspots for threatened bryophytes in Hainan

Chang Deng¹^,², Jiewei Hao¹, De Gao³, Mingxun Ren¹^,², Lina Zhang¹^,²^,^*()

1. Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, School of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou 570228
2. Center for Eco-Environment Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province, School of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou 570228
3. College of Geographical Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024

Received:2022-10-16 Accepted:2023-02-16 Online:2023-04-20 Published:2023-04-20
Contact: *E-mail: zhanglina@hainanu.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

海南拥有丰富的热带苔藓植物, 已知受威胁苔藓植物多达29种, 但长期以来这些苔藓植物没有得到足够的关注和重视, 保护工作尚待推进。本研究利用最大熵(MaxEnt)模型模拟了其中27种海南受威胁苔藓植物的适生区, 并识别和划分了适生热点区域, 旨在提出海南受威胁苔藓植物保护优先区域和筛选重要区域, 为开展苔藓植物保护提供科学依据。结果表明: 不同苔藓植物的适生区面积和分布格局差异较大; 根据适生受威胁苔藓植物物种丰富度(species richness, SR)占丰富度峰值的比例区间(40% < SR ≤ 60%、60% < SR ≤ 80%及SR > 80%), 将适生热点区域划分为相对应的3级: (1)一般热点区域, 受威胁苔藓植物物种丰富度为11-15, 面积最大, 约2,527.2 km²; (2)显著热点区域, 丰富度为16-20, 面积约2,503.2 km²; (3)极热点区域, 丰富度为21-25, 面积最小, 约259.8 km²。各级热点区域主要分布在海南热带雨林国家公园范围内, 其中极热点区域集中在海拔约1,100 m (-1,300 m)以上的热带云雾林, 均属于该国家公园的核心区。各环境变量中, 昼夜温差月均值对11种苔藓植物的贡献率最大(46.2%-91.3%), 年温度变化范围对8种苔藓植物的贡献率最大(31.9%-82.2%), 二者对海南受威胁苔藓植物的分布影响较大。针对海南受威胁苔藓植物的保护提出相关建议: (1)通过本底调查掌握受威胁苔藓植物的分布信息和动态变化; (2)对部分物种的受威胁等级进行调整, 将受威胁苔藓植物列入海南野生植物保护名录; (3)将云雾林区域划为海南热带雨林国家公园的重要区域加以重点保护; (4)加强对适生热点区域森林维管植物的监护; (5)将国家公园范围外的热点区域设为生态恢复区, 加强对各热点区域次生林、人工林生态及苔藓植物群落恢复的科学研究。

关键词: 受威胁苔藓植物, 适生区, 最大熵模型, 环境变量, 热带云雾林, 国家公园

Abstract

Aims: Hainan is rich in tropical bryophytes, of which as many as 29 species are known to be threatened. But due to the lack of attention and priority for the past time, conservation efforts need to be advanced. The study was to propose the conservation priority areas and highlight key areas for threatened bryophytes in Hainan, providing a scientific basis for bryophyte protection.

Method: In the present study, the maximum entropy (MaxEnt) model was used to simulate the suitable habitats of 27 threatened bryophytes in Hainan, and suitable habitats were identified and classified.

Results: The suitable areas and distribution patterns of selected bryophytes varied greatly. According to the proportion of suitable threatened bryophyte species richness (SR) to peak richness (40% < SR ≤ 60%, 60% < SR ≤ 80% and SR > 80%), the suitable habitat hotspots were divided into three levels: (1) The “relative” hotspot area, the richness of threatened bryophytes ranged from 11 to 15, was the largest, approximately 2,527.2 km². (2) The “significant” hotspot area, whose richness ranged from 16 to 20, was ca. 2,503.2 km². (3) The “extreme” hotspot area was the smallest, about 259.8 km², with species richness ranging from 21 to 25. Hotspots at all levels were mainly distributed in National Park of Hainan Tropical Rainforest, especially the “extreme” hotspots, which were typically distributed in the tropical cloud forests with an altitude of about 1,100 m (-1,300 m) above sea level, belonging to the core areas of National Park of Hainan Tropical Rainforest. Among the environmental variables tested, the mean diurnal range (Bio2) contributed the most to 11 bryophytes (46.2%-91.3%), and the temperature annual range (Bio7) contributed the most to 8 bryophytes (31.9%-82.2%), which significantly affected the distribution of threatened bryophytes in Hainan.

Suggestions: Suggestions for the protection of threatened bryophytes in Hainan are as follows: (1) Background surveys of bryophytes in Hainan are required to obtain distribution information and dynamic changes of threatened bryophytes. (2) Adjust the threat levels of some bryophyte species and place threatened bryophytes in the wild plant protection list of Hainan Province. (3) Protect the cloud forest regions and classify them as key areas in National Park of Hainan Tropical Rainforest. (4) Strengthen the monitoring of vascular plants in suitable hotspots. (5) Classify the hotspots outside the national park as ecological restoration areas, as well as strengthen the scientific research on secondary forest and plantation ecology and bryophyte community restoration of all hotspots.

Key words: threatened bryophytes, suitable habitat, maximum entropy (MaxEnt) model, environmental variables, tropical cloud forest, national park

邓昶, 郝杰威, 高德, 任明迅, 张莉娜 (2023) 海南受威胁苔藓植物适生热点区域识别与保护. 生物多样性, 31, 22580. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2022580.

Chang Deng, Jiewei Hao, De Gao, Mingxun Ren, Lina Zhang (2023) Identification and protection of suitable habitat hotspots for threatened bryophytes in Hainan. Biodiversity Science, 31, 22580. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2022580.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2022580

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2023/V31/I4/22580

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受威胁等级 Threat level	数量 Number	物种 Species	生境 Habitat	海南省内适生指数范围 Suitability index range in Hainan Province	最小存在临界值 Lowest presence threshold	适生区指数范围 Suitable area index range	AUC值 AUC value
极危 Critically Endangered	3	斜角角鳞苔 Drepanolejeunea obliqua	树干、腐木 Trunk, rotten wood	0.1026-0.9565	0.4524	0.4524-0.9565	0.9780
		海南蓑藓 Macromitrium hainanense	倒木 Fallen log	-	-	-	-
		齿边扁萼苔 Radula anceps	树干、腐木、岩石 Trunk, rotten wood, rock	0.1652-0.6665	0.4717	0.4717-0.6665	0.9140
濒危 Endangered	9	南亚圆网藓 Cyclodictyon blumeanum	腐木、湿石 Rotten wood, wet stone	0.0003-0.7988	0.1641	0.1641-0.7988	0.9430
		大角鳞苔 Drepanolejeunea grandis	树干、倒木 Trunk, fallen log	0.3659-0.9164	0.7709	0.7709-0.9164	0.9380
		莫氏偏蒴藓 Ectropothecium moritzii	腐木 Rotten wood	0.0072-0.3969	0.1096	0.1096-0.3969	0.9130
		爪哇扁锦藓 Glossadelphus similans	树干、树枝、岩石 Trunk, branch, rock	0.2851-0.9885	0.8539	0.8539-0.9885	0.9430
		大胞密鳞苔 Pycnolejeunea grandiocellata	树干 Trunk	0.0013-0.9926	0.3570	0.3570-0.9926	0.9550
		大扁萼苔 Radula sumatrana	树干、岩石 Trunk, rock	0.3742-0.9188	0.6959	0.6959-0.9188	0.9320
		刺网藓 Syrrhopodon armatispinosus	树干、腐木、土壤 Trunk, rotten wood, soil	0.3782-1.0000	0.6886	0.6886-1.0000	0.9870
		巴西网藓 Syrrhopodon prolifer	树干、树基、腐木 Trunk, tree base, rotten wood	0.5412-0.9990	0.7479	0.7479-0.9990	0.8990
		东亚毛鳞苔 Thysananthus aculeatus	树皮、树枝、湿石 Bark, branch, wet stone	0.0232-0.9748	0.2159	0.2159-0.9748	0.9920
易危 Vulnerable	17	顶胞藓粗枝变种 Acroporium stramineum var. turgidum	树皮 Bark	0.4362-0.8578	0.6608	0.6608-0.8578	0.8470
易危 Vulnerable		吊罗鞭苔 Bazzania tiaoloensis	树干、腐木、岩石 Trunk, rotten wood, rock	-	-	-	-
		越南鞭苔 Bazzania vietnamica	树基 Tree base	0.3419-1.0000	0.5946	0.5946-1.0000	0.9530
		带叶耳平藓 Calyptothecium phyllogonioides	树干 Trunk	0.1472-0.5241	0.4868	0.4868-0.5241	0.9220
		尾枝耳平藓 Calyptothecium ramosii	树干 Trunk	0.5498-0.8135	0.7221	0.7221-0.8135	0.9380
		假肋唇鳞苔 Cheilolejeunea falsinervis	树干、树基 Trunk, tree base	0.3472-0.9612	0.7415	0.7415-0.9612	0.9100
		海南花锦藓 Chionostomum hainanense	竹子 Bamboo	0.6046-0.9956	0.9791	0.9791-0.9956	0.8540
		海南疣鳞苔 Cololejeunea hainanensis	叶片、树干 Leaf, trunk	0.2855-0.9993	0.6199	0.6199-0.9993	0.8580
		白绿细鳞苔 Lejeunea pallidevirens	叶片、树干、石头、土壤、腐木 Leaf, trunk, stone, soil, rotten wood	0.1007-1.0000	0.7678	0.7678-1.0000	0.9490
		婆罗洲扁萼苔 Radula borneensis	树干、树枝 Trunk, branch	0.4270-0.9384	0.6275	0.6275-0.9384	0.8890
		曲瓣扁萼苔 Radula kurzii	树干、树枝、湿石 Trunk, branch, wet stone	0.1590-0.9751	0.5964	0.5964-0.9751	0.9940
		卷叶网藓 Syrrhopodon involutus	树干 Trunk	0.0128-0.8764	0.4580	0.4580-0.8764	0.8960
		舌叶网藓 Syrrhopodon loreus	树干 Trunk	0.0453-0.5046	0.1213	0.1213-0.5046	0.9330
		直叶网藓 Syrrhopodon muelleri	树干、树基、树根 Trunk, tree base, root	0.0017-0.4039	0.3037	0.3037-0.4039	0.9400
		阔叶网藓 Syrrhopodon semiliber	树干、树枝、石头、腐木 Trunk, branch, stone, rotten wood	0.4755-0.8286	0.6888	0.6888-0.8286	0.9160
		海南明叶藓 Vesicularia hainanensis	土壤、岩面薄土 Soil, thin soil on rock	0.4839-0.9814	0.8820	0.8820-0.9814	0.9170
		东亚虫叶苔 Zoopsis liukiuensis	腐木、树基 Rotten wood, tree base	0.0033-0.9979	0.5574	0.5574-0.9979	0.9850

受威胁等级 Threat level	数量 Number	物种 Species	生境 Habitat	海南省内适生指数范围 Suitability index range in Hainan Province	最小存在临界值 Lowest presence threshold	适生区指数范围 Suitable area index range	AUC值 AUC value
极危 Critically Endangered	3	斜角角鳞苔 Drepanolejeunea obliqua	树干、腐木 Trunk, rotten wood	0.1026-0.9565	0.4524	0.4524-0.9565	0.9780
		海南蓑藓 Macromitrium hainanense	倒木 Fallen log	-	-	-	-
		齿边扁萼苔 Radula anceps	树干、腐木、岩石 Trunk, rotten wood, rock	0.1652-0.6665	0.4717	0.4717-0.6665	0.9140
濒危 Endangered	9	南亚圆网藓 Cyclodictyon blumeanum	腐木、湿石 Rotten wood, wet stone	0.0003-0.7988	0.1641	0.1641-0.7988	0.9430
		大角鳞苔 Drepanolejeunea grandis	树干、倒木 Trunk, fallen log	0.3659-0.9164	0.7709	0.7709-0.9164	0.9380
		莫氏偏蒴藓 Ectropothecium moritzii	腐木 Rotten wood	0.0072-0.3969	0.1096	0.1096-0.3969	0.9130
		爪哇扁锦藓 Glossadelphus similans	树干、树枝、岩石 Trunk, branch, rock	0.2851-0.9885	0.8539	0.8539-0.9885	0.9430
		大胞密鳞苔 Pycnolejeunea grandiocellata	树干 Trunk	0.0013-0.9926	0.3570	0.3570-0.9926	0.9550
		大扁萼苔 Radula sumatrana	树干、岩石 Trunk, rock	0.3742-0.9188	0.6959	0.6959-0.9188	0.9320
		刺网藓 Syrrhopodon armatispinosus	树干、腐木、土壤 Trunk, rotten wood, soil	0.3782-1.0000	0.6886	0.6886-1.0000	0.9870
		巴西网藓 Syrrhopodon prolifer	树干、树基、腐木 Trunk, tree base, rotten wood	0.5412-0.9990	0.7479	0.7479-0.9990	0.8990
		东亚毛鳞苔 Thysananthus aculeatus	树皮、树枝、湿石 Bark, branch, wet stone	0.0232-0.9748	0.2159	0.2159-0.9748	0.9920
易危 Vulnerable	17	顶胞藓粗枝变种 Acroporium stramineum var. turgidum	树皮 Bark	0.4362-0.8578	0.6608	0.6608-0.8578	0.8470
易危 Vulnerable		吊罗鞭苔 Bazzania tiaoloensis	树干、腐木、岩石 Trunk, rotten wood, rock	-	-	-	-
		越南鞭苔 Bazzania vietnamica	树基 Tree base	0.3419-1.0000	0.5946	0.5946-1.0000	0.9530
		带叶耳平藓 Calyptothecium phyllogonioides	树干 Trunk	0.1472-0.5241	0.4868	0.4868-0.5241	0.9220
		尾枝耳平藓 Calyptothecium ramosii	树干 Trunk	0.5498-0.8135	0.7221	0.7221-0.8135	0.9380
		假肋唇鳞苔 Cheilolejeunea falsinervis	树干、树基 Trunk, tree base	0.3472-0.9612	0.7415	0.7415-0.9612	0.9100
		海南花锦藓 Chionostomum hainanense	竹子 Bamboo	0.6046-0.9956	0.9791	0.9791-0.9956	0.8540
		海南疣鳞苔 Cololejeunea hainanensis	叶片、树干 Leaf, trunk	0.2855-0.9993	0.6199	0.6199-0.9993	0.8580
		白绿细鳞苔 Lejeunea pallidevirens	叶片、树干、石头、土壤、腐木 Leaf, trunk, stone, soil, rotten wood	0.1007-1.0000	0.7678	0.7678-1.0000	0.9490
		婆罗洲扁萼苔 Radula borneensis	树干、树枝 Trunk, branch	0.4270-0.9384	0.6275	0.6275-0.9384	0.8890
		曲瓣扁萼苔 Radula kurzii	树干、树枝、湿石 Trunk, branch, wet stone	0.1590-0.9751	0.5964	0.5964-0.9751	0.9940
		卷叶网藓 Syrrhopodon involutus	树干 Trunk	0.0128-0.8764	0.4580	0.4580-0.8764	0.8960
		舌叶网藓 Syrrhopodon loreus	树干 Trunk	0.0453-0.5046	0.1213	0.1213-0.5046	0.9330
		直叶网藓 Syrrhopodon muelleri	树干、树基、树根 Trunk, tree base, root	0.0017-0.4039	0.3037	0.3037-0.4039	0.9400
		阔叶网藓 Syrrhopodon semiliber	树干、树枝、石头、腐木 Trunk, branch, stone, rotten wood	0.4755-0.8286	0.6888	0.6888-0.8286	0.9160
		海南明叶藓 Vesicularia hainanensis	土壤、岩面薄土 Soil, thin soil on rock	0.4839-0.9814	0.8820	0.8820-0.9814	0.9170
		东亚虫叶苔 Zoopsis liukiuensis	腐木、树基 Rotten wood, tree base	0.0033-0.9979	0.5574	0.5574-0.9979	0.9850

海南受威胁苔藓植物适生热点区域识别与保护

Identification and protection of suitable habitat hotspots for threatened bryophytes in Hainan

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