地理距离及环境差异对云南元江干热河谷植物群落beta多样性的影响

doi:10.17520/biods.2015245

生物多样性 ›› 2016, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (4): 399-406. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2015245

所属专题：中国西南干旱河谷的植物多样性

地理距离及环境差异对云南元江干热河谷植物群落beta多样性的影响

李新辉^1,², 刘延虹^1,², 刘晔³, 许玥⁴, 杨阳⁴, 沈泽昊^4,^*()

1 西南林业大学环境科学与工程学院, 昆明 650224。
2 云南玉溪森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站, 云南玉溪 653400)。
3 北京大学深圳研究生院城市规划与设计学院, 广东深圳 518055。
4 北京大学城市与环境学院生态学系, 地表过程分析与模拟教育部重点实验室, 北京 100871

收稿日期:2015-09-14 接受日期:2016-03-12 出版日期:2016-04-20 发布日期:2016-05-11
通讯作者: 沈泽昊
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(41371190)、交通运输部西部计划项目(2008 318 799 17)和云南省高校优势特色重点学科(生态学)建设项目

Impacts of geographical distances and environmental differences on the beta diversity of plant communities in the dry-hot valley of the Yuanjiang River

Xinhui Li^1,², Yanhong Liu^1,², Ye Liu³, Yue Xu⁴, Yang Yang⁴, Zehao Shen^4,^*()

1 College of Environmental Science and Technology, Southwest China Forestry University, Kunming 650224.
2 National Station for Forest Ecosystem in Yuxi, Yuxi, Yunnan 653400.
3 School of Urban Planning and Design, Shenzhen Graduate School, Peking University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055.
4 Department of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871

Received:2015-09-14 Accepted:2016-03-12 Online:2016-04-20 Published:2016-05-11
Contact: Shen Zehao

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

beta多样性反映了群落间物种组成的差异, 是生物多样性研究的热点之一。本研究通过对云南元江干热河谷41个植物群落样方进行调查, 用Jaccard相异系数表征物种beta多样性, 用样方之间的最近谱系距离(mean nearest taxon distance, MNTD)及平均谱系距离(mean pairwise distance, MPD)表征谱系beta多样性, 采用基于距离矩阵的多元回归和方差分解方法, 探讨了该区域干热河谷典型植物群落的物种beta多样性和谱系beta多样性与样方间环境差异(主要是气候)及地理距离之间的关系。结果表明: (1)群落间的地理距离和年平均温度差异对干热河谷植物群落的物种beta多样性和谱系beta多样性有显著影响; (2)地理距离对物种beta多样性和MNTD的影响最大; 地理距离和年平均温度差异对MPD的影响均较大; (3)样方间年平均温度与年平均降水量的差异和地理距离能够解释群落间beta多样性及谱系beta多样性11-13%的变异。以上结果表明, 生态位分化和扩散限制对该地区植物群落的beta多样性均有显著影响, 其中扩散限制的影响可能更大。此外, 人类活动等其他因素也很可能对元江干热河谷的群落组成具有非常重要的影响。

关键词: 群落构建, 谱系beta多样性, 生态位, 扩散限制, 人类干扰

Abstract

Beta diversity is the difference in species composition between locations. Recently, much of the published biodiversity research has focused on the assessment of beta diversity because it can be used to investigate community assembly and maintenance of species diversity. In this study, we investigated the impacts of dispersal limitation and habitat on the beta diversity of communities by sampling 41 plots throughout the dry-hot valley of Yuanjiang River. Taxonomic beta diversity and phylogenetic beta diversity were quantified using Jaccard dissimilarity, mean nearest taxon distance (MNTD), and mean pairwise distance (MPD). These indices were then related to the differences in environmental characteristics between sample plots and the geographical distances separating sample plots using multiple regression on distance matrices (MRM) and variance partitioning. The results showed that taxonomic and phylogenetic beta diversity indices significantly increased with the spatial distance and difference in mean annual temperature between communities; that taxonomic beta diversity and MNTD were most strongly influenced by spatial distance, whereas MPD was equally influenced by spatial distance and mean annual temperature difference between communities; and that only 11-13% of the variance in beta diversity was explained by the spatial distance and mean annual temperature difference between communities. These results highlight the effects of niche and dispersal limitations on beta diversity, and suggest that dispersal limitation may play a greater role than habitat differences between plant community locations. Additionally, human disturbances may greatly impact species composition along the dry-hot valley of the Yuanjiang River.

Key words: community assembly, phylogenetic beta diversity, niche, dispersal limitation, human disturbances

李新辉, 刘延虹, 刘晔, 许玥, 杨阳, 沈泽昊 (2016) 地理距离及环境差异对云南元江干热河谷植物群落beta多样性的影响. 生物多样性, 24, 399-406. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2015245.

Xinhui Li,Yanhong Liu,Ye Liu,Yue Xu,Yang Yang,Zehao Shen (2016) Impacts of geographical distances and environmental differences on the beta diversity of plant communities in the dry-hot valley of the Yuanjiang River. Biodiversity Science, 24, 399-406. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2015245.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2015245

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2016/V24/I4/399

图/表 4

图1 云南元江干热河谷41个样方的地理分布

Fig. 1 Distribution of 41 sample sites along the dry-hot valley of the Yuanjiang River in Yunnan Province

图2 元江干热河谷样方内有支长的植物系统进化树。基于Zanne等(2014)系统树作图。

Fig. 2 Phylogenetic tree with branch lengths for the sample plants in the dry-hot valley of the Yuanjiang River. Based on the phylogenetic tree of Zanne et al (2014).

图3 beta多样性与年平均温度差异、年平均降水量差异及样方之间地理距离的关系

Fig. 3 Relationships between beta diversity and the differences in mean annual temperature, mean annual precipitation and geographical distance in sample sites

图4 年平均温度差异、年平均降水量差异和样方之间地理距离对beta多样性的解释比例(< 0的值未显示)。A: 物种beta多样性; B: 平均谱系距离; C: 最近谱系距离。

Fig. 4 Percentage of variance of beta diversity across 41 plots explained by the differences in mean annual temperature, mean annual precipitation, and geographical distance in sample sites (Values < 0 not shown). A, Jaccard dissimilarity; B, Mean pairwise distance; C, Mean nearest taxon distance.

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地理距离及环境差异对云南元江干热河谷植物群落beta多样性的影响

Impacts of geographical distances and environmental differences on the beta diversity of plant communities in the dry-hot valley of the Yuanjiang River

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