华木莲居群遗传结构与保护单元

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1003.2014.14017

生物多样性 ›› 2014, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (4): 476-484. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2014.14017

所属专题：物种形成与系统进化

华木莲居群遗传结构与保护单元

熊敏^1,², 田双¹, 张志荣³, 范邓妹¹, 张志勇^1,^4,,A;^*()

1 .江西农业大学亚热带生物多样性实验室, 南昌 330045
2 .南昌师范学院理学院, 南昌 330000
3 .中国科学院昆明植物研究所, 中国西南野生生物种质资源库, 昆明 650201
4 .中国科学院植物研究所系统与进化植物学国家重点实验室, 北京 100093

收稿日期:2014-01-21 接受日期:2014-05-20 出版日期:2014-07-20 发布日期:2014-07-24
通讯作者: 张志勇
基金资助:
江西省自然科学基金(2009GZN0016)、中科院植物所系统与进化植物学国家重点实验室开放课题、江西省教育厅落地计划项目(KJLD12062)、国家科技支撑计划(2012BAC11B02)

Population genetic structure and conservation units of Sinomanglietia glauca (Magnoliaceae)

Min Xiong^1,², Shuang Tian¹, Zhirong Zhang³, Dengmei Fan¹, Zhiyong Zhang^1,^4,^*()

1. Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045
2. College of Sciences, Nanchang Normal University, Nanchang 330000
3. China Germplasm Bank of Wild Species / Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biogeography, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201
4. State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093

Received:2014-01-21 Accepted:2014-05-20 Online:2014-07-20 Published:2014-07-24
Contact: Zhang Zhiyong

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

华木莲(Sinomanglietia glauca)仅分布于江西宜春和湖南永顺, 是我国一级重点保护植物。前人采用RAPD、ISSR以及叶绿体SSCP(single-stranded conformation polymorphism)标记对华木莲进行了居群遗传学研究, 但未包括后发现的湖南居群或未检出居群内遗传变异。为了全面检测华木莲遗传多样性及其空间分布格局, 并据此确定保护单元, 本研究采用细胞核微卫星标记对华木莲所有4个居群共77个个体进行了居群遗传学分析。结果表明, 华木莲具有较低的遗传多样性(平均等位基因数A = 2.604, 平均期望杂合度H_E= 0.423)和较高的遗传分化(F_ST= 0.425)。STRUCTURE和主成分分析(Principal Coordinated Analysis, PCA)将4个居群首先分为江西、湖南两组, 江西的2个居群实际上是同一个自然繁育居群, 而湖南的2个居群则为2个分化明显的自然繁育居群。研究还发现湖南居群存在明显的杂合子过剩现象, 可能是小居群内随机因素造成的。研究结果表明华木莲可能在近期历史上遭受过强烈的瓶颈效应, 导致种群缩小、遗传多样性丧失和居群分化加剧, 需要加强对其进化潜力的保护。在制定保护措施时, 需要考虑其较高的遗传分化水平, 根据遗传结构可以将其划分为3个保护单元, 即湖南居群和江西居群分别为2个进化显著单元, 湖南居群进一步划分为2个管理单元(分别为朗溪乡云盘村和小溪乡鲁家村居群)。

关键词: Sinomanglietia glauca, 微卫星, 遗传多样性, 遗传结构, 保护单元

Abstract

Sinomanglietia glauca, a species endemic to Yichun in Jiangxi Province and Yongshun of Hunan Province in Central China, was listed as Category I of the National Key Protected Wild Plants in 1999 (as a synonym of Manglietia decidua). Several studies on the population genetics of this endangered species have been reported. However, these studies either excluded Hunan populations or failed to detect any variation within populations. In this study, all four known populations of S. glauca found were used to investigate genetic diversity and genetic structure using nuclear microsatellite markers. Our results showed that S. glauca had relatively low genetic diversity (A = 2.604, H_E= 0.423) and significant population differentiation (F_ST= 0.425). Assignments analysis by STRUCTURE and Principal Coordinated Analysis indicated that Jiangxi and Hunan populations formed two independent groups. Only one natural breeding population was identified in Jiangxi whereas two were revealed in Hunan. We found a striking heterozygosity excess in the Hunan populations, a phenomenon that might be caused by allelic frequencies differing between male and female parents by chance alone within small population. The results of this study suggest that S. glauca could have experienced recent historic bottleneck(s) which resulted in reduction of population size, loss of genetic diversity and strong population differentiation. The distribution pattern of genetic diversity clearly indicates that S. glauca should be treated as three conservation units, i.e., two evolutionarily units (Jiangxi unit and Hunan unit), and Hunan ESU subdivided into two management units (YPC and LJC).

Key words: Sinomanglietia glauca, microsatellite, genetic diversity, genetic structure, conservation unit

熊敏, 田双, 张志荣, 范邓妹, 张志勇 (2014) 华木莲居群遗传结构与保护单元. 生物多样性, 22, 476-484. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2014.14017.

Min Xiong, Shuang Tian, Zhirong Zhang, Dengmei Fan, Zhiyong Zhang (2014) Population genetic structure and conservation units of Sinomanglietia glauca (Magnoliaceae). Biodiversity Science, 22, 476-484. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2014.14017.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1003.2014.14017

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2014/V22/I4/476

图/表 6

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居群 Population	采集地点 Location	样品数 Sample size	纬度 Latitude	经度 Longitude	海拔 Alt. (m)
云盘村 YPC	湖南省永顺县朗溪乡云盘村 Yunpan Village, Langxi Town, Yongshun County, Hunan Province	21	28°57.121′ N	110°17.398′ E	674
鲁家村 LJC	湖南省永顺县小溪乡鲁家村 Lujia Village, Xiaoxi Town, Yongshun County, Hunan Province	19	28°52.051′ N	110°15.473′ E	660
洪江村 HJC	江西省宜春市洪江乡洪江村 Hongjiang Village, Hongjiang Town, Yichun, Jiangxi Province	23	27°35.654′ N	114°21.059′ E	718
玉金山 YJS	江西省宜春市洪江乡玉金山 Mt.Yujin, Hongjiang Town, Yichun, Jiangxi Province	14	27°34.367′ N	114°19.276′ E	720

居群 Population	采集地点 Location	样品数 Sample size	纬度 Latitude	经度 Longitude	海拔 Alt. (m)
云盘村 YPC	湖南省永顺县朗溪乡云盘村 Yunpan Village, Langxi Town, Yongshun County, Hunan Province	21	28°57.121′ N	110°17.398′ E	674
鲁家村 LJC	湖南省永顺县小溪乡鲁家村 Lujia Village, Xiaoxi Town, Yongshun County, Hunan Province	19	28°52.051′ N	110°15.473′ E	660
洪江村 HJC	江西省宜春市洪江乡洪江村 Hongjiang Village, Hongjiang Town, Yichun, Jiangxi Province	23	27°35.654′ N	114°21.059′ E	718
玉金山 YJS	江西省宜春市洪江乡玉金山 Mt.Yujin, Hongjiang Town, Yichun, Jiangxi Province	14	27°34.367′ N	114°19.276′ E	720

位点 Locus	重复单元 Repeat motif	引物 Primer Sequence (5’-3’)	退火温度 Ta (℃)	片段长度 Size range (bp)
STM0222^*	(GA)₂₆	F: ATGGATGGACAGCGTAAA	60.0	170
		R: GGCCCATCTTGTTGTATGTA
STM0246^*	(GA)₃₃	F: AAGCAAAGCCTCCTAGGTC	58.0	186
		R: TCTACGCCTAACAGGTCTGTC
M6D3^**	(CT)₂₂	F: ACATGGATAGTCGTTGGATA	50.0	131
		R: ACCCCACTGAAGACAAACAT
M6D10^**	(GA)₁₄	F: AAATTGTCGTCCAACCAGTT	51.8	161
		R: AAAGCAGCAAACAGGAAGAG
M10D8^**	(GAA)₆(GA)₂₆	F: AGCCCTCTATACACGCACACAT	52.6	297
		R: CGGAGCTACAAGGAGCAGAATA
M15D5^**	(GA)₁₆	F: GATCGTTGCTGGCTCGC	52.7	100
		R: GCCGCCTGGATTATGAA

位点 Locus	重复单元 Repeat motif	引物 Primer Sequence (5’-3’)	退火温度 Ta (℃)	片段长度 Size range (bp)
STM0222^*	(GA)₂₆	F: ATGGATGGACAGCGTAAA	60.0	170
		R: GGCCCATCTTGTTGTATGTA
STM0246^*	(GA)₃₃	F: AAGCAAAGCCTCCTAGGTC	58.0	186
		R: TCTACGCCTAACAGGTCTGTC
M6D3^**	(CT)₂₂	F: ACATGGATAGTCGTTGGATA	50.0	131
		R: ACCCCACTGAAGACAAACAT
M6D10^**	(GA)₁₄	F: AAATTGTCGTCCAACCAGTT	51.8	161
		R: AAAGCAGCAAACAGGAAGAG
M10D8^**	(GAA)₆(GA)₂₆	F: AGCCCTCTATACACGCACACAT	52.6	297
		R: CGGAGCTACAAGGAGCAGAATA
M15D5^**	(GA)₁₆	F: GATCGTTGCTGGCTCGC	52.7	100
		R: GCCGCCTGGATTATGAA

居群 Population	N	A	N_e	H_O	H_E	F_IS	I	PPB（%）
云盘村 YPC	21	1.385	1.351	0.344	0.182	-0.889**	0.255	38.46
鲁家村 LJC	19	1.769	1.684	0.495	0.344	-0.476**	0.487	69.23
洪江乡 HJC	23	3.308	2.319	0.501	0.522	0.062	0.910	100.00
玉金山 YJS	14	2.923	2.246	0.462	0.511	0.136*	0.850	100.00
平均 Mean	19.3	2.604	1.991	0.451	0.423	-0.292	0.696	76.92

华木莲居群遗传结构与保护单元

Population genetic structure and conservation units of Sinomanglietia glauca (Magnoliaceae)

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居群 Pop.	突变-漂变平衡检测模型 Mutation-drift test model
居群 Pop.	无限等位基因模型 IAM	逐步突变模型 SMM	两相模型 TPM
YPC	0.03125^*	0.03125^*	0.03125^*
LJC	0.00195^**	0.00195^**	0.00195^**
HJC	0.00012^***	0.04785^*	0.00024^**
YJS	0.00305^**	0.12720	0.02148^*

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