生物多样性 ›› 2008, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (6): 562-569. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.08201
郑健1,2, 郑勇奇1,*(), 张川红1, 宗亦臣1, 李伯菁1, 吴超3
收稿日期:
2008-08-19
接受日期:
2008-10-29
出版日期:
2008-11-20
发布日期:
2008-11-20
通讯作者:
郑勇奇
基金资助:
Jian Zheng1,2, Yongqi Zheng1,*(), Chuanhong Zhang1, Yichen Zong1, Bojing Li1, Chao Wu3
Received:
2008-08-19
Accepted:
2008-10-29
Online:
2008-11-20
Published:
2008-11-20
Contact:
Yongqi Zheng
About author:
* E-mail: zhengyq@caf.ac.cn摘要:
花楸树(Sorbus pohuashanensis)是我国北方一种观赏兼经济用途的树种。本研究采用水平淀粉凝胶同工酶电泳技术, 对采自山东、山西、河北、辽宁4个省的8个花楸树天然群体的种子样本进行了分析, 旨在了解花楸树天然群体的遗传多样性和遗传结构, 为该树种的保护与利用提供科学依据。4个酶系统10个位点的检测结果表明, 花楸树群体水平上的遗传多样性较高, 每位点平均等位基因数(Na)为2.2000, 多态位点百分率(P)为100%, 期望杂合度(He)为0.4240。花楸树8个群体间的有效等位基因数(Ne)、He和Shannon信息指数差异较小,3个指标从高到低依次为: 河北驼梁山>河北雾灵山>山西庞泉沟>河北白石山>山东崂山>河北塞罕坝>山东泰山>辽宁老秃顶子。群体间遗传分化系数(Fst)为0.0758, 群体间总的基因流较高(Nm = 3.0472), 群体间遗传一致度较高(I为0.8585- 0.9872), 表明群体间遗传分化程度小。在单个群体中, 通过χ2检验, 花楸树群体有73.62%的位点组合显著偏离Hardy-Weinberg平衡(P<0.05), 总群体水平近交系数(Fit)和单个群体水平近交系数(Fis)分别为-0.3105和-0.4180, 表明无论在总体水平还是群体内个体间, 花楸树群体表现为杂合体过量的现象。UPGMA聚类结果显示, 8个群体的遗传距离与地理距离相关性不显著。
郑健, 郑勇奇, 张川红, 宗亦臣, 李伯菁, 吴超 (2008) 花楸树天然群体的遗传多样性研究. 生物多样性, 16, 562-569. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.08201.
Jian Zheng, Yongqi Zheng, Chuanhong Zhang, Yichen Zong, Bojing Li, Chao Wu (2008) Genetic diversity in natural populations of Sorbus pohuashanensis. Biodiversity Science, 16, 562-569. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.08201.
群体代号 Population code | 采样地 Seed collection site | 经纬度 Geographic location | 海拔 Altitude (m) | 家系数量 No. of families | 每家系种子数 No. of seeds per family | 样本大小 Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SDL | 山东崂山 Laoshan, Shandong | 120°37.5′E 36°11′N | 493-991 | 12 | 30 | 360 |
SDT | 山东泰山 Taishan, Shandong | 117°06.1′E 36°15.8′N | 1,002-1,451 | 30 | 10 | 300 |
SXP | 山西庞泉沟 Pangquangou, Shanxi | 111°25.7′E 37°53.6′N | 1,834-2,179 | 12 | 30 | 360 |
HBB | 河北白石山 Baishishan, Hebei | 114°41.0′E 39°13.2′N | 1,654-1,931 | 12 | 30 | 360 |
HBT | 河北驼梁山 Tuoliangshan, Hebei | 113°49.5′E 38°45.1′N | 1,564-1,971 | 30 | 8 | 240 |
HBW | 河北雾灵山 Wulingshan, Hebei | 117°35.0′E 40°38.0′N | 809-1,847 | 30 | 8 | 240 |
HBS | 河北塞罕坝 Saihanba, Hebei | 117°39.0′E 42°36.0′N | 1,287-1,674 | 30 | 8 | 240 |
LNL | 辽宁老秃顶子 Laotudingzi, Liaoning | 124°53.9′E 41°19.2′N | 890-1,245 | 12 | 30 | 360 |
表1 花楸树采样群体的地理位置和样本量
Table 1 Geographic locations and sample size of Sorbus pohuashanensis populations
群体代号 Population code | 采样地 Seed collection site | 经纬度 Geographic location | 海拔 Altitude (m) | 家系数量 No. of families | 每家系种子数 No. of seeds per family | 样本大小 Sample size |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SDL | 山东崂山 Laoshan, Shandong | 120°37.5′E 36°11′N | 493-991 | 12 | 30 | 360 |
SDT | 山东泰山 Taishan, Shandong | 117°06.1′E 36°15.8′N | 1,002-1,451 | 30 | 10 | 300 |
SXP | 山西庞泉沟 Pangquangou, Shanxi | 111°25.7′E 37°53.6′N | 1,834-2,179 | 12 | 30 | 360 |
HBB | 河北白石山 Baishishan, Hebei | 114°41.0′E 39°13.2′N | 1,654-1,931 | 12 | 30 | 360 |
HBT | 河北驼梁山 Tuoliangshan, Hebei | 113°49.5′E 38°45.1′N | 1,564-1,971 | 30 | 8 | 240 |
HBW | 河北雾灵山 Wulingshan, Hebei | 117°35.0′E 40°38.0′N | 809-1,847 | 30 | 8 | 240 |
HBS | 河北塞罕坝 Saihanba, Hebei | 117°39.0′E 42°36.0′N | 1,287-1,674 | 30 | 8 | 240 |
LNL | 辽宁老秃顶子 Laotudingzi, Liaoning | 124°53.9′E 41°19.2′N | 890-1,245 | 12 | 30 | 360 |
位点 Locus | 等位基因 Allele | 等位基因频率 Allele frequencies | |||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HBW | HBS | HBT | HBB | SDL | SDT | SXP | LNL | ||||||||||||||
Pgm-1 | a | 0.3229 | 0.3500 | 0.2497 | 0.1958 | 0.2458 | 0.2467 | 0.2917 | 0.4889 | ||||||||||||
b | 0.4521 | 0.3667 | 0.4979 | 0.4181 | 0.4222 | 0.3433 | 0.4486 | 0.2278 | |||||||||||||
c | 0.2550 | 0.2833 | 0.2542 | 0.3861 | 0.3319 | 0.4100 | 0.2597 | 0.2833 | |||||||||||||
Pgm-2 | a | 0.6917 | 0.9417 | 0.4250 | 0.8194 | 0.1736 | 0.2233 | 0.7181 | 0.7514 | ||||||||||||
b | 0.3083 | 0.0583 | 0.5750 | 0.1806 | 0.8264 | 0.7767 | 0.2819 | 0.2486 | |||||||||||||
Pgm-3 | a | 0.6917 | 0.7396 | 0.5021 | 0.8986 | 0.3764 | 0.6167 | 0.9361 | 0.9333 | ||||||||||||
b | 0.3083 | 0.2604 | 0.4979 | 0.1014 | 0.6236 | 0.3833 | 0.0639 | 0.0667 | |||||||||||||
Pgi-1 | a | 0.0167 | 0.0125 | 0.0854 | 0.0181 | 0.0556 | 0.0000 | 0.0361 | 0.0153 | ||||||||||||
b | 0.1437 | 0.2167 | 0.1187 | 0.1889 | 0.3889 | 0.2500 | 0.2153 | 0.2708 | |||||||||||||
c | 0.8396 | 0.7708 | 0.7958 | 0.7931 | 0.5556 | 0.7500 | 0.7486 | 0.7139 | |||||||||||||
Pgi-2 | a | 0.6854 | 0.9500 | 0.5583 | 0.6611 | 0.8333 | 0.9450 | 0.6264 | 0.7194 | ||||||||||||
b | 0.3146 | 0.0500 | 0.4417 | 0.3389 | 0.1667 | 0.0550 | 0.3736 | 0.2806 | |||||||||||||
Pgd-1 | a | 0.7562 | 0.6771 | 0.8729 | 0.9069 | 0.9347 | 0.9867 | 0.6917 | 0.9653 | ||||||||||||
b | 0.2437 | 0.3229 | 0.1271 | 0.0931 | 0.0653 | 0.0133 | 0.3083 | 0.0347 | |||||||||||||
Pgd-2 | a | 0.0375 | 0.1562 | 0.0042 | 0.1861 | 0.0000 | 0.2050 | 0.0278 | 0.1181 | ||||||||||||
b | 0.9625 | 0.8438 | 0.9958 | 0.8139 | 1.0000 | 0.7950 | 0.9722 | 0.8819 | |||||||||||||
Pgd-3 | a | 0.5104 | 0.5250 | 0.5104 | 0.5194 | 0.5056 | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | 0.5014 | ||||||||||||
b | 0.4896 | 0.4750 | 0.4896 | 0.4806 | 0.4944 | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | 0.4986 | |||||||||||||
Mdh-1 | a | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | ||||||||||||
b | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | |||||||||||||
Mdh-2 | a | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | ||||||||||||
b | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | 0.5000 |
表2 8个花楸树群体等位基因频率分布(群体代号同表1)
Table 2 Allele frequencies in eight natural populations of Sorbus pohuashanensis. Population codes are the same as in Table 1.
位点 Locus | 等位基因 Allele | 等位基因频率 Allele frequencies | |||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HBW | HBS | HBT | HBB | SDL | SDT | SXP | LNL | ||||||||||||||
Pgm-1 | a | 0.3229 | 0.3500 | 0.2497 | 0.1958 | 0.2458 | 0.2467 | 0.2917 | 0.4889 | ||||||||||||
b | 0.4521 | 0.3667 | 0.4979 | 0.4181 | 0.4222 | 0.3433 | 0.4486 | 0.2278 | |||||||||||||
c | 0.2550 | 0.2833 | 0.2542 | 0.3861 | 0.3319 | 0.4100 | 0.2597 | 0.2833 | |||||||||||||
Pgm-2 | a | 0.6917 | 0.9417 | 0.4250 | 0.8194 | 0.1736 | 0.2233 | 0.7181 | 0.7514 | ||||||||||||
b | 0.3083 | 0.0583 | 0.5750 | 0.1806 | 0.8264 | 0.7767 | 0.2819 | 0.2486 | |||||||||||||
Pgm-3 | a | 0.6917 | 0.7396 | 0.5021 | 0.8986 | 0.3764 | 0.6167 | 0.9361 | 0.9333 | ||||||||||||
b | 0.3083 | 0.2604 | 0.4979 | 0.1014 | 0.6236 | 0.3833 | 0.0639 | 0.0667 | |||||||||||||
Pgi-1 | a | 0.0167 | 0.0125 | 0.0854 | 0.0181 | 0.0556 | 0.0000 | 0.0361 | 0.0153 | ||||||||||||
b | 0.1437 | 0.2167 | 0.1187 | 0.1889 | 0.3889 | 0.2500 | 0.2153 | 0.2708 | |||||||||||||
c | 0.8396 | 0.7708 | 0.7958 | 0.7931 | 0.5556 | 0.7500 | 0.7486 | 0.7139 | |||||||||||||
Pgi-2 | a | 0.6854 | 0.9500 | 0.5583 | 0.6611 | 0.8333 | 0.9450 | 0.6264 | 0.7194 | ||||||||||||
b | 0.3146 | 0.0500 | 0.4417 | 0.3389 | 0.1667 | 0.0550 | 0.3736 | 0.2806 | |||||||||||||
Pgd-1 | a | 0.7562 | 0.6771 | 0.8729 | 0.9069 | 0.9347 | 0.9867 | 0.6917 | 0.9653 | ||||||||||||
b | 0.2437 | 0.3229 | 0.1271 | 0.0931 | 0.0653 | 0.0133 | 0.3083 | 0.0347 | |||||||||||||
Pgd-2 | a | 0.0375 | 0.1562 | 0.0042 | 0.1861 | 0.0000 | 0.2050 | 0.0278 | 0.1181 | ||||||||||||
b | 0.9625 | 0.8438 | 0.9958 | 0.8139 | 1.0000 | 0.7950 | 0.9722 | 0.8819 | |||||||||||||
Pgd-3 | a | 0.5104 | 0.5250 | 0.5104 | 0.5194 | 0.5056 | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | 0.5014 | ||||||||||||
b | 0.4896 | 0.4750 | 0.4896 | 0.4806 | 0.4944 | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | 0.4986 | |||||||||||||
Mdh-1 | a | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | ||||||||||||
b | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | |||||||||||||
Mdh-2 | a | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | ||||||||||||
b | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | 0.5000 |
群体 Population | 样本数量 Sample size | Na | Ne | P (%) | Ho | He | Is |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
河北雾灵山 HBW | 240 | 2.2000 | 1.8068 | 100.00 | 0.5717 | 0.4148 | 0.6206 |
河北塞罕坝 HBS | 240 | 2.2000 | 1.7510 | 100.00 | 0.5500 | 0.3819 | 0.5814 |
河北驼梁山 HBT | 240 | 2.2000 | 1.8423 | 100.00 | 0.5771 | 0.4192 | 0.6234 |
河北白石山 HBB | 360 | 2.2000 | 1.7854 | 100.00 | 0.5436 | 0.3875 | 0.5932 |
山东崂山 SDL | 360 | 2.1000 | 1.7837 | 90.00 | 0.5342 | 0.3850 | 0.5824 |
山东泰山 SDT | 300 | 2.1000 | 1.7538 | 100.00 | 0.5403 | 0.3810 | 0.5707 |
山西庞泉沟 SXP | 360 | 2.2000 | 1.7968 | 100.00 | 0.5900 | 0.4017 | 0.6054 |
辽宁老秃顶子 LNL | 360 | 2.2000 | 1.7159 | 100.00 | 0.5367 | 0.3728 | 0.5695 |
平均 Mean | 308 | 2.1750 | 1.7732 | 98.75 | 0.5555 | 0.3930 | 0.5933 |
表3 8个花楸树天然群体的遗传多样性(群体代号同表1)
Table 3 Genetic diversity in eight natural populations of Sorbus pohuashanensis. Population codes are the same as in Table 1.
群体 Population | 样本数量 Sample size | Na | Ne | P (%) | Ho | He | Is |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
河北雾灵山 HBW | 240 | 2.2000 | 1.8068 | 100.00 | 0.5717 | 0.4148 | 0.6206 |
河北塞罕坝 HBS | 240 | 2.2000 | 1.7510 | 100.00 | 0.5500 | 0.3819 | 0.5814 |
河北驼梁山 HBT | 240 | 2.2000 | 1.8423 | 100.00 | 0.5771 | 0.4192 | 0.6234 |
河北白石山 HBB | 360 | 2.2000 | 1.7854 | 100.00 | 0.5436 | 0.3875 | 0.5932 |
山东崂山 SDL | 360 | 2.1000 | 1.7837 | 90.00 | 0.5342 | 0.3850 | 0.5824 |
山东泰山 SDT | 300 | 2.1000 | 1.7538 | 100.00 | 0.5403 | 0.3810 | 0.5707 |
山西庞泉沟 SXP | 360 | 2.2000 | 1.7968 | 100.00 | 0.5900 | 0.4017 | 0.6054 |
辽宁老秃顶子 LNL | 360 | 2.2000 | 1.7159 | 100.00 | 0.5367 | 0.3728 | 0.5695 |
平均 Mean | 308 | 2.1750 | 1.7732 | 98.75 | 0.5555 | 0.3930 | 0.5933 |
位点 Locus | Fis | Fit | Fst | Nm |
---|---|---|---|---|
Pgm-1 | -0.1943 | -0.1631 | 0.0261 | 9.3373 |
Pgm-2 | 0.3419 | 0.5342 | 0.2921 | 0.6057 |
Pgm-3 | 0.3813 | 0.4948 | 0.1834 | 1.1130 |
Pgi-1 | -0.2672 | -0.2245 | 0.0337 | 7.1665 |
Pgi-2 | -0.4712 | -0.3251 | 0.0993 | 2.2685 |
Pgd-1 | 0.0148 | 0.1172 | 0.1040 | 2.1546 |
Pgd-2 | -0.1133 | -0.0304 | 0.0745 | 3.1065 |
Pgd-3 | -0.9505 | -0.9499 | 0.0003 | **** |
Mdh-1 | -1.0000 | -1.0000 | 0.0000 | **** |
Mdh-2 | -1.0000 | -1.0000 | 0.0000 | **** |
平均 Mean | -0.4180 | -0.3105 | 0.0758 | 3.0472 |
表4 花楸树群体F-统计量及基因流
Table 4 Estimated F-statistics and gene flow in natural populations ofSorbus pohuashanensis
位点 Locus | Fis | Fit | Fst | Nm |
---|---|---|---|---|
Pgm-1 | -0.1943 | -0.1631 | 0.0261 | 9.3373 |
Pgm-2 | 0.3419 | 0.5342 | 0.2921 | 0.6057 |
Pgm-3 | 0.3813 | 0.4948 | 0.1834 | 1.1130 |
Pgi-1 | -0.2672 | -0.2245 | 0.0337 | 7.1665 |
Pgi-2 | -0.4712 | -0.3251 | 0.0993 | 2.2685 |
Pgd-1 | 0.0148 | 0.1172 | 0.1040 | 2.1546 |
Pgd-2 | -0.1133 | -0.0304 | 0.0745 | 3.1065 |
Pgd-3 | -0.9505 | -0.9499 | 0.0003 | **** |
Mdh-1 | -1.0000 | -1.0000 | 0.0000 | **** |
Mdh-2 | -1.0000 | -1.0000 | 0.0000 | **** |
平均 Mean | -0.4180 | -0.3105 | 0.0758 | 3.0472 |
HBW | HBS | HBT | HBB | SDL | SDT | SXP | LNL | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HBW | **** | 0.9728 | 0.9750 | 0.9788 | 0.9165 | 0.9325 | 0.9872 | 0.9726 |
HBS | 0.0276 | **** | 0.9071 | 0.9681 | 0.8585 | 0.8959 | 0.9646 | 0.9624 |
HBT | 0.0253 | 0.0975 | **** | 0.9374 | 0.9619 | 0.9515 | 0.9456 | 0.9307 |
HBB | 0.0214 | 0.0324 | 0.0646 | **** | 0.8687 | 0.9140 | 0.9837 | 0.9855 |
SDL | 0.0872 | 0.1526 | 0.0388 | 0.1408 | **** | 0.9751 | 0.8765 | 0.8807 |
SDT | 0.0699 | 0.1099 | 0.0497 | 0.0899 | 0.0252 | **** | 0.9040 | 0.9226 |
SXP | 0.0129 | 0.0361 | 0.0559 | 0.0164 | 0.1318 | 0.1010 | **** | 0.9776 |
LNL | 0.0278 | 0.0383 | 0.0719 | 0.0146 | 0.1270 | 0.0806 | 0.0227 | **** |
表5 花楸树群体间遗传距离(D)(对角线下方)及遗传一致度(I)(对角线上方) (群体代号同表1)
Table 5 Genetic distance (below diagonal) and genetic identities (above diagonal) among Sorbus pohuashanensis.Population codes are the same as in Table 1.
HBW | HBS | HBT | HBB | SDL | SDT | SXP | LNL | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HBW | **** | 0.9728 | 0.9750 | 0.9788 | 0.9165 | 0.9325 | 0.9872 | 0.9726 |
HBS | 0.0276 | **** | 0.9071 | 0.9681 | 0.8585 | 0.8959 | 0.9646 | 0.9624 |
HBT | 0.0253 | 0.0975 | **** | 0.9374 | 0.9619 | 0.9515 | 0.9456 | 0.9307 |
HBB | 0.0214 | 0.0324 | 0.0646 | **** | 0.8687 | 0.9140 | 0.9837 | 0.9855 |
SDL | 0.0872 | 0.1526 | 0.0388 | 0.1408 | **** | 0.9751 | 0.8765 | 0.8807 |
SDT | 0.0699 | 0.1099 | 0.0497 | 0.0899 | 0.0252 | **** | 0.9040 | 0.9226 |
SXP | 0.0129 | 0.0361 | 0.0559 | 0.0164 | 0.1318 | 0.1010 | **** | 0.9776 |
LNL | 0.0278 | 0.0383 | 0.0719 | 0.0146 | 0.1270 | 0.0806 | 0.0227 | **** |
图2 花楸树群体遗传距离UPGMA聚类图(群体代号同表1)
Fig. 2 A UPGMA dendrogram of Sorbus pohuashanensis populations based on Nei’s genetic distance. Population codes are the same as inTable 1.
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