云南元江上游石羊江河谷绿孔雀不同季节觅食地选择

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.08098

生物多样性 ›› 2008, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (6): 539-546. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.08098 cstr: 32101.14.SP.J.1003.2008.08098

云南元江上游石羊江河谷绿孔雀不同季节觅食地选择

刘钊¹, 周伟¹^,^*(), 张仁功², 谢以昌³, 黄庆文³, 文云燕³

1 西南林学院保护生物学院, 云南省高校森林灾害预警和控制重点实验室, 昆明 650224
2 云南省楚雄州自然保护区管理局, 楚雄 675000
3 云南省双柏恐龙河自然保护区, 双柏 675107

收稿日期:2008-04-24 接受日期:2008-11-20 出版日期:2008-11-20 发布日期:2008-11-20
通讯作者: 周伟
基金资助:
国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(“973”计划)(2003CB415100);西南林学院面上科研基金项目(200702M)

Foraging sites selection of green peafowl (Pavo muticus imperator) in different seasons in Shiyangjiang Valley of upper Yuanjiang drainage, Yunnan

Zhao Liu¹, Wei Zhou¹^,^*(), Rengong Zhang², Yichang Xie³, Qingwen Huang³, Yunyan Wen³

1 Faculty of Conservation Biology, Southwest Forestry College, Key Laboratory of Forest Disaster Warning and Control in Yunnan Higher Education Institutions, Kunming 650224
2 Nature Reserve Management Bureau of Chuxiong Prefecture in Yunnan Province, Chuxiong, Yunnan 675000
3 Konglonghe Nature Reserve of Shuangbai in Yunnan Province, Shuangbai, Yunnan 675107

Received:2008-04-24 Accepted:2008-11-20 Online:2008-11-20 Published:2008-11-20
Contact: Wei Zhou
About author:* E-mail: weizhouyn@163.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

我们于2007年3-4月和10-11月在云南元江上游石羊江河谷绿孔雀(Pavo muticus imperator)的分布区内, 采用样线法和样方法调查了绿孔雀的觅食生境, 测定了21个生态因子。结果表明, 春季的觅食地利用样方距小路距离、乔木种类和藤本密度与对照样方存在显著差异, 而秋季的则不显著。生态因子比较和逻辑斯谛回归分析结果表明, 春、秋季绿孔雀均选择落果多、接近水源、坡度小、乔木的盖度和胸径大的地区作为觅食地。乔木和草本盖度, 距小路、居民点和林缘距离等是影响判别春、秋季觅食地选择的关键因子。概率和空间分布分析结果表明, 春、秋季绿孔雀在研究区内的概率分布呈明显的斑块状, 不同季节觅食活动位点均趋向于聚集分布, 分布区存在分离, 但有部分重叠。生态因子的主成分分析结果表明, 人为干扰对绿孔雀的影响大于安全和食物需求对它们自身的影响。隐蔽条件、食物和水源等关键性生态因子的配置和可获得性决定了绿孔雀的觅食地选择行为, 它对觅食地利用的不均匀是由于可利用资源分布不均匀所致, 而人为干扰压缩了可利用的适宜生境, 降低了利用程度。

关键词: 绿孔雀, 觅食行为, 栖息地选择, 空间分布

Abstract

From March to April and October to November in 2007, we investigated foraging site selection of green peafowl (Pavo muticus imperator) using line transect bird survey and quadrant habitat sampling in Shiyangjiang Valley of upper Yuanjiang drainage in Yunnan Province, China. We measured twenty one habitat and landscape variables at used and random plots. The results suggested that distance to road, tree type, and liana density were different between used and random plots in spring, but were not different in autumn. The logistic regression analysis showed that green peafowl chose locations with abundant fruits, close water resource, gentle slope, higher degree of trees coverage, and larger trees as their foraging sites in both seasons. Foraging sites in spring and autumn could be discriminated by coverage of trees and grasses and distance to road, residential area, and forest edge. The map of distribution probability and spatial analysis indicated that the foraging sites tended to be clumped with partially overlap between spring and autumn. The results from principal component analysis showed that human disturbance affected foraging site selection.

Key words: Pavo muticus imperator, green peafowl, foraging behavior, habitat selection, spatial distribution

刘钊, 周伟, 张仁功, 谢以昌, 黄庆文, 文云燕 (2008) 云南元江上游石羊江河谷绿孔雀不同季节觅食地选择. 生物多样性, 16, 539-546. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.08098.

Zhao Liu, Wei Zhou, Rengong Zhang, Yichang Xie, Qingwen Huang, Yunyan Wen (2008) Foraging sites selection of green peafowl (Pavo muticus imperator) in different seasons in Shiyangjiang Valley of upper Yuanjiang drainage, Yunnan. Biodiversity Science, 16, 539-546. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.08098.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.08098

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2008/V16/I6/539

图/表 5

表1 绿孔雀栖息地生态因子主成分分析和不同样方之间的生态因子比较

Table 1 Result of principal component analysis of habitat variables of plots used by Pavo muticus imperator and comparisons of means of habitat variables of different sampling plots

图1 绿孔雀春、秋季觅食地利用样方和对照样方生态因子的主成分分值比较

Fig. 1 Comparisons of principal component scores of ecological factors between used and control plots of Pavo muticus imperator in spring and autumn

表2 绿孔雀春、秋季对觅食地选择的逻辑斯谛回归分析结果

Table 2 The results by logistic regression for foraging sites selection of Pavo muticus imperator in spring and autumn

样方 Plots	生态因子 Ecological factors	回归系数 Coefficient (B)	标准误 S.E.	Wald χ²	显著性 Sig.
春季利用样方对对照样方 Spring used plots vs. control plots	乔木盖度 × 乔木胸径 (CT×DBT)	0.002	0.001	6.896	0.009
	坡度 (SL)	-0.089	0.036	5.961	0.015
	常数 Constant	1.372	1.105	1.542	0.214
秋季利用样方对对照样方 Autumn used plots vs. control plots	乔木盖度 × 乔木胸径 (CT×DBT)	0.006	0.002	11.508	0.001
	坡度 (SL)	-0.113	0.054	4.293	0.038
	常数 Constant	-0.798	1.597	0.249	0.617
春季利用样方对秋季利用样方 Spring used plots vs. autumn used plots	乔木盖度 (CT)	0.063	0.034	3.373	0.066
	草本盖度 (CG)	0.057	0.029	3.823	0.051
	距小路距离 (DR)	0.020	0.009	4.746	0.029
	距居民点距离 (DSC)	0.003	0.001	6.098	0.014
	距林缘距离 (DFE)	0.008	0.005	2.778	0.096
	常数 Constant	-12.368	3.738	10.950	0.001

图2 基于逻辑斯谛回归模型的绿孔雀在研究区域的概率分布图

Fig. 2 The map of probability distribution of Pavo muticus imperator based on logistic regression models in study area.

图3 绿孔雀春、秋季在研究区内的空间分布格局

Fig. 3 Spatial distribution of Pavo muticus imperator at study area in spring and autumn

参考文献 13

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云南元江上游石羊江河谷绿孔雀不同季节觅食地选择

Foraging sites selection of green peafowl (Pavo muticus imperator) in different seasons in Shiyangjiang Valley of upper Yuanjiang drainage, Yunnan

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