生物多样性 ›› 2012, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (2): 177-183.  DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2012.07108

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国1,334种兰科植物就地保护状况评价

秦卫华1,2, 蒋明康1,*(), 徐网谷1, 贺昭和1   

  1. 1 环境保护部南京环境科学研究所, 南京 210042
    2 南京林业大学森林资源与环境学院, 南京 210037
  • 收稿日期:2011-07-05 接受日期:2012-01-18 出版日期:2012-03-20 发布日期:2012-04-09
  • 通讯作者: 蒋明康
  • 作者简介:* E-mail: baohuqu@gmail.com
  • 基金资助:
    “十一五”国家科技支撑计划项目(2008BAC39B03)

Assessment of in situ conservation of 1,334 native orchids in China

Weihua Qin1,2, Mingkang Jiang1,*(), Wanggu Xu1, Zhaohe He1   

  1. 1 Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Nanjing 210042
    2 College of Forest Resources and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037
  • Received:2011-07-05 Accepted:2012-01-18 Online:2012-03-20 Published:2012-04-09
  • Contact: Mingkang Jiang

摘要:

作者通过对中国543个自然保护区内兰科植物数据的分析, 对我国1,334种兰科植物的就地保护状况进行了逐一评价。我们根据有记录分布保护区的数量, 通过专家咨询的方式, 将兰科植物就地保护水平划分为“有效保护”、“较好保护”、“一般保护”、“较少保护”、“保护状况不明”和“未予评价”6个等级。结果发现: 有676种兰科植物在自然保护区内得到了不同程度的就地保护, 占所评价兰科植物总数的51.9%; 但有626种兰科植物保护状况不明, 尚未受到就地保护, 占总数的46.9%。另外有32种仅分布在香港、澳门和台湾地区, 本研究中未予评价, 约占总数的2.4%。根据评价结果, 就兰科植物就地保护中存在的基础调查不足、受关注程度低、受保护率低等问题进行了深入的讨论, 提出5条有针对性的建议对策: (1)加强兰科植物的调查监测; (2)提高兰科植物的保护级别与受关注程度; (3)进一步完善兰科自然保护区建设; (4)规范自然保护区综合科学考察; (5)定期评价我国兰科植物保护成效。

关键词: 兰科植物, 珍稀濒危, 就地保护, 评价, 建议

Abstract

We assessed the status of 1,334 Chinese orchids species in terms of in situ conservation based on analysis of orchid distribution data from 543 nature reserves. Based on the number of nature reserves the orchid species have been recorded, combined with expert consultant, we determined six conservation catagories, i.e., effective conservation, better conservation, general conservation, less conservation, unknown, and not evaluated. Our results indicate that 676 orchids are currently protected by nature reserves, accounting for 51.9% of total species, and that 626 orchids (46.9%) are not found in nature reserves. In addition, 32 orchids distributed only in Hongkong, Macao and Taiwan areas were not evaluated in this paper, accounting for 2.4% of total species. Based on our assessment, we herein discuss the main problems facing orchid conservation including field survey deficiencies, lack of attention, and low rates of protecting species through in situ conservation in China. We put forward five suggestions: (1) promoting research on and monitoring of orchids; (2) increasing awareness and protection of orchids in China; (3) prioritizing the construction and design of nature reserves for orchid protection; (4) regulating biotic surveys of nature reserves through enforcement of a unified standard; and (5) regular assessment of the effectiveness of orchid conservation in China.

Key words: orchids species, rare and endangered plants, in situ conservation, assessment, suggestion