森林采伐对尖峰岭海南特有种子植物多样性的影响

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1003.2012.09169

生物多样性 ›› 2012, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (2): 168-176. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2012.09169

森林采伐对尖峰岭海南特有种子植物多样性的影响

许涵¹^,^*(), 李意德¹, 骆土寿¹, 陈德祥¹, 林明献², 杨怀²

1 中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所, 广州 510520
2 中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所试验站, 海南乐东 572542

收稿日期:2011-09-22 接受日期:2012-02-13 出版日期:2012-03-20 发布日期:2012-04-09
通讯作者: 许涵
作者简介:* E-mail: hanxu81@gmail.com
基金资助:
林业公益性行业科研专项(201104057);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(RITFYWZX200902);基于大样地系统的热带森林动态监测研究(CAFYBB2011004)

Impacts of forest logging on the species diversity of endemic seed plants from Hainan Island

Han Xu¹^,^*(), Yide Li¹, Tushou Luo¹, Dexiang Chen¹, Mingxian Lin², Huai Yang²

1 Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou 510520
2 Experimental Station of Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Ledong, Hainan 572542

Received:2011-09-22 Accepted:2012-02-13 Online:2012-03-20 Published:2012-04-09
Contact: Han Xu

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

特有种子植物是热带森林植物区系的一个重要组成部分, 且很容易受到人为干扰的影响, 但是森林采伐对特有种子植物的影响少有报道。本文基于164个25 m×25 m植被公里网格样地数据, 分析了海南岛尖峰岭地区海南特有种子植物(以下简称特有种子植物)的组成结构、样地内特有种子植物物种数与总物种数之间的关系; 并从种-面积曲线、累积种-个体关系和物种多度分布3个方面比较了原始林、径级择伐林和皆伐林样地中特有种子植物的物种多样性变化规律。结果显示: 尖峰岭地区特有种子植物种类丰富, 共有158种, 占全岛(397种)的40%; 其中木本特有种子植物达98种(藤本除外), 在164个样地内共记录到胸径≥1.0 cm的52种, 占整个尖峰岭地区的53%, 以樟科、壳斗科、茜草科种类为主。样地内特有种子植物的物种数与总物种数成正相关关系。采伐后特别是径级择伐后特有种子植物物种数略微增加, 但增加的种类大多仅在1-2个样地中出现; 而且种群也比较小, 表现为较稀有且不稳定的种群结构特征, 在后续的更新中消失的可能性较大。但是, 采伐后一些特有种子植物仍具有中等大小的种群, 例如毛荔枝(Nephelium topengii)、海南紫荆木(Madhuca hainanensis)和尖峰岭锥(Castanopsis jianfenglingensis)等。

关键词: 尖峰岭, 海南特有种子植物, 森林采伐, 物种多样性

Abstract

Endemic seed plants are important floral components in tropical rainforests, and are often sensitive to human disturbance. However, few reports exist of the impacts of forest logging on these species. In this study, based on surveys of 164 quadrats of 25 m×25 m in Jianfengling, Hainan Island, the species composition and relationships between species richness of Hainan endemic seed plants and the total plant species richness were analyzed. Each of the 164 quadrats was grouped into one of three forest types, including old-growth, selectively logged and clear-cut forests. Then changes in species diversity were studied by comparing species-area relationships, cumulative species-individual relationships and species abundance distributions for the Hainan endemic seed plant species among the three forests types. Results highlighted the abundance and diversity of endemic seed plant species in Jianfengling. We found 158 species which acount for 40% of all endemic seed plant species found on Hainan Island, including 98 woody species (excluding lianas). Fifty-two woody endemic seed plant species (excluding lianas) from Hainan Island were recorded in the 164 quadrats; 53% of all woody endemic seed plant species in Jianfengling. Among them, Lauraceae, Fagaceae and Rubiaceae are dominant families. The richness of the woody seed plant species endemic to Hainan Island was linearly correlated with the total plant species richness in the quadrat. After forest logging, the number of woody endemic seed plant species appears to increase slightly, especially in selectively logged forests. However, the woody endemic seed plant species that appear to increase post-logging only occur in 1-2 quadrats and have relatively small and unstable populations, and may therefore disappear during forest succession. On the other hand, some endemic seed plant species still have medium populations after logging, such as Nephelium topengii, Madhuca hainanensis and Castanopsis jianfenglingensis.

Key words: Jianfengling, seed plant species endemic to Hainan Island, forest logging, species diversity

许涵, 李意德, 骆土寿, 陈德祥, 林明献, 杨怀 (2012) 森林采伐对尖峰岭海南特有种子植物多样性的影响. 生物多样性, 20, 168-176. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2012.09169.

Han Xu, Yide Li, Tushou Luo, Dexiang Chen, Mingxian Lin, Huai Yang (2012) Impacts of forest logging on the species diversity of endemic seed plants from Hainan Island. Biodiversity Science, 20, 168-176. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2012.09169.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1003.2012.09169

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2012/V20/I2/168

图/表 7

参考文献 44

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科名 Family	尖峰岭地区 Jianfengling district		164个样地 164 quadrats
科名 Family	特有种子植物 Endemic seed plant species	特有木本种子植物, 不含藤本 Woody endemic seed plant species (excluding lianas)	特有木本种子植物, 不含藤本 Woody endemic seed plant species (excluding lianas)
樟科 Lauraceae	18	18	9
壳斗科 Fagaceae	10	10	6
茜草科 Rubiaceae	19	9	5
柿树科 Ebenaceae	5	5	4
桃金娘科 Myrtaceae	8	8	3
大戟科 Euphorbiaceae	6	6	3
无患子科 Sapindaceae	4	4	3
茶科 Theaceae	3	3	3
紫金牛科 Myrsinaceae	5	5	2
冬青科 Aquifoliaceae	3	3	2
山矾科 Symplocaceae	2	2	2
蝶形花科 Papilionaceae	7	3	1
木犀科 Oleaceae	3	2	1
茶茱萸科 Icacinaceae	2	2	1
山榄科 Sapotaceae	2	2	1
瑞香科 Thymelaeaceae	2	2	1
牛栓藤科 Connaraceae	1	1	1
金楼梅科 Hamamelidaceae	1	1	1
胡桃科 Juglandaceae	1	1	1
山龙眼科 Proteaceae	1	1	1
梧桐科 Sterculiaceae	2	2	1
卫茅科 Celastraceae	2	2	0
夹竹桃科 Apocynaceae	5	1	0
唇形科 Lamiaceae	2	1	0
苏铁科 Cycadaceae	1	1	0
杜英科 Elaeocarpaceae	1	1	0
木兰科 Magnoliaceae	1	1	0
马鞭草 Vitaceae	1	1	0
莎草科 Cyperaceae	5	0	0
兰科 Orchidaceae	5	0	0
苦苣苔科 Gesneriaceae	4	0	0
棕榈科 Palmaceae	3	0	0
爵床科等6科^①	1	0	0
天南星科等11科^②	2	0	0
总计 Total	158	98	52

科名 Family	尖峰岭地区 Jianfengling district		164个样地 164 quadrats
科名 Family	特有种子植物 Endemic seed plant species	特有木本种子植物, 不含藤本 Woody endemic seed plant species (excluding lianas)	特有木本种子植物, 不含藤本 Woody endemic seed plant species (excluding lianas)
樟科 Lauraceae	18	18	9
壳斗科 Fagaceae	10	10	6
茜草科 Rubiaceae	19	9	5
柿树科 Ebenaceae	5	5	4
桃金娘科 Myrtaceae	8	8	3
大戟科 Euphorbiaceae	6	6	3
无患子科 Sapindaceae	4	4	3
茶科 Theaceae	3	3	3
紫金牛科 Myrsinaceae	5	5	2
冬青科 Aquifoliaceae	3	3	2
山矾科 Symplocaceae	2	2	2
蝶形花科 Papilionaceae	7	3	1
木犀科 Oleaceae	3	2	1
茶茱萸科 Icacinaceae	2	2	1
山榄科 Sapotaceae	2	2	1
瑞香科 Thymelaeaceae	2	2	1
牛栓藤科 Connaraceae	1	1	1
金楼梅科 Hamamelidaceae	1	1	1
胡桃科 Juglandaceae	1	1	1
山龙眼科 Proteaceae	1	1	1
梧桐科 Sterculiaceae	2	2	1
卫茅科 Celastraceae	2	2	0
夹竹桃科 Apocynaceae	5	1	0
唇形科 Lamiaceae	2	1	0
苏铁科 Cycadaceae	1	1	0
杜英科 Elaeocarpaceae	1	1	0
木兰科 Magnoliaceae	1	1	0
马鞭草 Vitaceae	1	1	0
莎草科 Cyperaceae	5	0	0
兰科 Orchidaceae	5	0	0
苦苣苔科 Gesneriaceae	4	0	0
棕榈科 Palmaceae	3	0	0
爵床科等6科^①	1	0	0
天南星科等11科^②	2	0	0
总计 Total	158	98	52

森林类型 Forest types	样地数 No. of quadrats	物种数 No. of species	个体数 No. of individuals	625 m²样地水平的物种密度 Species density per 625 m² quadrat
森林类型 Forest types	样地数 No. of quadrats	物种数 No. of species	个体数 No. of individuals	平均值±标准偏差 Mean ± SD	P^①
原始林 Old-growth forests	52	34	1,403	6.1±2.2	—
径级择伐 Selectively logged forests	73	40	2,491	6.3±1.9	0.52
皆伐 Clear-cut forests	39	32	1,306	6.1±2.4	0.89

森林类型 Forest types	样地数 No. of quadrats	物种数 No. of species	个体数 No. of individuals	625 m²样地水平的物种密度 Species density per 625 m² quadrat
森林类型 Forest types	样地数 No. of quadrats	物种数 No. of species	个体数 No. of individuals	平均值±标准偏差 Mean ± SD	P^①
原始林 Old-growth forests	52	34	1,403	6.1±2.2	—
径级择伐 Selectively logged forests	73	40	2,491	6.3±1.9	0.52
皆伐 Clear-cut forests	39	32	1,306	6.1±2.4	0.89

	原始林 Old-growth forests (%)	径级择伐 Selectively logged forests (%)	皆伐 Clear-cut forests (%)
仅在1个样地中出现的海南特有种子植物的物种数 Endemic seed plant species found only in one quadrat	11(32.4)	14(35.0)	11(34.4)
仅在≦2个样地中出现的海南特有种子植物的物种数 Endemic seed plant species found less than two quadrats	14(41.2)	22(55.0)	16(50.0)

森林采伐对尖峰岭海南特有种子植物多样性的影响

Impacts of forest logging on the species diversity of endemic seed plants from Hainan Island

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