关键词: 昆虫群落, α多样性, 回归分析, 功能团昆虫, β多样性分解

Abstract

Aims: To clarify the insect community structure and diversity characteristics of Kalamaili National Park Candidate Area in Xinjiang (referred to as Kashan National Park), it can lay a foundation for elucidating the distribution pattern characteristics and formation mechanism of insect communities in different grassland types in Kashan National Park. 

Methods: In this study, the composition of insect communities in Kashan was systematically investigated by net capture method from April to October 2024, and the diversity, correlation, similarity analysis and β diversity decomposition of insect communities were carried out. 

Results: The results showed that:(1) In this study, a total of 9,849 insects were collected, belonging to 11 orders, 79 families and 344 species. Among them, Orthoptera (5,300) and Coleoptera (2,349) were the dominant orders in Kashan National Park, accounting for 53.81% and 21.22% of the total number of individuals, respectively. Among the insect functional groups, phytophagous insects were the dominant group in this area, accounting for 63.40 % of the total individuals. (2) Among the eight grassland types, the largest number of individuals was found in Anabasis salsa desert (2,358), accounting for 29.80% of the total number of individuals. Before and after the coverage standardization, the Seriphidium terraealbae desert was the grassland type with the most insect species, with 179 species and 70 species respectively. In the analysis of α diversity, the Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Margalef richness index of Seriphidium terraealbae desert, Anabasis salsa desert and Krascheninnikovia ceratoides desert were higher, and significantly higher than those of other grassland types (P<0.05). At the same time, the vegetation coverage and the number of vegetation species were significantly positively correlated with the diversity of insect communities (P<0.05). (3) The overall similarity of insect communities among the eight grassland types was moderately dissimilar (J<0.5), which was mainly due to species turnover. Oedipodidae was the main contributor, with a contribution rate of 30.48%. Among them, Sphingonotus salinus was the main contributor, with a contribution rate of 7.18%. 

Conclusion: This study preliminarily grasped the composition and diversity characteristics of insect community in Kalamaili National Park Candidate Area, and explored the main factors of insect community differences among different habitats in the region, which could provide scientific basis for the study of insect diversity in Kalamaili National Park Candidate Area.

Key words: Insect communities, α diversity, regression analysis, functional group insects, β diversity decomposition