浙江海域海龟记录及其种群现状

doi:10.17520/biods.2023082

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

东海浙江海域分布着5种海龟, 分别为棱皮龟(Dermochelys coriacea)、绿海龟(Chelonia mydas)、红海龟(Caretta caretta)、玳瑁(Eretmochelys imbricata)和太平洋丽龟(Lepidochelys olivacea), 均被列为国家一级重点保护野生动物。目前, 针对浙江海域的海龟种群现状调查较为缺乏。为此, 本研究通过搜集互联网平台上1981年4月1日至2022年12月31日的浙江海域海龟发现记录, 尤其是整合了短视频平台渔民上传的影像记录这一新颖来源的数据, 对浙江海域海龟种群现状进行评估。共搜集到互联网上浙江海域海龟报道109笔, 共计234只, 其中红海龟个体数占79.1%, 绿海龟占9.4%, 棱皮龟占6.0%, 太平洋丽龟占4.3%, 玳瑁占1.3%。5种海龟所有个体均为成体。同时, 通过短视频平台获取的记录案例数最多, 占总记录案例的66.1%, 占近10年所有记录案例的93.6%。本研究结果表明浙江海域红海龟数量最多, 绿海龟、棱皮龟和太平洋丽龟相对较少, 玳瑁最少。同时, 短视频数据从2020年开始急剧增多, 这提示短视频数据可能是未来海洋爬行动物种群数量调查的重要数据源。

关键词: 浙江, 东海, 海龟, 短视频, 监测

Abstract

Aims: The waters of Zhejiang Province in China host five species of sea turtles under first class protection in the List of National Key Protected Wildlife: the leatherback (Dermochelys coriacea), the green turtle (Chelonia mydas), the loggerhead (Caretta caretta), the hawksbill (Eretmochelys imbricata), and the olive ridley (Lepidochelys olivacea). Due to insufficient studies of sea turtles in the area, sea turtles in this region are not well understood. Therefore, we conducted a large-scale survey in the region and explored the population status of the five species.

Methods: We retrieved and collected records of sea turtles in Zhejiang Province from various internet platforms, especially short-form video records from Chinese fishermen taken from August 1st, 2018 to December 31st, 2022, and thereby analyzed species composition and abundance in the region.

Results: In total, we identified 109 records of sea turtles in this region from April 1st, 1981 to December 31st, 2022, comprising 234 individuals, among which 79.1% are loggerheads, 9.4% are green turtles, 6.0% are leatherbacks, 4.3% are olive ridleys and 1.3% are hawksbills. The majority of the records were obtained from short-form video platforms.

Conclusions: These results indicate that loggerheads make up the largest proportion of the sea turtle population in the sea areas of Zhejiang Province, followed by the green, the leatherback, the olive ridley, and finally the hawksbill. The results prove that the East China Sea is of great importance to the turtles, especially the loggerhead. The study also proves the significance of citizen science projects in the daily monitoring of marine reptiles.

Key words: Zhejiang Province, East China Sea, sea turtles, short-form video, marine reptiles monitoring

陈景轩, 周佳俊, 刘宝权 (2023) 浙江海域海龟记录及其种群现状. 生物多样性, 31, 23082. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2023082.

Jingxuan Chen, Jiajun Zhou, Baoquan Liu (2023) Records and population status of sea turtles in the Zhejiang sea area of China. Biodiversity Science, 31, 23082. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2023082.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2023082

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2023/V31/I6/23082

图/表 3

图1 1981年4月至2022年12月浙江省海域不同来源海龟记录数及占比

Fig. 1 Sea turtle records and proportion from different sources from Zhejiang sea areas between April, 1981 and December, 2022

图2 1981年4月至2022年12月浙江省海域不同来源获得的海龟记录数(A)和个体数(B)

Fig. 2 Records of different sea turtle species (A) and individuals (B) from Zhejiang sea areas between April, 1981 and December, 2022

图3 浙江省海域2012年1月至2022年12月不同来源海龟记录数的年际变化

Fig. 3 Number of records’ sources of sea turtles in Zhejiang from January, 2012 to December, 2022

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