湖北省极小种群野生植物在原生群落中的竞争地位及保护建议

doi:10.17520/biods.2021517

生物多样性 ›› 2022, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (6): 21517. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2021517

• 研究报告: 植物多样性 • 上一篇下一篇

湖北省极小种群野生植物在原生群落中的竞争地位及保护建议

孙哲明¹^,², 刘亚恒³, 彭秋桐¹, 徐芷妍¹, 杨予静¹, 欧文慧⁴, 李中强¹^,^*()

1.湖北大学资源环境学院区域开发与环境响应湖北省重点实验室, 武汉 430062
2.武汉市市政建设集团有限公司, 武汉 430023
3.湖北省生态环境科学研究院(省生态环境工程评估中心), 武汉 430079
4.湖北省林业科学研究院, 武汉 430075

收稿日期:2021-12-13 接受日期:2022-02-21 出版日期:2022-06-20 发布日期:2022-04-20
通讯作者: 李中强
作者简介:* E-mail: lizhq@hubu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(31570366);湖北省教育厅高等学校优秀中青年科技创新团队计划项目(T201701);湖北自然科学基金创新群体项目(2020CFA005)

Competition status and conservation suggestions for Wild Plant with Extremely Small Populations in primary communities in Hubei Province

Zheming Sun¹^,², Yaheng Liu³, Qiutong Peng¹, Zhiyan Xu¹, Yujing Yang¹, Wenhui Ou⁴, Zhongqiang Li¹^,^*()

1. Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Regional Development and Environmental Response, Faculty of Resource and Environment, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062
2. Wuhan Municipal Construction Group Co. Ltd., Wuhan 430023
3. Hubei Provincial Academy of Eco-environmental Sciences (Hubei Provincial Eco-Environmental Engineering Assessment Center), Wuhan 430079
4. Hubei Academy of Forestry, Wuhan 430075

Received:2021-12-13 Accepted:2022-02-21 Online:2022-06-20 Published:2022-04-20
Contact: Zhongqiang Li

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

极小种群野生植物是亟需保护、最为濒危的植物, 研究极小种群野生植物物种重要值和竞争格局对保护与恢复具有重要实践意义。本文通过野外群落调查, 研究了湖北省分布的7种极小种群野生植物大别山五针松(Pinus fenzeliana var. dabeshanensis)、水杉(Metasequoia glyptostroboides)、峨眉含笑(Michelia wilsonii)、小勾儿茶(Berchemiella wilsonii)、长果秤锤树(Sinojackia dolichocarpa)、黄梅秤锤树(S. huangmeiensis)和庙台槭(Acer miaotaiense)的重要值及改进后的Hegyi竞争指数。结果表明: 从重要值来看, 水杉、长果秤锤树在各自所属的群落中具有较高的重要值及较低的变异系数, 为群落中的优势种; 庙台槭和黄梅秤锤树重要值较高, 为群落中的亚优势种; 大别山五针松、峨眉含笑、小勾儿茶重要值较低, 为群落伴生种。从改进后的Hegyi竞争指数来看, 湖北省7种极小种群野生植物受到的竞争压力的来源和强度存在较大差异, 大别山五针松、峨眉含笑、小勾儿茶、黄梅秤锤树主要受到种间竞争, 而水杉、长果秤锤树、庙台槭主要受到种内竞争, 因此在制定保护措施前要充分考虑物种间的竞争情况, 才能采取更有针对性的保护措施。

关键词: 极小种群野生植物, 改进后的Hegyi竞争指数, 保护, 重要值, 竞争, 优势度

Abstract

Aims: Wild Plant with Extremely Small Populations (WPESP) are plant species that are primarily at the risk of extinction and require urgent protection. It is of great practical significance to protect and recover WPESP through researching species importance value (IV) and competition patterns.
Methods: Based on the extensive field survey, we analyzed the species importance value and improved Hegyi competition index of the seven WPESP in Hubei Province, including: Pinus fenzeliana var. dabeshanensis, Metasequoia glyptostroboides, Michelia wilsonii, Berchemiella wilsonii, Sinojackia dolichocarpa, S. huangmeiensis and Acer miaotaiense.
Results: The results of the importance value indicated that M. glyptostroboides and S. dolichocarpa were the dominant species in the natural communities with a high importance value and a low variable coefficient in their respective communities, S. huangmeiensis and A. miaotaiense were the sub-dominant species with a relatively higher importance value, and P. fenzeliana var. dabeshanensis, M. wilsonii and B. wilsonii were the accessory species in the community with a relatively low importance value. According to the improved Hegyi competition index, there are big differences in competition density and source of competition among seven WPESP in Hubei Province. Pinus fenzeliana var. dabeshanensis, M. wilsonii, B. wilsonii and S. huangmeiensis are primarily subject to interspecific competition while M. glyptostroboide, S. dolichocarpa and A. miaotaiense are primarily subjected to intraspecific competition.
Conclusion: The interspecific and intraspecific competitions of WPESP should be fully considered before implementing conservation measures so that more precise conservation measures can be taken.

Key words: Wild Plant with Extremely Small Populations, improved Hegyi competition index, conservation, importance value, competition, dominance

孙哲明, 刘亚恒, 彭秋桐, 徐芷妍, 杨予静, 欧文慧, 李中强 (2022) 湖北省极小种群野生植物在原生群落中的竞争地位及保护建议. 生物多样性, 30, 21517. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2021517.

Zheming Sun, Yaheng Liu, Qiutong Peng, Zhiyan Xu, Yujing Yang, Wenhui Ou, Zhongqiang Li (2022) Competition status and conservation suggestions for Wild Plant with Extremely Small Populations in primary communities in Hubei Province. Biodiversity Science, 30, 21517. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2021517.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2021517

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2022/V30/I6/21517

图/表 4

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物种 Species	分布区域 Distribution area	保护等级 Protection level^*	IUCN评级 IUCN grade	RLCHP评级 RLCHP grade^**	现存数量 Survival number
大别山五针松 Pinus fenzeliana var. dabeshanensis	英山县 Yingshan County	I	VU	-	4
水杉 Metasequoia glyptostroboides	利川市 Lichuan City	I	EN	CR	5,630
峨眉含笑 Michelia wilsonii	利川市 Lichuan City	II	DD	VU	8
小勾儿茶 Berchemiella wilsonii	保康县、长阳县等 Baokang County, Changyang County, etc.	II	-	-	113
黄梅秤锤树 Sinojackia huangmeiensis	黄梅县 Huangmei County	II	VU	VU	462
长果秤锤树 Sinojackia dolichocarpa	秭归县 Zigui County	II	VU	EN	13
庙台槭 Acer miaotaiense	神农架林区 Shennongjia Forestry District	II	VU	VU	13

物种 Species	分布区域 Distribution area	保护等级 Protection level^*	IUCN评级 IUCN grade	RLCHP评级 RLCHP grade^**	现存数量 Survival number
大别山五针松 Pinus fenzeliana var. dabeshanensis	英山县 Yingshan County	I	VU	-	4
水杉 Metasequoia glyptostroboides	利川市 Lichuan City	I	EN	CR	5,630
峨眉含笑 Michelia wilsonii	利川市 Lichuan City	II	DD	VU	8
小勾儿茶 Berchemiella wilsonii	保康县、长阳县等 Baokang County, Changyang County, etc.	II	-	-	113
黄梅秤锤树 Sinojackia huangmeiensis	黄梅县 Huangmei County	II	VU	VU	462
长果秤锤树 Sinojackia dolichocarpa	秭归县 Zigui County	II	VU	EN	13
庙台槭 Acer miaotaiense	神农架林区 Shennongjia Forestry District	II	VU	VU	13

物种 Species	样方数 No. of samples	最大值 Max. value (%)	最小值 Min. value (%)	标准差 Standard deviation	平均值 Mean (%)	变异系数 Variation coefficient (%)
大别山五针松 Pinus fenzeliana var. dabeshanensis	4	21.10	8.45	5.10	15.56	32.77
水杉 Metasequoia glyptostroboides	10	81.26	21.54	19.36	51.82	37.37
峨眉含笑 Michelia wilsonii	5	17.45	9.58	2.65	14.09	18.79
小勾儿茶 Berchemiella wilsonii	2	10.55	7.61	1.47	9.08	16.19
黄梅秤锤树 Sinojackia huangmeiensis	10	72.96	10.98	18.42	33.16	55.54
长果秤锤树 Sinojackia dolichocarpa	7	91.88	46.69	13.64	66.77	20.43
庙台槭 Acer miaotaiense	4	70.99	8.51	24.82	36.03	68.89

物种 Species	样方数 No. of samples	最大值 Max. value (%)	最小值 Min. value (%)	标准差 Standard deviation	平均值 Mean (%)	变异系数 Variation coefficient (%)
大别山五针松 Pinus fenzeliana var. dabeshanensis	4	21.10	8.45	5.10	15.56	32.77
水杉 Metasequoia glyptostroboides	10	81.26	21.54	19.36	51.82	37.37
峨眉含笑 Michelia wilsonii	5	17.45	9.58	2.65	14.09	18.79
小勾儿茶 Berchemiella wilsonii	2	10.55	7.61	1.47	9.08	16.19
黄梅秤锤树 Sinojackia huangmeiensis	10	72.96	10.98	18.42	33.16	55.54
长果秤锤树 Sinojackia dolichocarpa	7	91.88	46.69	13.64	66.77	20.43
庙台槭 Acer miaotaiense	4	70.99	8.51	24.82	36.03	68.89

对象木 Objective tree	竞争木 Competitive tree	样方出现频率 Occurrence frequency (%)	株数 Individual number	竞争强度 Competition intensity
对象木 Objective tree	竞争木 Competitive tree	样方出现频率 Occurrence frequency (%)	株数 Individual number	最大值 Max.	最小值 Min.	竞争指数 Competition intensity	平均值 Mean	占总竞争指数百分比 % of total competition intensity	排名 Rank
大别山五针松 Pinus var. dabeshanensis	黄山松 Pinus taiwanensis	100.0	21	8.18	0.16	9.13	0.43	94.8	1
	山梅花 Philadelphus incanus	25.0	2	0.19	0.19	0.19	0.10	2.0	2
	紫茎 Stewartia sinensis	50.0	2	0.16	0.03	0.19	0.09	1.9	3
	金缕梅 Hamamelis mollis	25.0	1	0.08	0.08	0.08	0.08	0.9	4
	茅栗 Castanea seguinii	50.0	2	0.02	0.01	0.03	0.02	0.3	5
	其他伴生种 Other trees	-	1	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.1	-
水杉 Metasequoia glyptostroboides	水杉 M. glyptostroboides	90.0	33	3.27	0.20	10.58	0.32	80.9	1
	柳杉 Cryptomeria japonica var. sinensis	40.0	17	0.91	0.02	1.95	0.11	14.9	2
	毛竹 Phyllostachys edulis	10.0	9	0.27	0.27	0.27	0.03	2.0	3
	棕榈 Trachycarpus fortunei	20.0	3	0.25	0.01	0.26	0.09	2.0	4
	银杏 Ginkgo biloba	10.0	1	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.2	-
峨眉含笑 Michelia wilsonii	鸡爪槭 Acer palmatum	20.0	2	0.93	0.93	0.93	0.47	21.2	1
	北枳椇 Hovenia dulcis	20.0	3	0.46	0.46	0.46	0.15	10.4	2
	青冈 Cyclobalanopsis glauca	40.0	2	0.25	0.19	0.43	0.22	9.8	3
	长蕊杜鹃 Rhododendron stamineum	80.0	9	0.17	0.02	0.35	0.04	8.0	4
	鹅耳枥 Carpinus turczaninowii	20.0	2	0.33	0.33	0.33	0.17	7.6	5
	其他伴生种 Other trees	-	30	-	-	1.89	-	43.1	-
小勾儿茶 Berchemiella wilsonii	鹅耳枥 Carpinus turczaninowii	100.0	5	0.52	0.33	0.85	0.17	30.1	1
	湖北紫荆 Cercis glabra	100.0	6	0.19	0.16	0.34	0.06	12.1	2
	朴树 Celtis sinensis	50.0	3	0.33	0.33	0.33	0.11	11.7	3
	榔榆 Ulmus parvifolia	50.0	1	0.23	0.23	0.23	0.23	8.0	4
	化香树 Platycarya strobilacea	50.0	1	0.22	0.22	0.22	0.22	7.7	5
	其他伴生种 Other trees	-	16	-	-	0.86	-	30.5	-
黄梅秤锤树 Sinojackia huangmeiensis	麻栎 Quercus acutissima	50.0	15	33.76	4.14	75.72	5.05	51.8	1
	枸骨 Ilex cornuta	80.0	19	5.70	0.05	16.75	0.88	11.5	2
	枫香树 Liquidambar formosana	10.0	2	11.89	4.80	16.70	8.35	11.4	3
	樟 Cinnamomum camphora	30.0	6	7.26	0.54	8.65	1.44	5.9	4
	黄梅秤锤树 S. huangmeiensis	100.0	43	1.65	0.04	8.13	0.19	5.6	5
	其他伴生种 Other trees	-	28	-	-	20.34	-	13.9	-
长果秤锤树 Sinojackia dolichocarpa	长果秤锤树 S. dolichocarpa	100.0	13	1.48	0.17	5.68	0.25	66.0	1
	青冈 Cyclobalanopsis glauca	42.9	3	0.44	0.24	1.08	0.36	12.5	2
	侧柏 Platycladus orientalis	14.3	1	0.61	0.61	0.61	0.61	7.1	3
	杨梅叶蚊母树 Distylium myricoides	42.9	9	0.26	0.15	0.60	0.07	7.0	4
	朴树 Celtis sinensis	57.1	4	0.14	0.09	0.45	0.11	5.3	5
	其他伴生种 Other trees	-	3	-	-	0.18	-	2.1	-
庙台槭 Acer miaotaiense	庙台槭 A. miaotaiense	75.0	13	6.55	0.47	9.81	0.75	66.2	1
	苦树 Picrasma quassioides	25.0	8	1.94	1.94	1.94	0.24	13.1	2
	枫杨 Pterocarya stenoptera	25.0	2	0.81	0.81	0.81	0.40	5.4	3
	房县槭 A. sterculiaceum subsp. franchetii	25.0	4	0.53	0.53	0.53	0.13	3.6	4
	盐肤木 Rhus chinensis	25.0	3	0.32	0.32	0.32	0.11	2.2	5
	其他伴生种 Other trees	-	12	-	-	2.39	-	9.6	-

湖北省极小种群野生植物在原生群落中的竞争地位及保护建议

Competition status and conservation suggestions for Wild Plant with Extremely Small Populations in primary communities in Hubei Province

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