中印度洋与南海西部表层海水细菌多样性

doi:10.17520/biods.2021407

生物多样性 ›› 2022, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (1): 21407. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2021407

• 研究报告: 动物多样性 • 上一篇下一篇

中印度洋与南海西部表层海水细菌多样性

夏呈强¹^,^#, 李毅²^,³^,^#^,^*(), 党延茹³, 察倩倩³, 贺晓艳³, 秦启龙³

1.山西农业大学动物科学学院, 山西太谷 030801
2.山西农业大学生命科学学院, 山西太谷 030801
3.山东大学微生物技术国家重点实验室, 山东青岛 266237

收稿日期:2021-10-11 接受日期:2021-10-20 出版日期:2022-01-20 发布日期:2022-01-29
通讯作者: 李毅
作者简介:* E-mail: liyi@sxau.edu.cn
第一联系人：
# 共同第一作者
基金资助:
山西省优秀博士来晋工作奖励项目(SXYBKY2019024);山西农业大学科技创新基金项目(2020BQ07);国家自然科学基金(31870101)

Diversity of culturable and in situ bacteria in surface seawater from the central Indian Ocean and the western South China Sea

Chengqiang Xia¹^,^#, Yi Li²^,³^,^#^,^*(), Yanru Dang³, Qianqian Cha³, Xiaoyan He³, Qilong Qin³

1 College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801
2 College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801
3 State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237

Received:2021-10-11 Accepted:2021-10-20 Online:2022-01-20 Published:2022-01-29
Contact: Yi Li
About author:First author contact:
# Co-first authors

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

细菌在海洋生物地球化学循环中发挥着重要作用。为更好地了解海洋细菌的特征及其在海洋环境中的潜在作用, 本文利用纯培养与16S rRNA基因高通量测序技术对中印度洋与南海西部海域表层海水细菌多样性进行研究。纯培养结果表明, 自中印度洋与南海西部表层海水中共分离275株可培养海洋细菌, 隶属于4门49属75种。变形菌门是绝对优势类群(占总株数的68.7%), 其次是放线菌门(21.5%)、拟杆菌门(9.1%)和厚壁菌门(0.7%)。在属水平, 微杆菌属(Microbacterium)与弧菌属(Vibrio)是主要的优势属, 共占总株数的30.0%。在3种分离培养基中, 自1/10 × 2216E培养基中分离细菌的数目与种类最多(89株, 30属); 分离菌株中的细菌菌株有7、9与3个属分别仅在2216E、1/10 × 2216E及葡萄糖甘露糖(glucose-mannose, GM)培养基中生长。此外, 共分离培养出50株细菌(26种)可能代表潜在新分类单元。高通量测序结果显示, 中印度洋和南海西部表层海水中共有23个门531个属。优势门类为变形菌门(72.2%)和拟杆菌门(15.3%), 优势属为嗜冷杆菌属(Psychrobacter, 24.4%)、盐单胞菌属(Halomonas, 16.3%)和亚硫酸杆菌属(Sulfitobacter, 13.9%)。此外, 中印度洋表层海水细菌Shannon-Wiener指数与Pielou均匀度指数显著高于南海西部(P < 0.05), 且细菌群落结构显著不同(P < 0.05)。综合纯培养与原位细菌数据得出, 中印度洋与南海西部海洋细菌具有丰富的多样性, 具有进一步开发研究的价值。

关键词: 中印度洋, 南海西部, 表层海水, 高通量测序, 细菌多样性

Abstract

Aims: Bacteria play an important role in driving biogeochemical cycling in the open ocean. Therefore, it is of great significance to investigate the characteristics of marine bacteria and their potential role in the marine environment.

Methods: In this study, surface seawater was collected from 8 sites in the central Indian Ocean and the western South China Sea. Three different media were utilized for strains isolation and identification, and the 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing method was used to analyze the microbial classification and community composition of each study site.

Results: A total of 275 strains, belonging to 4 phyla, 49 genera and 75 species, were isolated and identified. Proteobacteria were the most dominant, accounting for 68.7% of the total isolates, followed by Actinobacteria (21.5%), Bacteroidetes (9.1%) and Firmicutes (0.7%). At the genus level, Microbacterium and Vibrio were the dominant genera, accounting for 30.0% of the total number of isolates. Bacterial abundance and species (89 isolates, 30 genera) in the 1/10 × 2216E medium were the highest among the three kinds of media. Seven, nine and three genera were only found in 2216E, 1/10 × 2216E and glucose-mannose (GM) medium, respectively. Fifty strains (26 species) were identified as potential novel taxa. The sequencing analysis revealed that 23 phyla and 531 genera were found in the surface seawater. Dominant phyla were Proteobacteria (72.2%) and Bacteroidetes (15.3%), dominant genera were Psychrobacter (24.4%), Halomonas (16.3%), and Sulfitobacter (13.9%). In addition, the Shannon-Wiener index and Pielou’s evenness index were significantly higher in the Indian Ocean than the South China Sea (P < 0.05), and bacterial community structure was significantly different between those two regions (P < 0.05).

Conclusion: The results indicated that marine bacteria from the surface seawater of central Indian Ocean and western South China Sea were rich in diversity, and help the most value for further development and research.

Key words: central Indian Ocean, western South China Sea, surface seawater, high throughput sequencing, bacterial diversity

夏呈强, 李毅, 党延茹, 察倩倩, 贺晓艳, 秦启龙 (2022) 中印度洋与南海西部表层海水细菌多样性. 生物多样性, 30, 21407. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2021407.

Chengqiang Xia, Yi Li, Yanru Dang, Qianqian Cha, Xiaoyan He, Qilong Qin (2022) Diversity of culturable and in situ bacteria in surface seawater from the central Indian Ocean and the western South China Sea. Biodiversity Science, 30, 21407. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2021407.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2021407

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2022/V30/I1/21407

图/表 7

表1 中印度洋与南海西部采样位点信息及非培养细菌群落生物多样性指数

Table 1 The information of sampling stations of the central Indian Ocean and the western South China Sea and biodiversity indices of uncultured bacterial communities

站位 Station	经度 Longitude	纬度 Latitude	温度 Temperature (℃)	OTU	Margalef丰富度指数 Margalef’s richness index	Pielou均匀度指数 Pielou’s evenness index	Faith系统发育多样性指数 Faith’s PD index	Shannon-Wiener指数 Shannon-Wiener index
IO_1	51.30°E	36.93°S	19.8	519	45.15	0.75	32.00	6.77
IO_14	85.36°E	19.52°S	25.4	354	30.77	0.59	29.17	4.99
IO_20	96.62°E	11.29°S	29.2	349	30.33	0.62	26.18	5.24
SCS_4	111.47°E	9.25°N	30.5	470	40.88	0.55	35.39	4.88
SCS_6	112.52°E	12.78°N	30.0	380	33.03	0.49	31.09	4.22
SCS_7	113.25°E	15.17°N	29.6	379	32.95	0.54	30.76	4.63
SCS_8	114.20°E	17.17°N	30.0	424	36.87	0.53	35.08	4.66
SCS_9	115.45°E	19.19°N	30.9	323	28.07	0.52	27.58	4.32

图1 表层海水可培养细菌在(A)门和(B)纲水平的组成分布

Fig. 1 Distributions of cultivable bacteria at (A) phylum and (B) class level from different surface seawaters

图2 表层海水可培养细菌属的多样性

Fig. 2 Cultivable bacterial diversity of genus isolated from surface seawaters

图3 三种不同培养基分离培养的(A)细菌多样性及(B)不同属的维恩分析。2216E, 2216E培养基; 1/10 × 2216E, 稀释10倍的2216E培养基; GM, 葡萄糖甘露糖培养基。

Fig. 3 Bacterial diversity and Venn analysis of differential genera isolated in three different media. 2216E, 2216E culture medium; 1/10 × 2216E, Diluted 10 times of 2216E culture medium; GM, Glucose-mannose culture medium.

图4 中印度洋与南海西部表层海水中原位细菌在门水平上的组成分布

Fig. 4 In situ bacterial composition distributions at phylum level across the surface seawaters of the central Indian Ocean (IO) and the western South China Sea (SCS)

图5 中印度洋与南海西部表层海水中原位细菌在属水平上的分布

Fig. 5 In situ bacterial composition distributions at genus level across the surface seawaters of the central Indian Ocean (IO) and the western South China Sea (SCS)

图6 基于Bray-Curtis相似性的中印度洋及南海西部表层海水中ASV聚类分析

Fig. 6 The cluster dendrogram analysis based on Bray-Curtis similarity of ASVs in the surface seawaters of the central Indian Ocean (IO) and the western South China Sea (SCS)

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中印度洋与南海西部表层海水细菌多样性

Diversity of culturable and in situ bacteria in surface seawater from the central Indian Ocean and the western South China Sea

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