关键词: 大兴安岭, 小兴安岭, 细菌多样性, 纯培养, 16S rRNA, 芽孢杆菌属

Abstract

As an important part of all microorganisms, bacteria play a vital role in the formation and decomposition of organic matter, the maintenance of ecosystem balance and the promotion of both animal and plant development. Here, the community structure and population diversity of culturable soil bacteria in the Greater and Lesser Khinggan Mountains were studied from 2014 to 2017 using the culture-dependent 16S rRNA sequencing method. Three thousand one hundred eighty bacterial strains were isolated from different habitats across 17 nature reserves in the Greater and Lesser Khinggan Mountains. Twenty-four genera and 120 species were identified from the specimens. Among them, Bacillus had the largest number of species and strains, 38 and 2,419, respectively. Bacillus was the dominant genus (76.1%) for this culture of bacteria from the Greater and Lesser Khinggan Mountains, followed by Brevisbasillus (13.0%). The species number, Simpson diversity index and Shannon-Wiener index were higher in the Greater Khinggan Mountains than the Lesser Khinggan Mountains. The subsequent analysis of the dominant genus of Bacillus showed that B. subtilis, B. thuringiensis and B. megaterium were important for the local economy and future scientific research.

Key words: the Great Khinggan Mountains, the Lesser Khinggan Mountains, bacterial diversity, pure culture, 16S rRNA, Bacillus