云南省生物多样性保护进展、成效与前瞻

doi:10.17520/biods.2020082

生物多样性 ›› 2021, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (2): 200-211. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2020082

云南省生物多样性保护进展、成效与前瞻

刘春晖¹, 杨京彪¹, 尹仑²^,^*()

1.中央民族大学生命与环境科学学院, 北京 100081
2.西南林业大学西南生态文明研究中心, 昆明 650233

收稿日期:2020-03-06 接受日期:2020-06-11 出版日期:2021-02-20 发布日期:2020-09-12
通讯作者: 尹仑
作者简介:* E-mail: 13888267735@163.com
基金资助:
云南省哲学社会科学规划重大项目“云南生物多样性保护法治实践经验研究”(ZDZB201906);生态环境部生物多样性调查评估项目(2019HJ2096001006);生态环境部生物多样性调查、观测和评估项目(2019-2023年)

Progress, achievements and prospects of biodiversity protection in Yunnan Province

Chunhui Liu¹, Jingbiao Yang¹, Lun Yin²^,^*()

1 College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081
2 Center for Ecological Civilization, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650233

Received:2020-03-06 Accepted:2020-06-11 Online:2021-02-20 Published:2020-09-12
Contact: Lun Yin

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

《生物多样性公约》第十五次缔约方大会(COP15)计划于2021年在云南昆明召开, 大会将评估《2011-2020年生物多样性战略计划》执行情况及实施进展。如能达成协议, 将出台“2020年后全球生物多样性框架”, 作为指导2020年之后全球生物多样性保护的最新纲领性文件。这是生物多样性保护国际进程的一个里程碑, 也是展现中国以及云南多年来生物多样性保护成效的重要契机。作为中国生物多样性最为丰富的省份和具有全球意义的生物多样性关键地区之一, 云南在生物多样性保护方面投入巨大努力, 在全国较早发布省级《生物多样性保护战略与行动计划(2012-2030年)》、开创地方立法先河、率先试点建设国家公园、较早开展县域生物多样性本底调查与评估研究工作、建立了首个国家级野生生物种质资源库等, 在就地保护、迁地保护、重大生态工程等众多领域都取得显著成效。本文在梳理云南生物多样性保护进展与成就的基础上, 对保护成效进行了评估, 并有针对性地探讨了云南生物多样性保护未来发展方向及重大意义, 加强全省农业生物多样性的保护与可持续利用、发挥跨境生物多样性保护及减贫示范作用、协调发展生物多样性保护与少数民族传统知识保护等方面是云南省生物多样性保护今后发展的重要方向, 同时本文也为进一步促进云南生物多样性保护与管理提供了基础资料, 并为COP15提供地方履约实例。

关键词: 生物多样性公约, 进展, 成效, 生物多样性保护, 传统知识, 云南

Abstract

Background & Aim: The 15th Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (COP15) will take place in Kunming, Yunnan Province in 2021. The conference will assess the implementation and progress of the Strategic Plan for Biological Diversity 2011-2020. Once review is complete, the conference participants will produce the Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework, which will become a contemporary document to guide the global conservation of biological diversity after 2020. This conference represents a milestone in the international process of biodiversity conservation and provides an important opportunity for Yunnan to demonstrate its practice and achievements in recent years.
Review Results: Yunnan is the most biodiverse province in China, and it is therefore a key area of global biodiversity significance. Yunnan has also put great effort into biodiversity conservation, including the following achievements: the provincial Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (2012-2030) was one of the first issued in the country; became the first province to enact local legislation on biodiversity conservation; took the lead in the construction of national parks; carried out the evaluation of inventory of county-level biodiversity; and established the first national wildlife germplasm resource bank. Additional significant achievements have been made in in situ conservation, ex situ conservation, and major ecological protection projects.
Perspectives: To provide basic information for biodiversity conservation in Yunnan, and local implementation examples for COP15, we will assess the progress of biodiversity conservation of Yunnan, evaluate the conservation effects, consider future development directions, and explore the significance of biodiversity in Yunnan. What’s more, we point out that the conservation and sustainable use of agricultural biodiversity in Yunnan, the demonstration role of cross-border biodiversity conservation and poverty reduction, and the coordinated development of biodiversity conservation and traditional knowledge protection of ethnic minorities are important directions for the future development of biodiversity conservation in Yunnan Province.

Key words: Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), progress, achievements, biodiversity conservation, traditional knowledge, Yunnan Province

刘春晖, 杨京彪, 尹仑 (2021) 云南省生物多样性保护进展、成效与前瞻. 生物多样性, 29, 200-211. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2020082.

Chunhui Liu, Jingbiao Yang, Lun Yin (2021) Progress, achievements and prospects of biodiversity protection in Yunnan Province. Biodiversity Science, 29, 200-211. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2020082.

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2020082

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2021/V29/I2/200

图/表 4

参考文献 54

[1]	Allen T, Prosperi P, Cogill B, Flichman G (2014) Agricultural biodiversity, social ecological systems and sustainable diets. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 73, 498-508.
[2]	Cai J, Yu WB, Zhang T, Wang H, Li DZ (2019) China’s biodiversity hotspots revisited: A treasure chest for plants. PhytoKeys, 130, 1-24. URL PMID
[3]	CEPF (Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund) (2020) The biodiversity hotspots. https://www.cepf.net/our-work/ biodiversity-hotspots/hotspots-defined. ( accessed on 2020-04-09)
[4]	Chen XR (2019) How to protect so many firsts in Yunnan. China Ecological Civilization, (2), 44-46. (in Chinese)
	[ 陈勋儒 (2019) 云南如何保护了那么多第一. 中国生态文明, (2), 44-46.]
[5]	Chen Y (2019) The significance and value of the Regulations on Biodiversity Protection in Yunnan. Socialist Forum, (1), 50-51. (in Chinese)
	[ 陈悦 (2019) 《云南省生物多样性保护条例》的意义和价值. 社会主义论坛, (1), 50-51.]
[6]	Feng JM, Zhu YY (2010) On the genera of seed plants endemic to China in Yunnan. Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 19, 621-625. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 冯建孟, 朱有勇 (2010) 云南地区中国种子植物特有属的研究. 生态环境学报, 19, 621-625.]
[7]	Frison EA, Cherfas J, Hodgkin T (2011) Agricultural biodiversity is essential for a sustainable improvement in food and nutrition security. Sustainability, 3, 238-253.
[8]	Gao ZW (2018) Pioneering in local legislation to protect China’s biodiversity resource—A brief analysis of Biodiversity Conservation Regulation of Yunnan Province. Environmental Protection, 46(23), 12-15. (in Chinese)
	[ 高正文 (2018) 开创地方立法先河, 保护我国生物多样性宝库:《云南省生物多样性保护条例》解析. 环境保护, 46(23), 12-15.]
[9]	Jiang ZG (2016) Assessing the surviving status of vertebrates in China. Biodiversity Science, 24, 495-499. (in Chinese)
	[ 蒋志刚 (2016) 中国脊椎动物生存现状研究. 生物多样性, 24, 495-499.]
[10]	Jiang ZG, Ma KP (2017) The state’s will, scientific decision and citizen participation: In memory of the first provincial species red list in China. Biodiversity Science, 25, 794-795. (in Chinese)
	[ 蒋志刚, 马克平 (2017) 中国生物多样性保护的国家意志、科学决策和公众参与: 第一份省域物种红色名录研究. 生物多样性, 25, 794-795.]
[11]	Li RW, Zhang HD, Yang QP (2001) On the genera and families of spermatophyte endemic to China in Sichuan region. Journal of Wuhan Botanical Research, 19, 113-120. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 李仁伟, 张宏达, 杨清培 (2001) 四川分布的中国种子植物特有科属研究. 武汉植物研究, 19, 113-120.]
[12]	Liu DM, Li JS, Xiao NW (2018) Protection and sustainable utilization of biogenetic resources under the Belt and Road initiative in Yunnan Province. Environment and Sustainable Development, 43(5), 108-111. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 刘冬梅, 李俊生, 肖能文 (2018) “一带一路”倡议下云南生物遗传资源保护与可持续利用. 环境与可持续发展, 43(5), 108-111.]
[13]	Liu DM, Shi JP, Li JS, Xiao NW (2017) Biodiversity conservation measures under the “ecological security barrier” strategy in Yunnan Province. Environment and Sustainable Development, 42(6), 26-29. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 刘冬梅, 施济普, 李俊生, 肖能文 (2017) 西南生态安全屏障战略视阈下云南生物多样性保护对策. 环境与可持续发展, 42(6), 26-29.]
[14]	Liu WJ, Xu J, Geng YJ, Tian Y, Yin SL (2018) Progress in negotiations on the Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework and suggestions for the Chinese government. Biodiversity Science, 26, 1358-1364. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 刘文静, 徐靖, 耿宜佳, 田瑜, 银森录 (2018) “2020年后全球生物多样性框架”的谈判进展以及对我国的建议. 生物多样性, 26, 1358-1364.]
[15]	Long CL, Pei SJ (2003) Culture diversity promotes conservation and application of biological diversity. Acta Botanica Yunnanica, 25(Suppl. XIV), 11-22. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 龙春林, 裴盛基 (2003) 文化多样性促进生物多样性的保护与利用. 云南植物研究, 25(增刊XIV), 11-22.]
[16]	Ma KP (2011) Strategic targets for biodiversity conservation in 2011-2020. Biodiversity Science, 19, 1-2. (in Chinese)
	[ 马克平 (2011) 未来十年的生物多样性保护目标. 生物多样性, 19, 1-2.]
[17]	Management Division of Wildlife Protection and Nature Reserve, Yunnan Forestry Department (2016) Never let a species extinct—Action of species with extremely small populations are rescued in Yunnan. Yunnan Forestry, 37(2), 24-28. (in Chinese)
	[ 云南省林业厅野生动植物保护与自然保护区管理处 (2016) 绝不让一个物种消亡——云南极小种群物种拯救在行动. 云南林业, 37(2), 24-28.]
[18]	Mckinnon MC, Cheng SH, Dupre S, Edmond J, Garside R, Glew L, Holland MB, Levine E, Masuda YJ, Miller DC, Oliveira I, Revenaz J, Roe D, Shamer S, Wilkie D, Wongbusarakum S, Woodhouse E (2016) What are the effects of nature conservation on human well-being? A systematic map of empirical evidence from developing countries. Environmental Evidence, 5, 1-25.
[19]	Meek MH, Wells C, Tomalty KM, Ashander J, Cole EM, Gille DA, Putman BJ, Rose JP, Savoca MS, Yamane L, Hull JM, Rogers DL, Rosenblum EB, Shogren JF, Swaisgood RR, May B (2015) Fear of failure in conservation: The problem and potential solutions to aid conservation of extremely small populations. Biological Conservation, 184, 209-217.
[20]	Pei SJ (2011) Traditional culture and biodiversity conservation. Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 26, 190-196. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 裴盛基 (2011) 民族文化与生物多样性保护. 中国科学院院刊, 26, 190-196.]
[21]	Ren ZZ (2018) Exploration and practice of national park in Yunnan. Forestry Construction, (5), 54-57. (in Chinese)
	[ 任治忠 (2018) 云南国家公园的探索与实践. 林业建设, (5), 54-57.]
[22]	Schwartz KR, Parsons ECM, Rockwood L, Wood TC (2017) Integrating in-situ and ex-situ data management processes for biodiversity conservation. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, 5, 1-7.
[23]	Sun WB (2013) Conserving Plant Species with Extremely Small Populations (PSESP) in Yunnan: Practices and Exploration. Yunnan Science and Technology Press, Kunming. (in Chinese)
	[ 孙卫邦 (2013) 云南省极小种群野生植物保护实践与探索. 云南科技出版社, 昆明.]
[24]	Sun WB (2016) Words from the Guest Editor-in-Chief. Plant Diversity, 38, 207-208. DOI URL PMID
[25]	Sun WB, Ma YP, Blackmore S (2019) How a new conservation action concept has accelerated plant conservation in China. Trends in Plant Science, 24, 4-6.
[26]	Sun WB, Yang J, Dao ZL (2019) Study and Conservation of Plant Species with Extremely Small Populations (PSESP) in Yunnan Province, China. Science Press, Beijing. (in Chinese)
	[ 孙卫邦, 杨静, 刀志灵 (2019) 云南省极小种群野生植物研究与保护. 科学出版社, 北京.]
[27]	Tang XP, Jiang YF, Liu ZL, Chen JZ, Liang BK, Lin C (2019) Top-level design of the natural protected area system in China. Forest Resources Management, (3), 1-7. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 唐小平, 蒋亚芳, 刘增力, 陈君帜, 梁兵宽, 蔺琛 (2019) 中国自然保护地体系的顶层设计. 林业资源管理, (3), 1-7.]
[28]	Tian XY, Chen WH, Yang SX, Hua CL, Zheng JX, Shui YM (2015) A comparison of national key protected wild vascular plants in SE Yunnan and NW Yunnan. Plant Diversity and Resources, 37, 113-128. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 田祥宇, 陈文红, 杨世雄, 华朝朗, 郑进烜, 税玉民 (2015) 滇东南和滇西北国家重点保护野生维管植物比较分析. 植物分类与资源学报, 37, 113-128.]
[29]	Wang CY, Yang B, He ZR, Wang HB (2012) Analysis on the geographical distribution characteristics of Angiopteridaceae and its causes in Yungui Plateau and Hengduan Mountains, China. Plant Diversity and Resources, 34, 317-325. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 王崇云, 杨斌, 和兆荣, 王浩波 (2012) 云贵高原及横断山区莲座蕨科植物地理分布特征及其格局成因初探. 植物分类与资源学报, 34, 317-325.]
[30]	Wang JH, Yang SR (2009) Study on Local Legislation System. Sichuan People’s Publishing House, Chengdu. (in Chinese)
	[ 王建华, 杨树人 (2009) 地方立法制度研究. 四川人民出版社, 成都.]
[31]	Wang LS, Jia Y, Zhang XC, Qin HN (2015) Overview of higher plant diversity in China. Biodiversity Science, 23, 217-224. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 王利松, 贾渝, 张宪春, 覃海宁 (2015) 中国高等植物多样性. 生物多样性, 23, 217-224.]
[32]	Wang Y, Yu CY, Yang D, Yang GW, Zheng JX, Cai WJ (2018) Study on conservation gap of natural reserves in Yunnan Province. Forestry Inventory and Planning, 43(4), 55-58, 62. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 王勇, 余昌元, 杨东, 杨国伟, 郑进烜, 蔡文婧 (2018) 云南省自然保护区保护空缺分析. 林业调查规划, 43(4), 55-58, 62.]
[33]	Wu JY, Peng H, Jiang XL, Xue DY, Du F, Han LX, Yang ZL, Shui YM, Liu PG, Yang XJ, Jiang WG, Wang YH, Zhao FW, Dai R (2016) An inventory of county-level biodiversity in Northwest Yunnan. Biodiversity Science, 24, 1414-1420. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 武建勇, 彭华, 蒋学龙, 薛达元, 杜凡, 韩联宪, 杨祝良, 税玉民, 刘培贵, 杨晓君, 江望高, 王跃华, 赵富伟, 戴蓉 (2016) 滇西北县域生物多样性本底调查与评估. 生物多样性, 24, 1414-1420.]
[34]	Wu JY, Xue DY, Zhao FW, Wang YJ (2013) Progress of the study on investigation and conservation of biodiversity in China. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 29, 146-151. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 武建勇, 薛达元, 赵富伟, 王艳杰 (2013) 中国生物多样性调查与保护研究进展. 生态与农村环境学报, 29, 146-151.]
[35]	Wu ZY, Sun H, Zhou ZK, Peng H, Li DZ (2005) Origin and differentiation of endemism in the flora of China. Acta Botanica Yunnanica, 27, 577-604. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 吴征镒, 孙航, 周浙昆, 彭华, 李德铢 (2005) 中国植物区系中的特有性及其起源和分化. 云南植物研究, 27, 577-604.]
[36]	Wu ZY, Sun H, Zhou ZK, Li DZ, Peng H (2011) Floristics of Seed Plants from China. Science Press, Beijing. (in Chinese)
	[ 吴征镒, 孙航, 周浙昆, 李德铢, 彭华 (2011) 中国种子植物区系地理. 科学出版社, 北京.]
[37]	Xue DY, Guo L (2009) On concepts and protection of traditional knowledge. Biodiversity Science, 17, 135-142. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 薛达元, 郭泺 (2009) 论传统知识的概念与保护. 生物多样性, 17, 135-142.]
[38]	Xue DY, Wu JY, Zhao FW, Dai R (2015) Evaluation demonstration study on inventory of county-level biodiversity. China Science and Technology Achievements, 16(13), 30-31. (in Chinese)
	[ 薛达元, 武建勇, 赵富伟, 戴蓉 (2015) 县域生物多样性本底调查与评估示范研究. 中国科技成果, 16(13), 30-31.]
[39]	Xue DY, Zhang YY (2019) Achievement and outlook of biodiversity conservation in China. Environmental Protection, 47(17), 38-42. (in Chinese)
	[ 薛达元, 张渊媛 (2019) 中国生物多样性保护成效与展望. 环境保护, 47(17), 38-42.]
[40]	Yang J, Cai L, Liu DT, Chen G, Joachim G, Sun WB (2020) China’s conservation program on Plant Species with Extremely Small Populations (PSESP): Progress and perspectives. Biological Conservation, 244, 108535.
[41]	Yang LX, Pei SJ, Zhang Y (2019) Action research on Tibetan sacred nature sites (SNS) conservation in Tibetan community in NW Yunnan. Biodiversity Science, 27, 749-757. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 杨立新, 裴盛基, 张宇 (2019) 滇西北藏区自然圣境与传统文化驱动下的生物多样性保护. 生物多样性, 27, 749-757.]
[42]	Yang WZ, Xiang ZY, Zhang SS, Kang HM, Shi FQ (2015) Plant species with extremely small populations (PSESP) and their significance in China’s national plant conservation strategy. Biodiversity Science, 23, 419-425. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 杨文忠, 向振勇, 张珊珊, 康洪梅, 史富强 (2015) 极小种群野生植物的概念及其对我国野生植物保护的影响. 生物多样性, 23, 419-425.]
[43]	Yang YM, Tian K, Hao JM, Pei SJ, Yang YX (2004) Biodiversity and biodiversity conservation in Yunnan, China. Biodiversity and Conservation, 13, 813-826. DOI URL
[44]	Yang YM, Wang J, Li HM (2017) Study on Biodiversity Conservation Strategy and Action Plan of Yunnan Province. Science Press, Beijing. (in Chinese)
	[ 杨宇明, 王娟, 李昊民 (2017) 云南省生物多样性保护战略与行动计划研究. 科学出版社, 北京.]
[45]	Ye X (2018) Yunnan observed the ecological red line strictly and become the most beautiful province in China. Creation, (7), 66-69. (in Chinese)
	[ 叶玺 (2018) 云南: 严守生态红线, 做中国最美省份. 创造, (7), 66-69.]
[46]	Yin SL, Li JS (2019) Actively implementing the CBD and strengthening biodiversity protection. China Environment, (6), 20-23. (in Chinese)
	[ 银森录, 李俊生 (2019) 积极履约, 加强生物多样性保护. 中华环境, (6), 20-23.]
[47]	Yuan H, Zhang YB, Qin HN, Liu Y, Yu M (2009) The in situ conservation of state key protected wild plants in national nature reserves in China. Biodiversity Science, 17, 280-287. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 苑虎, 张殷波, 覃海宁, 刘燕, 喻梅 (2009) 中国国家重点保护野生植物的就地保护现状. 生物多样性, 17, 280-287.]
[48]	Zang CX, Cai L, Li JQ, Wu XP, Li XG, Li JS (2016) Preparation of the China Biodiversity Red List and its significance for biodiversity conservation within China. Biodiversity Science, 24, 610-614. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 臧春鑫, 蔡蕾, 李佳琦, 吴晓莆, 李晓光, 李俊生 (2016) 《中国生物多样性红色名录》的制定及其对生物多样性保护的意义. 生物多样性, 24, 610-614.]
[49]	Zang RG (2020) Research progress in Wild Plant with Extremely Small Populations in China. Biodiversity Science, 28, 263-268. (in Chinese)
	[ 臧润国 (2020) 中国极小种群野生植物保护研究进展. 生物多样性, 28, 263-268.]
[50]	Zhang LR, Wang XH, Li RX, Meng R (2019) Biodiversity conservation for poverty reduction: Models and cases. China Environment, (6), 24-26. (in Chinese)
	[ 张丽荣, 王夏晖, 李若溪, 孟锐 (2019) 生物多样性保护助力减贫: 实践模式与案例. 中华环境, (6), 24-26.]
[51]	Zhang MG, Zhou ZK, Chen WY, Slik JWF, Cannon CH, Raes N (2012) Using species distribution modeling to improve conservation and land use planning of Yunnan, China. Biological Conservation, 153, 257-264.
[52]	Zheng DS, Gao AN, Li LH, Liu X (2013a) Wild relatives of agricultural crop in Yunnan Province and its peripheral area. Journal of Plant Genetic Resources, 14, 193-201. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 郑殿升, 高爱农, 李立会, 刘旭 (2013a) 云南及周边地区农作物野生近缘植物. 植物遗传资源学报, 14, 193-201.]
[53]	Zheng DS, Li XX, Chen SC, Gao AN, Li LH, Liu X (2013b) Resources of wild vegetable and wild fruit in Yunnan Province and its peripheral area. Journal of Plant Genetic Resources, 14, 985-990. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 郑殿升, 李锡香, 陈善春, 高爱农, 李立会, 刘旭 (2013b) 云南及周边地区野菜和野果资源. 植物遗传资源学报, 14, 985-990.]
[54]	Zhu H (2018) Origin and evolution of the flora of Yunnan. Plant Science Journal, 36, 32-37. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 朱华 (2018) 云南植物区系的起源与演化. 植物科学学报, 36, 32-37.]

类群 Category		云南省种数^①Species in Yunnan^①	中国种数^② Species in China^②	占比 Proportion (%)
脊椎动物 Vertebrate	哺乳类 Mammals	313	673	46.5
	鸟类 Birds	945	1,372	68.9
	两栖类 Amphibians	189	408	46.3
	爬行类 Reptiles	209	461	45.3
	鱼类 Fish	617	1,443	42.8
	总计 Total	2,273	4,357	52.2
高等植物 Higher plant	被子植物 Angiosperm	15,969	29,716	53.7
	裸子植物 Gymnosperm	127	227	55.9
	蕨类植物 Pteridophyte	1,363	2,124	64.2
	苔藓植物 Bryophyte	1,906	3,045	62.6
	总计 Total	19,365	35,112	55.2

类群 Category		云南省种数^①Species in Yunnan^①	中国种数^② Species in China^②	占比 Proportion (%)
脊椎动物 Vertebrate	哺乳类 Mammals	313	673	46.5
	鸟类 Birds	945	1,372	68.9
	两栖类 Amphibians	189	408	46.3
	爬行类 Reptiles	209	461	45.3
	鱼类 Fish	617	1,443	42.8
	总计 Total	2,273	4,357	52.2
高等植物 Higher plant	被子植物 Angiosperm	15,969	29,716	53.7
	裸子植物 Gymnosperm	127	227	55.9
	蕨类植物 Pteridophyte	1,363	2,124	64.2
	苔藓植物 Bryophyte	1,906	3,045	62.6
	总计 Total	19,365	35,112	55.2

类群 Biological group		Ⅰ级保护 First class protected species	Ⅱ级保护 Second class protected species
野生植物 Wild plants	裸子植物 Gymnosperm	28	12
	被子植物 Angiosperm	14	72
	大型真菌 Macrofungi	-	2
	蕨类植物 Pteridophyte	3	22
	总计 Total	45	108
脊椎动物Vertebrates	鱼类 Fish	2	4
	两栖、爬行类 Amphibians and Reptiles	3	9
	鸟类 Birds	26	145
	哺乳类 Mammals	29	24
	总计 Total	60	182

类群 Biological group		Ⅰ级保护 First class protected species	Ⅱ级保护 Second class protected species
野生植物 Wild plants	裸子植物 Gymnosperm	28	12
	被子植物 Angiosperm	14	72
	大型真菌 Macrofungi	-	2
	蕨类植物 Pteridophyte	3	22
	总计 Total	45	108
脊椎动物Vertebrates	鱼类 Fish	2	4
	两栖、爬行类 Amphibians and Reptiles	3	9
	鸟类 Birds	26	145
	哺乳类 Mammals	29	24
	总计 Total	60	182

类别 Category	主要保护类型 Protection type	合计 Total		国家级 National level		省级 Provincial level		州市级 City level		县区级 County level
类别 Category	主要保护类型 Protection type	数量 Number (%)	面积 Area (ha)(%)	数量 Number	面积 Area (ha)	数量 Number	面积 Area (ha)	数量 Number	面积 Area (ha)	数量 Number	面积 Area (ha)
自然生态系统 Natural ecosystems	森林生态系统 Forest ecosystem	111 (68.9)	2,525,859 (88.3)	16	1,346,861	22	599,961	39	371,380	34	207,656
自然生态系统 Natural ecosystems	内陆湿地 Inland wetlands	12 (7.5)	141,528 (4.9)	1	79,700	5	47,525	2	1,200	4	13,103
野生生物 Wildlife	野生动物 Wild animal	19 (11.8)	104,675 (3.7)	4	83,133	4	12,218	9	8,099	2	1,224
野生生物 Wildlife	野生植物 Wild plants	10 (6.2)	70,174 (2.5)	0	0	4	15,771	2	50,202	4	4,200
自然遗迹 Natural sites	地质遗迹 Geological relic	7 (4.3)	15,315 (0.5)	0	0	2	5,290	3	3,292	2	6,733
自然遗迹 Natural sites	古生物遗迹 Paleontological remains	2 (1.2)	2,800 (0.1)	0	0	1	1,800	1	1,000	0	0
合计 Total		161	2,860,351	21	1,509,695	38	682,565	56	435,173	46	232,916

云南省生物多样性保护进展、成效与前瞻

Progress, achievements and prospects of biodiversity protection in Yunnan Province

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

补充材料

可视化

被引次数

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 4

参考文献 54

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	蔡颖莉, 朱洪革, 李家欣. 中国生物多样性保护政策演进、主要措施与发展趋势[J]. 生物多样性, 2024, 32(5): 23386-.
[2]	鄢德奎. 中国生物多样性保护政策的共同要素、不足和优化建议[J]. 生物多样性, 2024, 32(5): 23293-.
[3]	刘荆州, 钱易鑫, 张燕雪丹, 崔凤. 基于潜在迪利克雷分布(LDA)模型的旗舰物种范式研究进展与启示[J]. 生物多样性, 2024, 32(4): 23439-.
[4]	刘海鸥, 杜乐山, 刘文慧, 李子圆, 潘丽波, 刘蕾. 全球生物多样性框架基金管理政策分析与启示[J]. 生物多样性, 2024, 32(3): 23334-.
[5]	陶斯琦, 杨飞龄, 华朝朗, 武瑞东. 通过综合受威胁状态和保护价值评估云南省自然植被的保护优先性[J]. 生物多样性, 2024, 32(3): 23324-.
[6]	韩丽霞, 王永健, 刘宣. 外来物种入侵与本土物种分布区扩张的异同[J]. 生物多样性, 2024, 32(1): 23396-.
[7]	杜红. “物种”与“个体”: 究竟谁是生物多样性保护的恰当对象?[J]. 生物多样性, 2023, 31(8): 23140-.
[8]	苏荣菲, 陈睿山, 郭晓娜. 城市社区更新中生物多样性的保护策略: 以上海市长宁区生境花园为例[J]. 生物多样性, 2023, 31(7): 23118-.
[9]	冯莉. 国际法视野下生物多样性和气候变化的协同治理[J]. 生物多样性, 2023, 31(7): 23110-.
[10]	陈声文, 任海保, 童光蓉, 王宁宁, 蓝文超, 薛建华, 米湘成. 钱江源国家公园木本植物物种多样性空间分布格局[J]. 生物多样性, 2023, 31(7): 22587-.
[11]	董庆栋, 陈超男, 李艳红, 赵体侠, 孙梓欣, 张哲, 朱连奇. 基于NPP和人类扰动指数评估河南伏牛山地区国家级自然保护区群保护成效与溢出/泄漏效应[J]. 生物多样性, 2023, 31(5): 22503-.
[12]	雍李明, 张语克, 赵丽媛, 曾千慧, 林龙山, 高旻昊, 程昊, 王先艳. 中华白海豚生态学研究进展[J]. 生物多样性, 2023, 31(5): 22670-.
[13]	耿宜佳, 李子圆, 田瑜. 《生物多样性公约》下海洋生物多样性保护的进展、挑战和展望[J]. 生物多样性, 2023, 31(4): 22645-.
[14]	徐靖, 王金洲. 《昆明-蒙特利尔全球生物多样性框架》主要内容及其影响[J]. 生物多样性, 2023, 31(4): 23020-.
[15]	章嫡妮, 王蕾, 卢晓强, 王长永, 刘燕. 《生物多样性公约》及其议定书下“能力建设与发展”议题的磋商、挑战及政策建议[J]. 生物多样性, 2023, 31(4): 22588-.