刈割强度对大针茅草原地上生物量时间稳定性的影响

doi:10.17520/biods.2019405

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在草地刈割过程中, 群落地上生物量的时间稳定性与物种多样性及物种异步性关系密切。本文基于2014-2018年的野外刈割实验, 研究了围封(对照, 无刈割)、轻度(留茬8 cm)、中度(留茬5 cm)和重度(留茬2 cm)等不同刈割强度对内蒙古大针茅(Stipa grandis)典型草原地上生物量时间稳定性的影响。结果表明: (1)与围封相比, 刈割对群落时间稳定性无显著影响, 但对种群平均时间稳定性影响显著, 重度刈割处理的种群平均时间稳定性显著降低; 且种群平均时间稳定性与群落时间稳定性无显著相关关系, 表明这二者独立波动。(2)与围封相比, 重度刈割处理的物种丰富度显著降低, 但它与群落时间稳定性无显著相关关系, 表明物种丰富度不是群落地上生物量时间稳定性的主导因素; 此外, 重度刈割处理的群落抵抗力显著降低, 但也与群落时间稳定性无显著相关关系。(3)异步性与群落稳定性存在极显著正相关关系, 但刈割对异步性无显著影响, 故未造成群落稳定性显著变化。因此, 异步性可能是影响群落时间稳定性的主导效应之一, 在草地管理与利用过程中, 可从物种异步性角度来对草地稳定性进行评价。

关键词: 时间稳定性, 异步性, 功能群, 刈割, 留茬高度, 抵抗力

Abstract

We conducted a mowing experiment between 2014 and 2018 to test the effects of different mowing intensity on the temporal stability of aboveground biomass in the Stipa grandis typical steppe in Inner Mongolia. Four mowing treatments were tested: enclosure (CK, no mowing), light mowing (stubble 8 cm), moderate mowing (stubble 5 cm) and heavy mowing (stubble 2 cm). We found that mowing had no significant effect on the temporal stability of the community compared with the enclosure, but it had a significant impact on the mean temporal stability of species. Under heavy mowing the mean temporal stability of species significantly decreased, and there was no significant correlation between the mean temporal stability of species and the temporal stability of community, indicating that these fluctuated independently. Compared with the enclosure (CK), species richness under heavy mowing reduced significantly, but had no significant correlation with community temporal stability, indicating that species richness was not the dominant factor in the temporal stability of community. In addition, the community resistance reduced significantly under heavy mowing but it also had no significant correlation with the temporal stability of the community. We found that there was a very significantly positive correlation between asynchrony and community temporal stability, but that mowing had no significant effect on asynchrony, so it did not cause significant changes in community stability. Therefore, asynchrony may be one of the dominant effects on the temporal stability of the community. In the process of grassland management and utilization, the stability of grassland could be evaluated from the perspective of species asynchrony.

Key words: temporal stability, asynchrony, functional groups, mowing, stubble height, resistance

张峰, 郑佳华, 赵萌莉, 陈大岭, 杨阳, 乔荠瑢, 赵天启 (2020) 刈割强度对大针茅草原地上生物量时间稳定性的影响. 生物多样性, 28, 779-786. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2019405.

Feng Zhang, Jiahua Zheng, Mengli Zhao, Daling Chen, Yang Yang, Jirong Qiao, Tianqi Zhao (2020) Effects of mowing intensity on temporal stability of aboveground biomass in the Stipa grandis steppe. Biodiversity Science, 28, 779-786. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2019405.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2019405

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2020/V28/I7/779

图/表 4

图1 不同刈割强度下优势物种(A)及功能群(B)地上生物量的比例。CK: 对照, 围封不刈割; LM: 轻度刈割; MM: 中度刈割; HM: 重度刈割。不同字母表示差异显著; NS: 不显著。

Fig. 1 Aboveground biomass ratio of dominant species (A) and functional groups (B) to total aboveground biomass under different mowing intensity. CK, Control, enclosure and not mowing; LM, Light mowing; MM, Moderate mowing; HM, Heavy mowing. Different letters indicate significant difference; NS, Not significant.

图2 不同刈割强度下群落(A)、功能群(B-F)及优势物种(G-J)地上生物量的时间稳定性(n = 9)。CK: 对照, 围封不刈割; LM: 轻度刈割; MM: 中度刈割; HM: 重度刈割; NS: 不显著。

Fig. 2 Temporal stability of community (A), functional groups (B-F), and dominant species (G-J) aboveground biomass under different mowing intensity (n = 9). CK, Control, enclosure and not mowing; LM, Light mowing; MM, Moderate mowing; HM, Heavy mowing; NS, Not significant.

图3 不同刈割强度下异步性(A)、群落抵抗力(B)、物种平均时间稳定性(C)和物种丰富度(D)。CK: 对照, 围封不刈割; LM: 轻度刈割; MM: 中度刈割; HM: 重度刈割。不同字母表示差异显著(n = 9); NS: 不显著。

Fig. 3 Asynchrony (A), community resistance (B), mean temporal stability of species (C), and species richness (D) under different mowing intensity. CK, Control, enclosure and not mowing; LM, Light mowing; MM, Moderate mowing; HM, Heavy mowing. Different letters indicate significant difference (n = 9); NS: Not significant.

图4 异步性(A)、群落抵抗力(B)、种群平均时间稳定性(C)及物种丰富度(D)与群落时间稳定性间的关系(n = 36)

Fig. 4 Relationships of community temporal stability with asynchrony (A), community resistance (B), species mean temporal stability (C), and species richness (D) (n = 36)

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