生物多样性 ›› 2016, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (4): 462-474.  DOI: 10.17520/biods.2015251

所属专题: 中国西南干旱河谷的植物多样性

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

云南干热河谷植被与环境研究进展

杨济达1, 张志明1, 沈泽昊2, 欧晓昆1,*(), 耿宇鹏1, 杨明玉1   

  1. 1 云南大学生态学与地植物学研究所, 昆明 650091。
    2 北京大学城市与环境学院生态学系, 地表过程分析与模拟教育部重点实验室, 北京 100871
  • 收稿日期:2015-09-18 接受日期:2016-04-26 出版日期:2016-04-20 发布日期:2016-05-11
  • 通讯作者: 欧晓昆
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金“退耕还林和村村通公路影响下山地植被景观“格局-过程”关系研究”(41361046)、国家自然科学基金“云南三江并流地区海拔树线的时空格局成因及其对气候变化的响应”(41371190)和国家自然科学基金“水热梯度变化对澜沧江河谷群落谱系结构的影响: 基于“胁迫梯度假说”的比较”(31160101)

Review of research on the vegetation and environment of dry-hot valleys in Yunnan

Jida Yang1, Zhiming Zhang1, Zehao Shen2, Xiaokun Ou1,*(), Yupeng Geng1, Mingyu Yang1   

  1. 1 Instutute of Ecology and Geobotany, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091.
    2 Department of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871
  • Received:2015-09-18 Accepted:2016-04-26 Online:2016-04-20 Published:2016-05-11
  • Contact: Ou Xiaokun

摘要:

特殊的地理位置和独特的地形地貌特征组合形成了典型的干热气候环境, 在云南省亚热带高原山地河谷下部发育了一类特有的植被类型, 即干热河谷植被。干热河谷植被具有非地带性和稀有性, 以及由土地利用变化为主的人为活动干扰导致的脆弱性。本文回顾了干热河谷植被的研究历史, 分别从干热河谷的植物群落学和植物区系学、干热河谷植被与土地的关系以及干热河谷植被保护与恢复三个方面进行了总结。植物群落与区系研究主要集中于群落分类、植被分类、群落特征、人为干扰影响、区系特征、性质和起源; 植被与土地关系研究侧重于土壤特性、土地利用/覆盖变化、土地退化及水土流失状况; 植被保护与恢复的热点在植被恢复目标、植被恢复功能区划、植被恢复引种及筛选及植被恢复效益评价研究。未来在这些区域应注重自然灾害及预防、水电工程建设对植被的影响及其响应等方面的研究, 深入开展大尺度植被时空格局的监测和动态服务功能分析。

关键词: 干热河谷, 植物群落, 植物区系, 土地关系, 植被恢复, 展望

Abstract

The vegetation of the dry-hot valleys in southwestern China, especially in Yunnan, is unique as the valley bottom in a subtropical plateau and mountainous region, which is characterized by its geographic location, climate, and geomorphology. A long history of biological adaptation to the specific environmental contributes to the rarity and non-zonality rarity rarity of vegetation in these dry-hot valleys. Disturbances including land use through human activities have endangered some vegetation types in the dry-hot valleys. This paper examines the history of vegetation studies in the dry-hot valleys, and summarizes studies on flora, vegetation and land use and cover change, as well as vegetation restoration. Research of plant communities and flora have mainly focused on the classification of the community and vegetation types, the characteristics of the community, the influence of human disturbance, and the characteristics, nature and origin of the flora. The relationship between vegetation and land has mainly focused on the characteristics of soil, land use/cover change, land degradation and soil erosion. The hot spots of vegetation protection and restoration include the study of vegetation restoration objectives, functional zoning of vegetation restoration, the introduction and selection of vegetation restoration research, and evaluation of the effectiveness of vegetation restoration. We propose that more attention to be paid to the study of the prevention of natural disasters, the impacts of hydropower construction on vegetation, and in-depth vegetation monitoring and analysis of the spatiotemporal dynamics at multiple scales.

Key words: dry-hot valley, plant community, flora, land relationship, vegetation restoration, prospect