抚仙湖和滇池硅藻生物多样性与生产力关系的时间格局

doi:10.17520/biods.2014213

生物多样性 ›› 2015, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (1): 89-100. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2014213 cstr: 32101.14.biods.2014213

• 研究报告: 生态系统多样性 • 上一篇下一篇

抚仙湖和滇池硅藻生物多样性与生产力关系的时间格局

陈小林¹, 陈光杰¹^,^*(), 卢慧斌¹, 刘晓东², 张虎才¹

1 云南师范大学旅游与地理科学学院高原湖泊生态与全球变化重点实验室, 昆明 650500
2 中国科技大学地球与空间学院, 合肥 239000

收稿日期:2014-10-09 接受日期:2014-12-26 出版日期:2015-01-20 发布日期:2015-05-04
通讯作者: 陈光杰
作者简介:E-mail: guangjiechen@gmail.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(41171048);国家自然科学基金项目(U1133601);教育部科学技术研究项目(213034A);云南省中青年学术技术带头人培养计划(2012HB012);云南省创新团队(2011C1);云南省高端人才项目(2010CI111)

Long-term diatom biodiversity responses to productivity in lakes of Fuxian and Dianchi

Xiaolin Chen¹, Guangjie Chen¹^,^*(), Huibin Lu¹, Xiaodong Liu², Hucai Zhang¹

1 Key Laboratory of Plateau Lake Ecology & Global Change, School of Tourism & Geography, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500
2 School of Earth and Space Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 239000

Received:2014-10-09 Accepted:2014-12-26 Online:2015-01-20 Published:2015-05-04
Contact: Guangjie Chen

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目前国内对生产力-生物多样性关系(productivity-diversity relationship, PDR)的研究主要集中于陆地生态系统和空间尺度, 少量关于湖泊系统的研究也主要集中于现代调查, 缺乏较长时间尺度上的模式探讨。本文应用沉积物色素记录重建了抚仙湖和滇池初级生产力变化历史, 对硅藻群落的主成分分析(PCA)表明两个湖泊的初级生产力都是驱动硅藻群落变化的主要环境梯度。进一步分析硅藻群落α与β多样性响应湖泊生产力水平的模式, 发现滇池硅藻群落表现为随着系统生产力的上升物种丰富度减少, β多样性降低, 而抚仙湖呈现相反的变化模式。两个湖泊β多样性与生产力平均水平的关系均表现出与α多样性相似的特征, 但在与生产力变化幅度的关系上, 滇池表现出显著的负相关, 而抚仙湖则没有显著的变化。滇池硅藻群落生产力随硅藻多样性的降低显著增加(R ² = 0.597, P < 0.01), 而在抚仙湖无显著变化, 表明了滇池群落多样性的维持对群落生产力的影响较弱, 如与营养盐富集的促进作用相比。滇池明显的富营养化过程与强烈的人类扰动带来的环境异质性降低可能对群落多样性-生产力的关系产生了明显的控制作用。

关键词: 云南湖泊, 硅藻, 时间尺度, 沉积物色素, 富营养化, 生物多样性

Abstract

To date, productivity-diversity relationships (PDR) in terrestrial ecosystems have predominantly been examined across large spatial scales, while freshwater ecosystem studies typically focus on short-term field surveys. Here sediment records are used to examine the long-term patterns of PDR from two large lakes, Fuxian and Dianchi, which are currently oligo-mesotrophic and hyper-eutrophic, respectively. Changes in lake productivity and community structure were reconstructed based on sedimentary pigment concentrations (i.e. Chl-a) and diatom assemblages. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of diatom community data showed that primary productivity was the most significant environmental gradient driving diatom community changes in both lakes. Lake productivity was positively correlated to diatom alpha- and beta-diversity indices in Lake Fuxian but negative in Lake Dianchi. The relationship between the magnitude of productivity change and diatom beta-diversity was significantly negative in Lake Dianchi while no trend was found in Lake Fuxian. There was a significantly negative relationship between diatom species richness and community productivity in Lake Dianchi, suggesting the influence of increased species richness in enhancing community productivity was overridden by human disturbances. Disturbance associated changes in limnological properties not only caused the loss of biodiversity, but also directly promoted diatom production through intensive nutrient enrichment.

Key words: Yunnan lakes, diatoms, temporal scale, sediment pigment, eutrophication, biodiversity

陈小林, 陈光杰, 卢慧斌, 刘晓东, 张虎才 (2015) 抚仙湖和滇池硅藻生物多样性与生产力关系的时间格局. 生物多样性, 23, 89-100. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2014213.

Xiaolin Chen, Guangjie Chen, Huibin Lu, Xiaodong Liu, Hucai Zhang (2015) Long-term diatom biodiversity responses to productivity in lakes of Fuxian and Dianchi. Biodiversity Science, 23, 89-100. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2014213.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2014213

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2015/V23/I1/89

图/表 7

表1 抚仙湖和滇池湖泊学基本特征

Table 1 Summary of key limnological features for Fuxian and Dianchi lakes

湖泊 Lake	水域面积 Surface area (km²)*	最大水深 Maximal depth (m)^#	平均水深 Mean depth (m)^#	pH	总氮 TN (μg/L)	总磷 TP (μg/L)	叶绿素a Chl-a (μg/L)
抚仙湖 Fuxian Lake	216.6	155	89.7	9.0	136.7	10.0	1.4
滇池 Dianchi Lake	298.0	6.5	2.9	9.1	3,548.0	192.0	62.0

图1 抚仙湖与滇池采样点分布图。轮廓图中的黑点表示采样点位置。

Fig. 1 Site maps showing the coring locations at Fuxian Lake and Dianchi Lake. Coring sites are labeled as black circles.

图2 抚仙湖(a)和滇池(b)硅藻群落变化(相对丰度)的时间序列。硅藻地层图仅包括物种相对丰度不低于5%的属种。

Fig. 2 Stratigraphic plots showing sedimentary pigment and diatom community (relative abundance) changes at Fuxian Lake (a) and Dianchi Lake (b). Only diatom taxa with relative abundance not less than 5% were shown.

图3 抚仙湖(a)和滇池(b)硅藻群落的主成分分析(PCA)双图。箭头表示的是硅藻不同的种, 圆圈表示的是样品点。硅藻属种的全称如下：CRHO: Cyclotella rhomboideo-elliptica; CCOM: Cyclotella comta; CSP1: Cyclotella sp.1(主要分类学特征与C. stelligera相似); COCE: Cyclotella ocelata; FCRO: Fragilaria crotonensis; AGRA: Aulacoseira granulate; AAMB: Aulacoseira ambigua; FCON: Fragilaria construens; AMUZ: Aulacoseira amuzzensis; FPIN: Frailaria pinnata; SATM: Stephanodiscus atmosphere; SMIN: Stephanodiscus minutulus; CDUB: Cyclostephanos dubius; ACAN: Aulacoseira canadensis; PLEA: Plerosira leavis。

Fig. 3 PCA biplots of diatom assemblages for Fuxian (a) and Dianchi (b) lakes. Arrows and circles represent dominant diatom taxa and samples, respectively. Full names for the abbreviated diatom taxa are listed above.

图4 抚仙湖(a, b, c)和滇池(d, e, f)中硅藻α多样性3个指标与Chl-a浓度长期变化关系的散点图

Fig. 4 Scatter plots showing the relationships among the three indices of diatom α diversity and sedimentary Chl-a concentrations at Fuxian Lake (a, b, c) and Dianchi Lake (d, e, f), respectively

图5 抚仙湖(a, b)和滇池(c, d)硅藻β多样性指数响应Chl-a平均浓度与变化幅度的散点图

Fig. 5 Scatter plots showing the relationships between diatom β diversity and mean Chl-a levels and magnitude of sedimentary Chl-a changes at Fuxian Lake (a, b) and Dianchi Lake (c, d), respectively

图6 抚仙湖(a)和滇池(b)硅藻物种丰富度与硅藻群落生产力长期关系的散点图

Fig. 6 Scatter plots showing the long-term relationships between diatom species richness and diatoxanthin concentrations at Fuxian Lake (a) and Dianchi Lake (b), respectively

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抚仙湖和滇池硅藻生物多样性与生产力关系的时间格局

Long-term diatom biodiversity responses to productivity in lakes of Fuxian and Dianchi

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