生物多样性 ›› 2016, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (4): 431-439. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2015253
所属专题: 中国西南干旱河谷的植物多样性
张志明1, 沈蕊1, 张建利2, 徐倩1, 罗园3, 遇翘楚1, 张秋霞1, 欧晓昆1,*()
收稿日期:
2015-09-18
接受日期:
2016-04-29
出版日期:
2016-04-20
发布日期:
2016-05-11
通讯作者:
欧晓昆
基金资助:
Zhiming Zhang1, Rui Shen1, Jianli Zhang2, Qian Xu1, Yuan Luo3, Qiaochu Yu1, Qiuxia Zhang1, Xiaokun Ou1,*()
Received:
2015-09-18
Accepted:
2016-04-29
Online:
2016-04-20
Published:
2016-05-11
Contact:
Ou Xiaokun
摘要:
土壤种子库与地上植被之间的关系和相似性是长期争议的群落生态学问题之一。本研究旨在通过比较元江流域干热河谷典型灌草丛群落与其土壤种子库的物种组成, 探讨土壤种子库与地上植物群落存在怎样的相似性关系。在元江干热河谷上、中、下游选取典型灌草丛群落, 采用典型样地调查法进行植物群落调查, 同时在样方内采集0-5 cm、5-10 cm、10-15 cm三层土壤样品, 采用萌发实验研究土壤种子库的种子数量和物种组成, 并与地上植物群落进行比较。结果表明: (1)全部调查样方的地上植被中共包含种子植物76种, 隶属于25科64属, 主要集中在豆科、禾本科、菊科、大戟科, 群落物种组成以多年生草本为主、灌木为辅; (2)土壤种子库中共发现33种植物, 隶属于14科32属, 以旱生型禾本科、豆科、菊科物种为主; (3)土壤种子库中的植物种子密度在表层土壤中最高, 随着土层的加深而递减; (4)各样方的土壤种子库与地上群落共有物种数较少, 相似性较低; 土壤种子库密度与地上群落的种群密度没有显著的相关性。总体而言, 本研究发现元江流域干热河谷典型灌草丛群落其土壤种子库与地上群落之间没有显著的相关性, 并且地上群落和土壤种子库都有外来入侵种类。
张志明, 沈蕊, 张建利, 徐倩, 罗园, 遇翘楚, 张秋霞, 欧晓昆 (2016) 元江流域干热河谷灌草丛土壤种子库与地上植物群落的物种组成比较. 生物多样性, 24, 431-439. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2015253.
Zhiming Zhang,Rui Shen,Jianli Zhang,Qian Xu,Yuan Luo,Qiaochu Yu,Qiuxia Zhang,Xiaokun Ou (2016) Comparisons of species composition between soil seed banks and aboveground plant communities in the dry-hot valley of the Yuanjiang River. Biodiversity Science, 24, 431-439. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2015253.
分层 Layer | 祥云 Xiangyun | 新平 Xinping | 元江 Yuanjiang | 红河 Honghe | 元阳 Yuanyang | Chi-Square x2 | P |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0-5 cm 种子密度百分比 Seed density percentage | 1,313.3±83.8 | 706.7±155.4 | 493.3±116.5 | 420.0±57.1 | 326.7±37.1 | 27.646 | <0.01** |
64.80% | 65.43% | 80.44% | 57.80% | 67.12% | |||
5-10 cm 种子密度百分比 Seed density percentage | 426.7±41.9 | 240.0±52.4 | 100.0±23.9 | 193.3±50.2 | 106.7±33.0 | 26.822 | <0.05* |
21.05% | 22.22% | 16.30% | 26.60% | 21.92% | |||
10-15 cm 种子密度百分比 Seed density percentage | 286.7±60.1 | 133.3±38.6 | 20.0±14.5 | 113.3±35.0 | 53.3±23.6 | 23.616 | <0.05* |
14.15% | 12.35% | 3.26% | 15.60% | 10.96% |
表1 元江干热河谷不同灌草丛群落土壤种子库密度(有活力种子数/m2)和种子密度百分比在不同土壤深度的垂直分布
Table 1 Vertical distribution and percentage of seed bank density (seeds/ m2) at different soil depth in grass and shrub communities in the dry-hot valley of Yuanjiang River
分层 Layer | 祥云 Xiangyun | 新平 Xinping | 元江 Yuanjiang | 红河 Honghe | 元阳 Yuanyang | Chi-Square x2 | P |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0-5 cm 种子密度百分比 Seed density percentage | 1,313.3±83.8 | 706.7±155.4 | 493.3±116.5 | 420.0±57.1 | 326.7±37.1 | 27.646 | <0.01** |
64.80% | 65.43% | 80.44% | 57.80% | 67.12% | |||
5-10 cm 种子密度百分比 Seed density percentage | 426.7±41.9 | 240.0±52.4 | 100.0±23.9 | 193.3±50.2 | 106.7±33.0 | 26.822 | <0.05* |
21.05% | 22.22% | 16.30% | 26.60% | 21.92% | |||
10-15 cm 种子密度百分比 Seed density percentage | 286.7±60.1 | 133.3±38.6 | 20.0±14.5 | 113.3±35.0 | 53.3±23.6 | 23.616 | <0.05* |
14.15% | 12.35% | 3.26% | 15.60% | 10.96% |
祥云 Xiangyun | 新平 Xinping | 元江 Yuanjiang | 红河 Honghe | |
---|---|---|---|---|
新平 Xinping | 0.292 | - | - | - |
元江 Yuanjiang | 0.217 | 0.167 | - | - |
红河 Honghe | 0.292 | 0.200 | 0.400 | - |
元阳 Yuanyang | 0.208 | 0.222 | 0.462 | 0.467 |
表2 元江干热河谷不同样地间土壤种子库的相似性指数
Table 2 Similarity index of soil seed bank among five different plots in the dry-hot valley of Yuan River
祥云 Xiangyun | 新平 Xinping | 元江 Yuanjiang | 红河 Honghe | |
---|---|---|---|---|
新平 Xinping | 0.292 | - | - | - |
元江 Yuanjiang | 0.217 | 0.167 | - | - |
红河 Honghe | 0.292 | 0.200 | 0.400 | - |
元阳 Yuanyang | 0.208 | 0.222 | 0.462 | 0.467 |
样地 Plots | 共有种 No. of common species | 占地上植被种类百分比 % of common species in above- ground communities | 占土壤种子库种类百分比 % % of common specie in seed banks | Jaccard 相似性系数 Jaccard similarity index |
---|---|---|---|---|
祥云 Xiangyun | 7 | 22.58 | 36.84 | 0.163 |
新平 Xinping | 4 | 13.79 | 33.33 | 0.108 |
元江 Yuanjiang | 2 | 11.76 | 22.22 | 0.083 |
红河 Honghe | 5 | 20.00 | 41.67 | 0.156 |
元阳 Yuanyang | 5 | 20.00 | 50.00 | 0.167 |
表3 土壤种子库与地上群落共有种比例以及其相似性系数
Table 3 The common species percentage and similarity index between soil seed banks and vegetation
样地 Plots | 共有种 No. of common species | 占地上植被种类百分比 % of common species in above- ground communities | 占土壤种子库种类百分比 % % of common specie in seed banks | Jaccard 相似性系数 Jaccard similarity index |
---|---|---|---|---|
祥云 Xiangyun | 7 | 22.58 | 36.84 | 0.163 |
新平 Xinping | 4 | 13.79 | 33.33 | 0.108 |
元江 Yuanjiang | 2 | 11.76 | 22.22 | 0.083 |
红河 Honghe | 5 | 20.00 | 41.67 | 0.156 |
元阳 Yuanyang | 5 | 20.00 | 50.00 | 0.167 |
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