网络分析法在动物声音通讯及生物声学研究中的应用与前景

doi:10.17520/biods.2022318

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

动物社会网络分析法(animal social network analysis, ASNA)是一套用于研究动物社会性、量化个体间各种社会关系、揭示个体行为与社会结构动态之间联系的工具, 被广泛应用于多种动物类群的行为学研究。该分析方法所提供的一系列指标也非常适用于探究动物的声音交流及鸣声结构。在此, 本文首先简要介绍了网络分析法的基本概念及一些常用的指标; 然后基于野外和室内研究实例, 阐述了如何利用ASNA建立声音通讯网络、量化声音交流, 以及将ASNA与被动声学监测技术相结合的应用前景; 随后探讨了ASNA在分析鸣声相似性及鸣声地理变异中的优势; 最后概述了ASNA在解析鸣声结构和句法规则中的应用。ASNA为研究动物通讯网络以及声音信号的适应性进化提供了新的视角和新的思路。

关键词: 中心度, 声音通讯网络, 鸣声网络, 鸣声相似性, 鸣声序列, 传递模体

Abstract

Background & Aim: Animal social network analysis (ASNA) is a toolbox used to examine animal sociality, quantify various social relationships between individuals, and uncover links between individual behavior and dynamics of social structures, which is widely used in studies of animal behavior across a variety of taxa. In addition, a series of measurements in ASNA are very suitable for investigating vocal interactions and song structure. Here we reviewed the applications of ASNA in studies of animal vocal communication and bioacoustics.

Progress: Firstly, we introduced a description of basic concepts and some measurements. Secondly, we described the use of ASNA to construct vocal networks and quantify vocal interactions based on field and laboratory studies, and the application prospect of ASNA combined with passive acoustic monitoring technology. Thirdly, we discussed the advantages of ASNA in analyzing song similarity and geographic variation. Finally, we summarized the application of ASNA in the analysis of song structure and syntactical rules.

Conclusion: ASNA provides a comprehensive perspective and new ideas for studying animal communication networks and investigating the adaptive evolution of acoustic signals.

Key words: centrality, vocal communication network, song network, call similarity, vocal sequence, transition motif

邓可, 崔建国 (2023) 网络分析法在动物声音通讯及生物声学研究中的应用与前景. 生物多样性, 31, 22318. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2022318.

Ke Deng, Jianguo Cui (2023) Application and prospect of network analysis in the studies of animal vocal communication and bioacoustics. Biodiversity Science, 31, 22318. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2022318.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2022318

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2023/V31/I1/22318

图/表 4

图1 环尾狐猴(Lemur catta)的理毛网络(A)与声讯网络(B)。圆圈代表雌性, 矩形代表雄性, 节点的大小代表年龄。线段的粗细代表互动频次, 箭头指向的是被理毛或收到鸣叫回应的个体。蓝色实线表示相互理毛或鸣叫回应, 黑色虚线则表示单向的理毛或鸣叫回应。改自Kulahci等(2015)。

Fig. 1 The grooming network (A) and vocal network (B) from a group of ring-tailed lemurs (Lemur catta). Circles represents females and squares represents males. Size of the nodes indicates the age. Thickness of the lines indicates the frequency of the interactions and the arrows indicate the recipient of the grooming or vocal response. Solid (blue) lines visualize reciprocal grooming or vocal responses, while dashed (black) lines indicate nonreciprocal interactions or vocal responses. Adapted from Kulahci et al (2015).

图2 群体大小和组成对鸣叫活动影响的实验装置示意。群体分别由2、4、8只斑胸草雀(Taeniopygia guttata)组成, 每个笼子顶部装有麦克风。配对的雌雄个体被放置于相邻的笼子, 以降低应激性。改自Fernandez等(2017)。

Fig. 2 Graphical representation of the experiment of the impact of group size and composition on vocal activity. Groups of two, four and eight zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata) were formed, with one bird per cage and one microphone on the top of each cage. Pair mates were put in neighboring cages to reduce stress. Adapted from Fernandez et al (2017).

图3 加州弯嘴嘲鸫(Toxostoma redivivum)的一段鸣唱序列。 (A)鸣唱序列的频谱图, 每个短语有特定的数字编号, 黄色圆圈中是其他个体的鸣声。(B)和(C)是基于鸣唱序列建立的无向网络和有向网络, 展示了短语的传递模式(省略了短语的自身传递)。改自Sasahara等(2012)。

Fig. 3 Song fragment from a California thrasher (Toxostoma redivivum) recording. (A) Sound spectrogram of part of a song. Phrases are labeled with their ID numbers. Yellow circles denote background singing of other birds. (B) and (C) are song undirected and directed networks constructed from the song fragment shown in A, which represent transition patterns of phrases (self-transitions are omitted). Adapted from Sasahara et al (2012).

图4 四种传递模体的图示。字母代表不同的鸣声单元, 箭头表示传递方向。(A)单向型; (B)瓶颈型; (C)树枝型; (D)沙漏型。

Fig. 4 Diagrams representing the four types of transition motifs. Letters indicate different acoustic units, and arrows indicate transition direction between units. (A) One-way; (B) Bottleneck; (C) Branch; (D) Hourglass.

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