Edge effect in plantation patches based on moth diversity

doi:10.17520/biods.2023074

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims: Afforestation though patch planting is one of the main ways of plantation construction in China. As a result, a large number of edge environments have emerged between different patches in the forest. The unique characteristics of these edge environments and their effects on biodiversity are worthy of attention. The purpose of this study is to explore its biodiversity performance characteristics.
Methods: This study was based on the four different combinations of tree species, specifically the patches of Populus tomentosa forest and Styphnolobium japonicum forest, Styphnolobium japonicum forest and Koelreuteria paniculata forest, Juniperus chinensis forest and Styphnolobium japonicum forest, Salix matsudana forest and Eucommia ulmoides forest in Beijing Plain. The research selected the moth population in these forests as study objects and analyzed the species number, species composition and diversity of moth using non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS), analysis of similarities (Anosim), and species diversity index. Based on the survey of vegetation characteristic factors, Pearson correlation analysis was used to investigate the relationship between vegetation factors and moth community characteristics.
Results: A total of 4,428 moths were collected, representing 144 species of 24 families. (1) The composition of moth species differed between the edges and the patches, with unique species in the edge accounted for 13.59%-18.32% of the total species in the sample plot. (2) The diversity index of edge species was generally found to be slightly higher than or between that pure forest patches. The dominance index of the edge of Salix matsudana forest and Eucommia ulmoides forest was significantly higher than that of Eucommia ulmoides forest patch, while the Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Margalef richness index were significantly higher than that of Salix matsudana forest patch. Moreover, the Pielou evenness index of the edge was significantly lower than that of Eucommia ulmoides forest patch. (3) The moth Simpson dominance index was found to be negatively correlated with the average height and coverage of vegetation and the number of moth species was positively correlated with the average height and coverage of vegetation. (4) The four types of edge effects were all positive (I_H' > 1), and the edge effect intensity of the edge of Salix matsudana forest and Eucommia ulmoides forest was the lowest (I_C = 0.915185808).
Conclusion: Some certain groups of moths inhabit marginal habitats, which contribute to the higher biodiversity found in patch plantations. The edge effects of paths composed of different tree species exhibit distinct biodiversity characteristics, and there is a possibility of dominant species outbreaks. This study can provide guidance for future subsequent afforestation and stand management.

Key words: moth, edge effect, plantation, biodiversity, patch

Manwei Duan, Xiang Li, Yang Zhou, Minxin Zhao, Xiuling Sun, Bing Han, Gang Zhang, Zihao Quan, Kai Li. Edge effect in plantation patches based on moth diversity[J]. Biodiv Sci, 2023, 31(5): 23074.

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URL: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/10.17520/biods.2023074

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/Y2023/V31/I5/23074

Figures/Tables 11

References 41

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	平均树高 Average tree height (m)	平均胸径 Average diameter at breast height (cm)	株行距 Distance between trees (m)	林下植被高度 Height of understory vegetation (m)	林下植被盖度 Coverage of understory vegetation (%)
毛白杨林 Populus tomentosa forest (mby)	13.53 ± 1.05	20.00 ± 1.63	4 × 4	0.18 ± 0.11	3.00 ± 1.41^b
毛白杨林-国槐林1边缘 Edge of Populus tomentosa forest & Styphnolobium japonicum forest 1 (E_yh)	-	-	-	0.28 ± 0.10	53.89 ± 20.65^a
国槐林1 Styphnolobium japonicum forest 1 (gh1)	9.17 ± 0.62	32.67 ± 2.05	4 × 4	0.31 ± 0.24	48.00 ± 21.02^ab
栾树林 Koelreuteria paniculata forest (ls)	6.83 ± 0.85	17.67 ± 2.05	3.5 × 3.5	0.18 ± 0.19	20.67 ± 24.99^b
栾树林-国槐林2边缘 Edge of Koelreuteria paniculata forest & Styphnolobium japonicum forest 2 (E_lh)	-	-	-	0.28 ± 0.35	50.33 ± 27.19^a
国槐林2 Styphnolobium japonicum forest 2 (gh2)	8.67 ± 0.47	21.33 ± 2.62	4 × 4.5	0.16 ± 0.09	59.22 ± 32.26^a
桧柏林-国槐林2边缘 Edge of Juniperus chinensis forest & Styphnolobium japonicum forest 2 (E_bh)	-	-	-	0.35 ± 0.20	48.78 ± 29.18^a
桧柏林 Juniperus chinensis forest (gb)	3.17 ± 0.24	13.00 ± 2.16	3 × 3	0.28 ± 0.13	64.44 ± 27.33^a
旱柳林 Salix matsudana forest (hl)	12.00 ± 0.82	22.67 ± 2.05	4 × 4	0.35 ± 0.15	61.11 ± 12.86^a
旱柳林-杜仲林边缘 Edge of Salix matsudana forest & Eucommia ulmoides forest (E_hd)	-	-	-	0.19 ± 0.07	51.78 ± 24.89^a
杜仲林 Eucommia ulmoides forest (dz)	8.33 ± 0.47	25.00 ± 4.08	3.5 × 3.5	0.18 ± 0.06	24.22 ± 21.26^b

	平均树高 Average tree height (m)	平均胸径 Average diameter at breast height (cm)	株行距 Distance between trees (m)	林下植被高度 Height of understory vegetation (m)	林下植被盖度 Coverage of understory vegetation (%)
毛白杨林 Populus tomentosa forest (mby)	13.53 ± 1.05	20.00 ± 1.63	4 × 4	0.18 ± 0.11	3.00 ± 1.41^b
毛白杨林-国槐林1边缘 Edge of Populus tomentosa forest & Styphnolobium japonicum forest 1 (E_yh)	-	-	-	0.28 ± 0.10	53.89 ± 20.65^a
国槐林1 Styphnolobium japonicum forest 1 (gh1)	9.17 ± 0.62	32.67 ± 2.05	4 × 4	0.31 ± 0.24	48.00 ± 21.02^ab
栾树林 Koelreuteria paniculata forest (ls)	6.83 ± 0.85	17.67 ± 2.05	3.5 × 3.5	0.18 ± 0.19	20.67 ± 24.99^b
栾树林-国槐林2边缘 Edge of Koelreuteria paniculata forest & Styphnolobium japonicum forest 2 (E_lh)	-	-	-	0.28 ± 0.35	50.33 ± 27.19^a
国槐林2 Styphnolobium japonicum forest 2 (gh2)	8.67 ± 0.47	21.33 ± 2.62	4 × 4.5	0.16 ± 0.09	59.22 ± 32.26^a
桧柏林-国槐林2边缘 Edge of Juniperus chinensis forest & Styphnolobium japonicum forest 2 (E_bh)	-	-	-	0.35 ± 0.20	48.78 ± 29.18^a
桧柏林 Juniperus chinensis forest (gb)	3.17 ± 0.24	13.00 ± 2.16	3 × 3	0.28 ± 0.13	64.44 ± 27.33^a
旱柳林 Salix matsudana forest (hl)	12.00 ± 0.82	22.67 ± 2.05	4 × 4	0.35 ± 0.15	61.11 ± 12.86^a
旱柳林-杜仲林边缘 Edge of Salix matsudana forest & Eucommia ulmoides forest (E_hd)	-	-	-	0.19 ± 0.07	51.78 ± 24.89^a
杜仲林 Eucommia ulmoides forest (dz)	8.33 ± 0.47	25.00 ± 4.08	3.5 × 3.5	0.18 ± 0.06	24.22 ± 21.26^b

边缘效应强度 Edge effect intensity	毛白杨林-国槐林1边缘 E_yh	栾树林-国槐林2边缘 E_lh	桧柏林-国槐林2边缘 E_bh	旱柳林-杜仲林边缘 E_hd
I_H’	1.102593793	1.078513732	1.105394079	1.080308277
Ic	0.862558656	0.854916806	0.771192529	0.915185808

边缘效应强度 Edge effect intensity	毛白杨林-国槐林1边缘 E_yh	栾树林-国槐林2边缘 E_lh	桧柏林-国槐林2边缘 E_bh	旱柳林-杜仲林边缘 E_hd
I_H’	1.102593793	1.078513732	1.105394079	1.080308277
Ic	0.862558656	0.854916806	0.771192529	0.915185808