Effect of Solidago canadensis invasions on soil nematode communities in Hangzhou Bay

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1003.2011.09048

Abstract

Abstract:

Ecologists are increasingly focusing on the effects of biological invasions on soil biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. We compared soil nematodes under plant communities dominated by invasiveSolidago canadensis and native plant Phragmites australis at 6 sites (Zhenhai, Fengxian, Pinghu, Haiyan, Cixi and Hangzhou) in Hangzhou Bay to assess the effects of S. canadensis invasions on soil nematode communities. The total number of genera and diversity of soil nematode did not differ between S. canadensis and P. australis communities. Trophic diversity, most of the proportions of trophic groups and nematode community structure varied between the two plant communities. These results suggested that the invasion of S. canadensis changed soil community structure and functioning in Hangzhou Bay. Compared toP. australis communities, the proportion of fungivores tended to increase in soil underS. canadensis communities, suggesting that the invasion might modify soil nutrient cycling. The proportion of herbivores decreased in soil dominated by S. canadensis, suggesting that the exotic S. canadensisis less vulnerable to parasitic nematodes than the nativeP. australis. Interactions between plant community type and site were significant for nematode diversity and community structure, which indicated that site was an important factor in determining the impact of the invasive plant on soil fauna. Soil grain composition, soil carbon and soil nitrogen were identified as the most important factors in shaping nematode communities.

Key words: plant invasion, Solidago canadensis, nematodes, diversity, community structure

Xiangqin Xu, Yingying Wang, Qiang Lu, Zhihua Lin, Huili Chen. Effect of Solidago canadensis invasions on soil nematode communities in Hangzhou Bay[J]. Biodiv Sci, 2011, 19(5): 519-527.

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URL: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/10.3724/SP.J.1003.2011.09048

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/Y2011/V19/I5/519

Figures/Tables 6

References 39

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		砂粒 Sand (%)	粉粒 Silt (%)	粘粒 Clay (%)	pH	总氮 Total nitrogen (mg/g)	总碳 Total carbon (mg/g)	株高 Height (cm)	植株密度 Shoot density (ind./m²)
镇海 Zhenhai	S	16.9 ± 1.4	45.0 ± 4.6	38.1 ± 5.5	8.7 ± 0.10	1.44 ± 0.24	65.23 ± 7.71	150 ± 18	116 ± 36
镇海 Zhenhai	P	13.5 ± 1.8	51.8 ± 3.0	34.7 ± 4.7	8.7 ± 0.07	0.61 ± 0.12	11.61 ± 0.58	156 ± 20	107 ± 44
奉贤 Fengxian	S	4.8 ± 0.8	23.9 ± 5.3	71.3 ± 6.0	8.7 ± 0.02	0.38 ± 0.10	11.89 ± 0.86	110 ± 4	98 ± 12
奉贤 Fengxian	P	5.4 ± 0.9	25.3 ± 1.6	69.3 ± 2.3	8.8 ± 0.03	0.46 ± 0.21	17.82 ± 1.43	161 ± 16	125 ± 23
平湖 Pinghu	S	6.5 ± 0.9	34.3 ± 1.8	59.1 ± 2.6	8.5 ± 0.17	0.49 ± 0.16	15.67 ± 1.58	143 ± 26	111 ± 24
平湖 Pinghu	P	8.7 ± 4.0	38.7 ± 14.4	52.6 ± 18.4	8.6 ± 0.02	1.21 ± 0.32	17.23 ± 0.87	220 ± 47	63 ± 6
海盐 Haiyan	S	9.4 ± 0.6	45.1 ± 1.4	45.6 ± 1.9	8.5 ± 0.15	1.04 ± 0.06	12.40 ± 0.32	114 ± 19	117 ± 63
海盐 Haiyan	P	12.5 ± 5.1	45.6 ± 14.4	41.9 ± 19.6	8.6 ± 0.04	0.61 ± 0.15	23.98 ± 2.55	190 ± 10	118 ± 26
慈溪 Cixi	S	6.7 ± 0.4	32.9 ± 1.6	60.4 ± 2.0	8.8 ± 0.05	0.91 ± 0.17	15.65 ± 3.52	177 ± 13	53 ± 15
慈溪 Cixi	P	2.0 ± 0.8	22.3 ± 2.6	75.7 ± 3.1	9.0 ± 0.41	0.33 ± 0.10	9.98 ± 0.31	156 ± 14	173 ± 28
杭州 Hangzhou	S	2.5 ± 0.9	16.9 ± 1.6	80.7 ± 2.5	8.7 ± 0.05	0.34 ± 0.09	9.36 ± 0.63	224 ± 25	92 ± 46
杭州 Hangzhou	P	2.0 ± 0.7	15.8 ± 0.4	82.2 ± 1.1	9.1 ± 0.08	0.31 ± 0.05	8.64 ± 0.87	173 ± 29	37 ± 10

		砂粒 Sand (%)	粉粒 Silt (%)	粘粒 Clay (%)	pH	总氮 Total nitrogen (mg/g)	总碳 Total carbon (mg/g)	株高 Height (cm)	植株密度 Shoot density (ind./m²)
镇海 Zhenhai	S	16.9 ± 1.4	45.0 ± 4.6	38.1 ± 5.5	8.7 ± 0.10	1.44 ± 0.24	65.23 ± 7.71	150 ± 18	116 ± 36
镇海 Zhenhai	P	13.5 ± 1.8	51.8 ± 3.0	34.7 ± 4.7	8.7 ± 0.07	0.61 ± 0.12	11.61 ± 0.58	156 ± 20	107 ± 44
奉贤 Fengxian	S	4.8 ± 0.8	23.9 ± 5.3	71.3 ± 6.0	8.7 ± 0.02	0.38 ± 0.10	11.89 ± 0.86	110 ± 4	98 ± 12
奉贤 Fengxian	P	5.4 ± 0.9	25.3 ± 1.6	69.3 ± 2.3	8.8 ± 0.03	0.46 ± 0.21	17.82 ± 1.43	161 ± 16	125 ± 23
平湖 Pinghu	S	6.5 ± 0.9	34.3 ± 1.8	59.1 ± 2.6	8.5 ± 0.17	0.49 ± 0.16	15.67 ± 1.58	143 ± 26	111 ± 24
平湖 Pinghu	P	8.7 ± 4.0	38.7 ± 14.4	52.6 ± 18.4	8.6 ± 0.02	1.21 ± 0.32	17.23 ± 0.87	220 ± 47	63 ± 6
海盐 Haiyan	S	9.4 ± 0.6	45.1 ± 1.4	45.6 ± 1.9	8.5 ± 0.15	1.04 ± 0.06	12.40 ± 0.32	114 ± 19	117 ± 63
海盐 Haiyan	P	12.5 ± 5.1	45.6 ± 14.4	41.9 ± 19.6	8.6 ± 0.04	0.61 ± 0.15	23.98 ± 2.55	190 ± 10	118 ± 26
慈溪 Cixi	S	6.7 ± 0.4	32.9 ± 1.6	60.4 ± 2.0	8.8 ± 0.05	0.91 ± 0.17	15.65 ± 3.52	177 ± 13	53 ± 15
慈溪 Cixi	P	2.0 ± 0.8	22.3 ± 2.6	75.7 ± 3.1	9.0 ± 0.41	0.33 ± 0.10	9.98 ± 0.31	156 ± 14	173 ± 28
杭州 Hangzhou	S	2.5 ± 0.9	16.9 ± 1.6	80.7 ± 2.5	8.7 ± 0.05	0.34 ± 0.09	9.36 ± 0.63	224 ± 25	92 ± 46
杭州 Hangzhou	P	2.0 ± 0.7	15.8 ± 0.4	82.2 ± 1.1	9.1 ± 0.08	0.31 ± 0.05	8.64 ± 0.87	173 ± 29	37 ± 10

变量 Variables	植物类型 Plant (df = 2)		地点 Site (df = 5)		植物类型×地点 Plant × Site (df = 5)
变量 Variables	F	P	F	P	F	P
砂粒 Sand (%)	0.59	0.449	41.75	< 0.001	4.31	0.004
粉粒 Silt (%)	0.02	0.897	30.31	< 0.001	1.76	0.145
粘粒 Clay (%)	0.01	0.928	33.33	< 0.001	1.75	0.149
pH	15.21	< 0.001	9.75	< 0.001	2.23	0.072
总氮 Total nitrogen	13.57	0.001	20.83	< 0.001	22.34	< 0.001
总碳 Total carbon	78.03	< 0.001	119.78	< 0.001	56.19	< 0.001
株高 Height	12.26	< 0.001	8.00	< 0.001	11.04	< 0.001
植株密度 Shoot density	0.42	0.52	3.34	0.014	7.84	< 0.001

变量 Variables	植物类型 Plant (df = 2)		地点 Site (df = 5)		植物类型×地点 Plant × Site (df = 5)
变量 Variables	F	P	F	P	F	P
砂粒 Sand (%)	0.59	0.449	41.75	< 0.001	4.31	0.004
粉粒 Silt (%)	0.02	0.897	30.31	< 0.001	1.76	0.145
粘粒 Clay (%)	0.01	0.928	33.33	< 0.001	1.75	0.149
pH	15.21	< 0.001	9.75	< 0.001	2.23	0.072
总氮 Total nitrogen	13.57	0.001	20.83	< 0.001	22.34	< 0.001
总碳 Total carbon	78.03	< 0.001	119.78	< 0.001	56.19	< 0.001
株高 Height	12.26	< 0.001	8.00	< 0.001	11.04	< 0.001
植株密度 Shoot density	0.42	0.52	3.34	0.014	7.84	< 0.001

变量 Variables	植物类型 Plant type (df = 1)		地点 Site (df = 5)		植物类型 × 地点 Plant type × Site (df = 5)
变量 Variables	F	P	F	P	F	P
属数 Genus number	2.56	0.118	24.18	< 0.001	6.90	< 0.001
密度 Density	3.59	0.006	5.76	< 0.001	5.28	< 0.001
Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H')	0.01	0.92	28.18	< 0.001	7.24	< 0.001
营养多样性指数 Trophic diversity index (TD)	17.05	< 0.001	17.50	< 0.001	3.76	0.008
富集指数 Enrichment index (EI)	11.52	0.002	20.62	< 0.001	13.15	< 0.001
结构指数 Structure index (SI)	9.07	0.005	4.08	0.005	3.39	0.013
线虫通路比值 Nematode channel ratio (NCR)	22.94	< 0.001	9.29	< 0.001	5.37	< 0.001
植食性线虫 Herbivores (%)	24.14	< 0.001	54.20	< 0.001	11.85	< 0.001
食藻类线虫 Algal feeders (%)	0.90	0.348	6.78	< 0.001	7.17	< 0.001
食细菌线虫 Bacterivores (%)	10.96	0.002	78.34	< 0.001	15.69	< 0.001
食真菌线虫 Fungivores (%)	34.65	< 0.001	8.98	< 0.001	5.42	< 0.001
杂食性线虫 Omnivores (%)	11.89	0.001	14.01	< 0.001	9.10	< 0.001
捕食性线虫 Carnivores (%)	14.65	< 0.001	5.98	< 0.001	8.70	< 0.001