The diversity of insect communities and its dynamic changes in transgenic RRM2 (RNA recognition motif 2) cotton fields

doi:10.17520/biods.2018090

Abstract

Abstract:

We evaluated the environmental safety of the transgenic RRM2 (RNA recognition motif 2) cotton on insect communities in the Changjiang River Ecological Zone. From 2013 to 2015, we recorded and systematically monitored the structure and composition, community characteristics, diversity, abundances and seasonal changes of the insect community, pest sub-community and natural enemy sub-community in the transgenic cotton fields. We found that the composition of main functional groups in transgenic cotton fields was similar to non-transgenic cotton fields. The transgenic RRM2 cotton fields had significantly higher aphid numbers than non-transgenic cotton field in 2013. In comparison, the number of cotton spider mite, cotton bollworm and other Lepidoptera were markedly lower in transgenic RRM2 cotton field than in non-transgenic cotton field in 2013. There was no significant difference in the other two years and other functional groups. We also found that abundances of insects increased, but species richness decreased, in the transgenic RRM2 cotton fields compared to the non-transgenic cotton fields during pest outbreak years. However, there was little difference of individual numbers and species richness of insect community in transgenic RRM2 cotton fields relative to non-transgenic one, but differed significantly during three years. Indices of diversity, evenness and dominance of insect community and pest sub-community did not vary by cotton type during years, the same as that of natural enemy sub-community except for that in 2013. Although there were seasonal fluctuations in the number of individuals and community characteristics of insect community, pest sub-community and natural enemies, these temporal dynamics did not vary between the RRM2 gene cotton fields and non-transgenic cotton fields. However, during peak abundances, indices of diversity and evenness of communities were at their lowest, while the reverse was true for index of dominance. Seasonal fluctuations were obvious with the insect community and pest sub-community, but that of natural enemy community varied more moderately across seasons. Overall therefore, RRM2 transgenic cotton did not significantly differ from non-transgenic cotton fields in insect community structure and composition and temporal dynamics of community characteristics, but the occurrence of insect pests in RRM2 transgenic cotton field might increase in years with suitable climate.

Key words: insect community, biodiversity, structure and composition, transgenic RRM2 cotton

Shuying Li, Jiabao Zhu, Xianyong Lu, Furu Cheng, Shufeng Zheng, Jinjie Cui, Junyu Luo, Yan Ma. The diversity of insect communities and its dynamic changes in transgenic RRM2 (RNA recognition motif 2) cotton fields[J]. Biodiv Sci, 2018, 26(11): 1190-1203.

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URL: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/10.17520/biods.2018090

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/Y2018/V26/I11/1190

Figures/Tables 7

References 30

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		昆虫群落 Insect community		害虫亚群落 Pest sub-community		天敌亚群落 Enemy sub-community
		中棉所12 CCRI 12	HN9311	中棉所12 CCRI 12	HN9311	中棉所12 CCRI 12	HN9311
个体数量 Total number of individuals	2013	61,714 ± 16,774^b	84,523 ± 32,194^ab	50,349 ± 17,518^b	73,071 ± 31,063^ab	9,357 ± 517^a	9,489 ± 708^a
	2014	96,567 ± 24,808^a	143,572 ± 85,341^a	85,174 ± 23,342^a	132,614 ± 84,136^a	9,723 ± 1,289^a	9,398 ± 1,625^a
	2015	21,406 ± 2,719^c	18,609 ± 4,055^b	16,470 ± 2,909^c	14,331 ± 3,979^b	4,215 ± 173^b	3,751 ± 434^b
物种丰富度 Species richness	2013	47 ± 3^a	46 ± 3^a	22 ± 1^a	22 ± 1^a	21 ± 1^a	19 ± 1^a
	2014	42 ± 2^b*	37 ± 1^b	18 ± 1^b	16 ± 1^b	18 ± 1^b	16 ± 1^b
	2015	34 ± 3^c	31 ± 1^c	15 ± 1^c	14 ± 1^b	14 ± 1^c	14 ± 1^c
相对丰度 Relative abundance (%)	2013	-	-	80.3 ± 6.9^ab	85.4 ± 4.1^ab	16.1 ± 4.9^ab	12.2 ± 3.6^ab
	2014	-	-	88.0 ± 1.5^a	89.2 ± 8.1^a	10.3 ± 1.3^b	8.9 ± 6.0^b
	2015	-	-	76.6 ± 3.7^b	76.4 ± 4.9^b	20.0 ± 3.2^a	20.7 ± 4.2^a

		昆虫群落 Insect community		害虫亚群落 Pest sub-community		天敌亚群落 Enemy sub-community
		中棉所12 CCRI 12	HN9311	中棉所12 CCRI 12	HN9311	中棉所12 CCRI 12	HN9311
个体数量 Total number of individuals	2013	61,714 ± 16,774^b	84,523 ± 32,194^ab	50,349 ± 17,518^b	73,071 ± 31,063^ab	9,357 ± 517^a	9,489 ± 708^a
	2014	96,567 ± 24,808^a	143,572 ± 85,341^a	85,174 ± 23,342^a	132,614 ± 84,136^a	9,723 ± 1,289^a	9,398 ± 1,625^a
	2015	21,406 ± 2,719^c	18,609 ± 4,055^b	16,470 ± 2,909^c	14,331 ± 3,979^b	4,215 ± 173^b	3,751 ± 434^b
物种丰富度 Species richness	2013	47 ± 3^a	46 ± 3^a	22 ± 1^a	22 ± 1^a	21 ± 1^a	19 ± 1^a
	2014	42 ± 2^b*	37 ± 1^b	18 ± 1^b	16 ± 1^b	18 ± 1^b	16 ± 1^b
	2015	34 ± 3^c	31 ± 1^c	15 ± 1^c	14 ± 1^b	14 ± 1^c	14 ± 1^c
相对丰度 Relative abundance (%)	2013	-	-	80.3 ± 6.9^ab	85.4 ± 4.1^ab	16.1 ± 4.9^ab	12.2 ± 3.6^ab
	2014	-	-	88.0 ± 1.5^a	89.2 ± 8.1^a	10.3 ± 1.3^b	8.9 ± 6.0^b
	2015	-	-	76.6 ± 3.7^b	76.4 ± 4.9^b	20.0 ± 3.2^a	20.7 ± 4.2^a

	个体数量 Number of individual (No./100 plants)						优势度 Dominance
	中棉所12 CCRI 12			HN9311			中棉所12 CCRI 12			HN9311
	2013	2014	2015	2013	2014	2015	2013	2014	2015	2013	2014	2015
害虫亚群落主要类群 Main pest functional group
叶蝉类 Leafhopper	27,601.0	4,721.2	6,855.3	38,763.7^a	4,503.8^b	5,699.3^b	0.548	0.055	0.416	0.424	0.034	0.398
棉蚜 Aphid	7,568.7^b	74,902.0^a	6,215.3^b	20,780.3*^b	123,006.9^a	5,572.7^b	0.150	0.879	0.377	0.284	0.928	0.389
盲蝽类 Phytophagous bug	1,752.0^a	618.3^b	312.0^b	1,788.7^a	487.7^b	246.0^b	0.035	0.007	0.019	0.024	0.004	0.017
蓟马类 Thrip	5,987.3^a	1,804.1^b	1,419.3^b	5,862.7^a	2,009.3^b	1,444.0^b	0.119	0.021	0.086	0.080	0.015	0.101
叶螨类 Cotton spider mite	2,181.0*	724.7	490.0	480.3	692.2	340.0	0.043	0.009	0.030	0.007	0.005	0.024
烟粉虱 Whitefly	4,319.7^a	1,527.5^b	705.3^c	4,829.0^a	1,377.4^b	656.0^b	0.086	0.018	0.043	0.061	0.010	0.046
棉铃虫 Cotton bollworm	121.0*^a	69.1^ab	4.0^c	72.3^a	29.2^b	2.7^b	0.002	0.001	0.0002	0.001	0.0002	0.0002
红铃虫 Pink bollworm	96.7^b	306.5^a	292.0^a	56.7^b	164.2^a	166.0^a	0.002	0.004	0.018	0.001	0.001	0.012
其他鳞翅目 Other Lepidoptera pest	373.7*	275.6	52.0	154.0^a	149.8^a	45.3^b	0.007	0.003	0.003	0.002	0.001	0.003
天敌亚群落主要类群 Main natural enemy functional group
蜘蛛类 Spider	4,689.0^a	3,751.9^b	2,456.7^c	4,560.0^a	3,470.4^b	2,166.0	0.501	0.386	0.583	0.452	0.369	0.577
蚜茧蜂类 Aphidiidae	414.7^b	813.4^a	128.0^b	419.3^b	819.8^a	88.7	0.044	0.084	0.030	0.044	0.087	0.024
小花蝽类 Minute pirate bug	1,440.3^a	870.2^b	388.7^b	1,387.7^a	565.1^b	217.3	0.154	0.089	0.092	0.141	0.060	0.058
黑襟毛瓢虫 Ladybug	252.7^ab	445.1^a	133.3^b	403.3^ab	508.6^a	85.3^b	0.027	0.046	0.032	0.043	0.054	0.023
其他瓢虫 Other ladybird	1,308.0^b	2,797.4^a	818.0^b	2,007.3^ab	2,907.7^a	882.0^b	0.140	0.288	0.194	0.210	0.309	0.235
草蛉类 Lacewing	541.0^ab	711.7^a	235.3^b	364.3^b	671.6^a	158.0^b	0.058	0.073	0.056	0.038	0.071	0.042

	个体数量 Number of individual (No./100 plants)						优势度 Dominance
	中棉所12 CCRI 12			HN9311			中棉所12 CCRI 12			HN9311
	2013	2014	2015	2013	2014	2015	2013	2014	2015	2013	2014	2015
害虫亚群落主要类群 Main pest functional group
叶蝉类 Leafhopper	27,601.0	4,721.2	6,855.3	38,763.7^a	4,503.8^b	5,699.3^b	0.548	0.055	0.416	0.424	0.034	0.398
棉蚜 Aphid	7,568.7^b	74,902.0^a	6,215.3^b	20,780.3*^b	123,006.9^a	5,572.7^b	0.150	0.879	0.377	0.284	0.928	0.389
盲蝽类 Phytophagous bug	1,752.0^a	618.3^b	312.0^b	1,788.7^a	487.7^b	246.0^b	0.035	0.007	0.019	0.024	0.004	0.017
蓟马类 Thrip	5,987.3^a	1,804.1^b	1,419.3^b	5,862.7^a	2,009.3^b	1,444.0^b	0.119	0.021	0.086	0.080	0.015	0.101
叶螨类 Cotton spider mite	2,181.0*	724.7	490.0	480.3	692.2	340.0	0.043	0.009	0.030	0.007	0.005	0.024
烟粉虱 Whitefly	4,319.7^a	1,527.5^b	705.3^c	4,829.0^a	1,377.4^b	656.0^b	0.086	0.018	0.043	0.061	0.010	0.046
棉铃虫 Cotton bollworm	121.0*^a	69.1^ab	4.0^c	72.3^a	29.2^b	2.7^b	0.002	0.001	0.0002	0.001	0.0002	0.0002
红铃虫 Pink bollworm	96.7^b	306.5^a	292.0^a	56.7^b	164.2^a	166.0^a	0.002	0.004	0.018	0.001	0.001	0.012
其他鳞翅目 Other Lepidoptera pest	373.7*	275.6	52.0	154.0^a	149.8^a	45.3^b	0.007	0.003	0.003	0.002	0.001	0.003
天敌亚群落主要类群 Main natural enemy functional group
蜘蛛类 Spider	4,689.0^a	3,751.9^b	2,456.7^c	4,560.0^a	3,470.4^b	2,166.0	0.501	0.386	0.583	0.452	0.369	0.577
蚜茧蜂类 Aphidiidae	414.7^b	813.4^a	128.0^b	419.3^b	819.8^a	88.7	0.044	0.084	0.030	0.044	0.087	0.024
小花蝽类 Minute pirate bug	1,440.3^a	870.2^b	388.7^b	1,387.7^a	565.1^b	217.3	0.154	0.089	0.092	0.141	0.060	0.058
黑襟毛瓢虫 Ladybug	252.7^ab	445.1^a	133.3^b	403.3^ab	508.6^a	85.3^b	0.027	0.046	0.032	0.043	0.054	0.023
其他瓢虫 Other ladybird	1,308.0^b	2,797.4^a	818.0^b	2,007.3^ab	2,907.7^a	882.0^b	0.140	0.288	0.194	0.210	0.309	0.235
草蛉类 Lacewing	541.0^ab	711.7^a	235.3^b	364.3^b	671.6^a	158.0^b	0.058	0.073	0.056	0.038	0.071	0.042

		昆虫群落 Insect community		害虫亚群落 Pest sub-community		天敌亚群落 Enemy sub-community
		中棉所12 CCRI 12	HN9311	中棉所12 CCRI 12	HN9311	中棉所12 CCRI 12	HN9311
多样性指数 Diversity index	2013	1.63 ± 0.64^a	1.47 ± 0.72^a	1.07 ± 0.59^a	0.97 ± 0.64^a	1.25 ± 0.33^a*	1.12 ± 0.36^a
	2014	1.59 ± 0.77^a	1.59 ± 0.77^a	0.91 ± 0.65^a	0.92 ± 0.64^a	1.17 ± 0.43^a	1.14 ± 0.46^a
	2015	1.55 ± 0.58^a	1.51 ± 0.55^a	0.96 ± 0.53^a	0.89 ± 0.56^a	0.97 ± 0.41^b	1.00 ± 0.41^a
均匀度指数 Evenness index	2013	0.58 ± 0.20^a	0.53 ± 0.23^a	0.50 ± 0.25^a	0.47 ± 0.28^a	0.64 ± 0.12^a*	0.59 ± 0.14^a
	2014	0.56 ± 0.24^a	0.60 ± 0.26^a	0.45 ± 0.25^a	0.47 ± 0.30^a	0.60 ± 0.14^ab	0.60 ± 0.20^a
	2015	0.60 ± 0.18^a	0.62 ± 0.19^a	0.52 ± 0.27^a	0.50 ± 0.28^a	0.55 ± 0.21^b	0.56 ± 0.22^a
优势集中性指数 Dominance index	2013	0.35 ± 0.24^a	0.40 ± 0.28^a	0.50 ± 0.27^a	0.54 ± 0.30^a	0.39 ± 0.15^b	0.45 ± 0.17^a*
	2014	0.39 ± 0.28^a	0.37 ± 0.28^a	0.57 ± 0.31^a	0.56 ± 0.30^a	0.45 ± 0.18^a	0.46 ± 0.20^a
	2015	0.35 ± 0.22^a	0.36 ± 0.21^a	0.51 ± 0.26^a	0.56 ± 0.27^a	0.48 ± 0.19^a	0.45 ± 0.20^a