The alpha and beta diversity and their influencing factors of Anurans in Dabie Mountains, Anhui Province

doi:10.17520/biods.2025160

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims: Mountain ecosystems, characterized by their distinctive environmental features and high biodiversity, provide an ideal model system for investigating biodiversity patterns and community assembly mechanisms. However, the Dabie Mountains, a climatically transitional zone between subtropical and warm temperate regions, remain understudied, particularly in terms of the spatial distribution and environmental drivers of amphibian diversity. To address this knowledge gap, this study aims to quantify the alpha and beta diversity patterns of anurans and identify the key environmental factors shaping their assembly along elevational gradients in this critical transitional region.

Methods: In 2024, this study employed the transect method to investigate amphibian and reptile diversity in the western Dabie Mountains of Anhui Province, China, with a focus on anuran diversity across elevational gradients, habitat types, and seasons. Patterns of alpha and beta diversity and their environmental drivers were evaluated in relation to climatic, topographic, habitat, and anthropogenic factors.

Results: The results revealed that a total of 18 anuran species, belonging to 12 genera and 6 families, were recorded in the region. Species richness showed a significant negative correlation with elevation, whereas the Pielou evenness index exhibited an opposite pattern along the elevational gradient. Moreover, the Shannon-Wiener diversity, Simpson dominance, and Pielou evenness indices all varied significantly across habitat types, with higher values observed in farmland habitats than in others. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index also displayed significant seasonal variation, being higher in summer than in spring. Annual precipitation was identified as the primary factor influencing species richness, Shannon-Wiener diversity, and Simpson dominance diversity indices. Beta diversity analysis based on both Bray-Curtis and Sørensen indices showed that the turnover component was greater than the nestedness component. Annual mean temperature was found to be the main factor affecting overall beta diversity and its turnover component.

Conclusion: This study clarified the distribution pattern of amphibian diversity in the Dabie Mountains of western Anhui Province in the climate transition zone, revealed its influencing factors, and provided a theoretical basis and data support for biodiversity conservation in this region.

Key words: alpha diversity, beta diversity, Dabie Mountains, biodiversity, Anurans

Huan Xiong, Xueyan Liu, Yanfang Wu, Hongzhou Chen, Yan Ma, Xingyue Hu, Jingyi Zhang, Jinyu Xia, Weize Wu, Wei Chen. The alpha and beta diversity and their influencing factors of Anurans in Dabie Mountains, Anhui Province[J]. Biodiv Sci, 2025, 33(11): 25160.

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URL: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/10.17520/biods.2025160

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/Y2025/V33/I11/25160

Figures/Tables 8

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物种 Species	保护等级 Protection level	中国生物多样性红色名录 China’s Red List of Biodiversity	区系 Fauna	优势度 Dominance
叉舌蛙科 Dicroglossidae
棘胸蛙属 Quasipaa
叶氏隆肛蛙 Q. yei	II	VU	OR	0.0006
虎纹蛙属 Hoplobatrachus
虎纹蛙 H. chinensis	II	EN	OR	0.0001
陆蛙属 Fejervarya
泽陆蛙 F. multistriata		LC	WS	0.4559
蛙科 Ranidae
蛙属 Rana
中国林蛙 R. chensinensis		LC	WS	0.0201
大别山林蛙 R. dabieshanensis		LC	OR	0.0003
侧褶蛙属 Pelophylax
黑斑侧褶蛙 P. nigromaculatus		NT	WS	0.2056
金线侧褶蛙 P. plancyi		NT	WS	0.0073
水蛙属 Hylarana
阔褶水蛙 H. latouchii		LC	WS	0.0856
树蛙科 Rhacophoridae
张树蛙属 Zhangixalus
安徽树蛙 Z. zhoukaiyae		DD	OR	0.0079
大树蛙 Z. dennysi		LC	OR	0.0012
泛树蛙属 Polypedates
布氏泛树蛙 P. braueri		LC	OR	0.0224
蟾蜍科 Bufonidae
蟾蜍属 Bufo
中华蟾蜍 B. gargarizans		LC	WS	0.0671
姬蛙科 Microhylidae
姬蛙属 Microhyla
饰纹姬蛙 M. fissipes		LC	OR	0.0863
大别山姬蛙 M. dabieshanensis		DD	OR	0.0005
合征姬蛙 M. mixtura		LC	OR	0.0367
小弧斑姬蛙 M. heymonsi		LC	OR	0.0020
狭口蛙属 Kaloula
北方狭口蛙 K. borealis		LC	PR	0.0001
雨蛙科 Hylidae
雨蛙属 Hyla
大别山雨蛙 H. dabieshanensis		LC	OR	0.0003

物种 Species	保护等级 Protection level	中国生物多样性红色名录 China’s Red List of Biodiversity	区系 Fauna	优势度 Dominance
叉舌蛙科 Dicroglossidae
棘胸蛙属 Quasipaa
叶氏隆肛蛙 Q. yei	II	VU	OR	0.0006
虎纹蛙属 Hoplobatrachus
虎纹蛙 H. chinensis	II	EN	OR	0.0001
陆蛙属 Fejervarya
泽陆蛙 F. multistriata		LC	WS	0.4559
蛙科 Ranidae
蛙属 Rana
中国林蛙 R. chensinensis		LC	WS	0.0201
大别山林蛙 R. dabieshanensis		LC	OR	0.0003
侧褶蛙属 Pelophylax
黑斑侧褶蛙 P. nigromaculatus		NT	WS	0.2056
金线侧褶蛙 P. plancyi		NT	WS	0.0073
水蛙属 Hylarana
阔褶水蛙 H. latouchii		LC	WS	0.0856
树蛙科 Rhacophoridae
张树蛙属 Zhangixalus
安徽树蛙 Z. zhoukaiyae		DD	OR	0.0079
大树蛙 Z. dennysi		LC	OR	0.0012
泛树蛙属 Polypedates
布氏泛树蛙 P. braueri		LC	OR	0.0224
蟾蜍科 Bufonidae
蟾蜍属 Bufo
中华蟾蜍 B. gargarizans		LC	WS	0.0671
姬蛙科 Microhylidae
姬蛙属 Microhyla
饰纹姬蛙 M. fissipes		LC	OR	0.0863
大别山姬蛙 M. dabieshanensis		DD	OR	0.0005
合征姬蛙 M. mixtura		LC	OR	0.0367
小弧斑姬蛙 M. heymonsi		LC	OR	0.0020
狭口蛙属 Kaloula
北方狭口蛙 K. borealis		LC	PR	0.0001
雨蛙科 Hylidae
雨蛙属 Hyla
大别山雨蛙 H. dabieshanensis		LC	OR	0.0003

Alpha多样性指数 Alpha diversity index	春季 Spring	夏季 Summer	Mann-Whitney U test
Shannon-Wiener多样性指数 Shannon-Wiener diversity index	0.811 ± 0.056	0.951 ± 0.041	U = 1,193; P = 0.043
Simpson优势度指数 Simpson dominance index	0.471 ± 0.031	0.520 ± 0.022	U = 1,386; P = 0.374
Pielou均匀度指数 Pielou evenness index	0.487 ± 0.026	0.507 ± 0.020	U = 1,366; P = 0.607

Alpha多样性指数 Alpha diversity index	春季 Spring	夏季 Summer	Mann-Whitney U test
Shannon-Wiener多样性指数 Shannon-Wiener diversity index	0.811 ± 0.056	0.951 ± 0.041	U = 1,193; P = 0.043
Simpson优势度指数 Simpson dominance index	0.471 ± 0.031	0.520 ± 0.022	U = 1,386; P = 0.374
Pielou均匀度指数 Pielou evenness index	0.487 ± 0.026	0.507 ± 0.020	U = 1,366; P = 0.607

Alpha多样性指数 Alpha diversity index	环境因子 Environmental factors	估计值M	相对重要性Wi	标准误SE	P
Shannon-Wiener多样性指数 Shannon-Wiener diversity index	年降水量 Annual precipitation	0.001	1.00	0.001	0.010
	生境类型 Habitat type	0.045	0.52	0.003	0.454
	归一化植被指数 Normalized difference vegetation index	-0.001	0.63	0.001	0.356
	距道路距离 Distance to road	-0.301	0.32	0.683	0.662
	坡度 Slope	-0.001	0.07	0.003	0.879
	坡向 Aspect	0.001	0.07	0.001	0.896
Simpson优势度指数 Simpson dominance index	年降水量 Annual precipitation	0.001	1.00	0.001	0.003
	生境类型 Habitat type	0.008	0.40	0.014	0.561
	归一化植被指数 Normalized difference vegetation index	-0.001	0.47	0.001	0.488
	距道路距离 Distance to road	-0.112	0.27	0.321	0.730
物种丰富度 Species richness	年降水量 Annual precipitation	0.001	0.90	0.001	0.047
	坡度 Slope	0.006	0.34	0.002	0.219
	坡向 Aspect	0.001	0.33	0.001	0.231
	归一化植被指数 Normalized difference vegetation index	-0.001	0.47	0.001	0.899