Community characteristics of soil collembola around a typical mercury-thallium mining area in Guizhou Province

doi:10.17520/biods.2022265

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims: Many mining activities can lead to heavy metal pollution in soils near mining areas, leading to negative consequences to the native soil biota. In particular, mercury, thallium, and other heavy metals are highly toxic, but the related ecological risks are rarely studied. As an indicator of soil environmental change, collembola species can be used to assess soil quality.
Method: The study was conducted in an agricultural field near a mercury-thallium mining area in Guizhou Province. Four sampling areas were established according to different pollution levels and crop types, with two crops in each area and three sampling plots for each crop, in order to study the community structure and diversity of soil collembola and its influencing factors.
Results: The mean density of collembola across sampling areas was 12,000 ind./m². The closer a sampling area was to the mining area, the higher level of soil heavy metal pollution and the higher comprehensive pollution index. Generally, collembola species richness, density, and the diversity and richness index initially increased, but then decreased thereafter. Analysis of environmental factors showed that mercury, thallium, and arsenic had a significant negative effect on the community structure of collembola species: Folsomides americanus, Isotomiella minor and Protaphorura encarpatus.
Conclusion: High organic matter content could mitigate the effects of heavy metals on soil collembola. However, in this study there was no significant difference between maize and coix seed on soil collembola community structure. The results of this study indicate that soil organic matter could mitigate the effects of heavy metal pollution on the soil collembola community.

Key words: heavy metal pollution, collembola, indicator species, community diversity, soil fauna

Siyao Liu, Zhu Li, Xin Ke, Lina Sun, Longhua Wu, Jiejie Zhao. Community characteristics of soil collembola around a typical mercury-thallium mining area in Guizhou Province[J]. Biodiv Sci, 2022, 30(12): 22265.

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URL: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/10.17520/biods.2022265

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/Y2022/V30/I12/22265

Figures/Tables 9

References 54

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	自由度 df	pH	砷 As	铊 Tl	汞 Hg	有效氮 Available-N	有机质 Organic matter	沙粒 Sand	粉粒 Silt	粘粒 Clay
作物类型 Crop type	1	0.22	46.1^***	12.1^**	3.77	4.53^*	2.62	1.89	0.24	7.47^**
采样区 Sample area	3	0.80	141^***	90.8^***	115^***	4.96^**	29.8^***	31.4^***	4.10^**	61.6^***
作物类型 × 采样区 Crop type × Sample area	3	0.31	6.45^**	2.47	0.46	0.95	1.28	1.31	2.13	1.71

	自由度 df	pH	砷 As	铊 Tl	汞 Hg	有效氮 Available-N	有机质 Organic matter	沙粒 Sand	粉粒 Silt	粘粒 Clay
作物类型 Crop type	1	0.22	46.1^***	12.1^**	3.77	4.53^*	2.62	1.89	0.24	7.47^**
采样区 Sample area	3	0.80	141^***	90.8^***	115^***	4.96^**	29.8^***	31.4^***	4.10^**	61.6^***
作物类型 × 采样区 Crop type × Sample area	3	0.31	6.45^**	2.47	0.46	0.95	1.28	1.31	2.13	1.71

采样区 Sample area		铊 Tl (mg/kg)	砷 As (mg/kg)	汞 Hg (mg/kg)	内梅罗综合污染指数 Nemerow composite pollution index	污染程度 Pollution level
玉米地 Corn area	A	2.19 ± 0.33^g	12.60 ± 2.90^f	0.16 ± 0.01^f	2.84	中度污染 Medium pollution
	B	19.80 ± 0.34^e	106.00 ± 3.82^d	37.70 ± 7.95^e	147	重度污染 Heavy pollution
	C	47.60 ± 2.66^c	326.00 ± 23.60^b	150.00 ± 17.20^c	582	重度污染 Heavy pollution
	D	75.50 ± 6.17^a	386.00 ± 21.60^a	209.00 ± 27.70^a	811	重度污染 Heavy pollution
薏仁地 Coix area	A	2.03 ± 0.71^g	14.00 ± 2.47^f	0.19 ± 0.02^f	2.76	中度污染 Medium pollution
	B	11.20 ± 1.20^f	27.90 ± 1.27^f	7.58 ± 5.03^f	53.10	重度污染 Heavy pollution
	C	34.00 ± 1.59^d	171.00 ± 39.80^c	107.00 ± 22.30^d	451	重度污染 Heavy pollution
	D	68.10 ± 6.26^b	362.00 ± 82.80^a	196.00 ± 53.00^b	892	重度污染 Heavy pollution

采样区 Sample area		铊 Tl (mg/kg)	砷 As (mg/kg)	汞 Hg (mg/kg)	内梅罗综合污染指数 Nemerow composite pollution index	污染程度 Pollution level
玉米地 Corn area	A	2.19 ± 0.33^g	12.60 ± 2.90^f	0.16 ± 0.01^f	2.84	中度污染 Medium pollution
	B	19.80 ± 0.34^e	106.00 ± 3.82^d	37.70 ± 7.95^e	147	重度污染 Heavy pollution
	C	47.60 ± 2.66^c	326.00 ± 23.60^b	150.00 ± 17.20^c	582	重度污染 Heavy pollution
	D	75.50 ± 6.17^a	386.00 ± 21.60^a	209.00 ± 27.70^a	811	重度污染 Heavy pollution
薏仁地 Coix area	A	2.03 ± 0.71^g	14.00 ± 2.47^f	0.19 ± 0.02^f	2.76	中度污染 Medium pollution
	B	11.20 ± 1.20^f	27.90 ± 1.27^f	7.58 ± 5.03^f	53.10	重度污染 Heavy pollution
	C	34.00 ± 1.59^d	171.00 ± 39.80^c	107.00 ± 22.30^d	451	重度污染 Heavy pollution
	D	68.10 ± 6.26^b	362.00 ± 82.80^a	196.00 ± 53.00^b	892	重度污染 Heavy pollution

采样区 Sample area		土壤酸碱度 Soil pH	有机质 Organic matter (g/kg)	有效氮 Available nitrogen (mg/kg)	砂粒 Sand (%)	粉粒 Silt (%)	粘粒 Clay (%)
玉米地 Corn area	A	4.80 ± 0.35^a	37.90 ± 3.65^d	192.00 ± 4.36^bc	32.60 ± 0.71^c	34.10 ± 1.41^a	33.30 ± 0.81^b
	B	4.45 ± 0.44^a	54.80 ± 4.68^c	174.00 ± 1.34^c	40.00 ± 1.86^b	34.00 ± 2.61^a	26.00 ± 0.83^cd
	C	4.31 ± 0.26^a	103.00 ± 2.69^b	205.00 ± 3.74^bc	45.40 ± 1.09^b	33.70 ± 0.16^a	20.90 ± 1.18^d
	D	5.03 ± 0.53^a	119.00 ± 1.94^a	227.00 ± 6.45^b	59.30 ± 6.98^a	27.00 ± 0.58^b	13.70 ± 2.56^e
薏仁地 Coix area	A	4.47 ± 0.19^b	37.30 ± 3.65^d	196.00 ± 9.00^bc	28.00 ± 1.13^c	31.10 ± 1.41^a	41.00 ± 1.17^a
	B	4.33 ± 0.06^b	55.00 ± 4.68^c	217.00 ± 0.60^bc	44.30 ± 4.34^b	30.50 ± 2.70^a	25.10 ± 3.45^c
	C	5.10 ± 0.18^a	68.40 ± 2.69^c	222.00 ± 4.58^b	46.40 ± 3.15^b	32.60 ± 2.10^a	21.00 ± 1.18^d
	D	4.64 ± 0.46^ab	126.00 ± 1.94^a	303.00 ± 4.82^a	54.20 ± 3.27^a	30.10 ± 1.03^a	15.70 ± 2.30^e