Community characteristics of macroinvertebrates in woody debris in a subtropical forest in Badagongshan, China

doi:10.17520/biods.2021476

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims: Woody debris provides essential habitat and food resources for macroinvertebrate communities and greatly impacts soil macrofauna biodiversity. Little is known about how features of woody debris are associated with soil macroinvertebrate communities, especially for subtropical forests. This study aims to investigate the effects of tree species, diameter classes, and decomposition stages of woody debris on the composition and structure of macroinvertebrate communities.
Methods: We sampled the woody debris of three tree species (Sassafras tzumu, Fagus lucida, and Cryptomeria fortunei), crossed with two size classes (10 ± 2 cm and 4 ± 2 cm in diameter) at different decomposition stages in the subtropical forests of the Badagongshan National Nature Reserve, Hunan, China, from October to November 2020. Then, macroinvertebrates in the sampled woody debris (i.e., taxonomical groups and number of individual) were inventoried for community composition.
Results: (1) A total number of 2,558 individuals belonging to 4 phyla, 10 classes, and 23 orders were found throughout the study. The dominant groups, common groups, and rare groups of macroinvertebrates differed in preferred tree species. (2) The individual density of macroinvertebrates in the woody debris of Fagus lucida was significantly higher than that in Cryptomeria fortunei and Sassafras tzumu. For Fagus lucida and Sassafras tzumu, the Shannon-Wiener diversity index of macroinvertebrates was significantly higher in large-diameter woody debris than that in small-diameter debris. The number of total groups and specialist groups of invertebrates in large-diameter wood debris were more than those in small-diameter woody debris. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Simpson dominance index, and Pielou evenness index of macroinvertebrates in woody debris were significantly and negatively correlated with wood density, indicating shifted macroinvertebrates communities in woody debris with the progress of decomposition. (3) The physical and chemical properties of woody debris (e.g., relative moisture content, total nitrogen, total carbon, and carbon nitrogen ratio), soil temperature and soil humidity were significantly correlated with the characteristics of macroinvertebrate communities in woody debris.
Conclusion: Our results highlight that the characteristics of macroinvertebrate community are different depending on the effect of tree species, diameter classes, and decomposition stages of woody debris. Preserving woody debris of both large and small diameter classes and those of different tree species in the subtropical forest can increase the biodiversity of macroinvertebrates.

Key words: soil fauna, woody debris, tree species, diameter class, decomposition stage

Fan Li, Dangjun Wang, Xiaoyuan Lin, Kang Ji, Luping Ye, Chao Huang, Yong Zheng, Mao Zhun, Juan Zuo. Community characteristics of macroinvertebrates in woody debris in a subtropical forest in Badagongshan, China[J]. Biodiv Sci, 2022, 30(12): 21476.

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URL: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/10.17520/biods.2021476

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/Y2022/V30/I12/21476

Figures/Tables 7

References 67

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类群Groups	柳杉Cryptomeria fortunei		亮叶水青冈Fagus lucida		檫木Sassafras tsumu		总数Total (%)	优势度水平Dominance level
类群Groups	个体数No. of individuals (%)	优势度水平Dominance level	个体数No. of individuals (%)	优势度水平Dominance level	个体数No. of individuals (%)	优势度水平Dominance level	总数Total (%)	优势度水平Dominance level
双翅目幼虫 Diptera larvae	68 (43.31)	+++	1,592 (79.76)	+++	158 (39.01)	+++	1,818 (71.07)	+++
膜翅目 Hymenoptera	20 (12.74)	+++	11 (0.55)	+	134 (33.09)	+++	165 (6.45)	++
等翅目 Isoptera	-	-	146 (7.31)	++	16 (3.95)	++	162 (6.33)	++
鞘翅目 Coleoptera	14 (8.92)	++	78 (3.91)	++	26 (6.42)	++	118 (4.61)	++
鞘翅目幼虫 Coleoptera larvae	19 (12.10)	+++	29 (1.45)	++	34 (8.40)	++	82 (3.21)	++
姬马陆目 Julida	-	-	87 (4.36)	++	-	-	87 (3.40)	++
石蜈蚣目 Lithobiomorpha	16 (10.19)	+++	7 (0.35)	+	1 (0.25)	+	24 (0.94)	+
蜘蛛目 Araneae	11 (7.01)	++	7 (0.35)	+	4 (0.99)	+	22 (0.86)	+
蜈蚣目 Scolodenpromorpha	1 (0.64)	+	6 (0.30)	+	12 (2.96)	++	19 (0.74)	+
综合目 Symphyla	-	-	8 (0.40)	+	9 (2.22)	++	17 (0.66)	+
缨翅目 Thysanoptera	-	-	6 (0.30)	+	1 (0.25)	+	7 (0.27)	+
伪蝎目 Pseudoscorpiones	-	-	4 (0.20)	+	1 (0.25)	+	5 (0.20)	+
等足目 Isopoda	2 (1.27)	++	2 (0.10)	+	1 (0.25)	+	5 (0.20)	+
带马陆目 Polydesmida	1 (0.64)	+	2 (0.10)	+	1 (0.25)	+	4 (0.16)	+
地蜈蚣目 Geophilomrpha	-	-	1 (0.05)	+	3 (0.74)	+	4 (0.16)	+
鳞翅目幼虫 Lepidoptera larvae	-	-	3 (0.15)	+	-	-	3 (0.12)	+
三肠目 Tricladida	1 (0.64)	+	-	-	2 (0.49)	+	3 (0.12)	+
腹足纲 Gastropoda	3 (1.91)	++	-	-	-	-	3 (0.12)	+
异蛰目 Spirostreptida	-	-	3 (0.15)	+	-	-	3 (0.12)	+
原尾纲 Protura	-	-	1 (0.05)	+	1 (0.25)	+	2 (0.08)	+
半翅目 Hemiptera	-	-	1 (0.05)	+	1 (0.25)	+	2 (0.08)	+
蜚蠊目 Blattoptera	-	-	1 (0.05)	+	-	-	1 (0.04)	+
球马陆目 Glomerida	1 (0.64)	+	-	-	-	-	1 (0.04)	+
正蚓目 Limbricida	-	-	1 (0.05)	+	-	-	1 (0.04)	+
总数 Total number	157 (1.00)		1,996 (1.00)		405 (1.00)		2,558 (1.00)

类群Groups	柳杉Cryptomeria fortunei		亮叶水青冈Fagus lucida		檫木Sassafras tsumu		总数Total (%)	优势度水平Dominance level
类群Groups	个体数No. of individuals (%)	优势度水平Dominance level	个体数No. of individuals (%)	优势度水平Dominance level	个体数No. of individuals (%)	优势度水平Dominance level	总数Total (%)	优势度水平Dominance level
双翅目幼虫 Diptera larvae	68 (43.31)	+++	1,592 (79.76)	+++	158 (39.01)	+++	1,818 (71.07)	+++
膜翅目 Hymenoptera	20 (12.74)	+++	11 (0.55)	+	134 (33.09)	+++	165 (6.45)	++
等翅目 Isoptera	-	-	146 (7.31)	++	16 (3.95)	++	162 (6.33)	++
鞘翅目 Coleoptera	14 (8.92)	++	78 (3.91)	++	26 (6.42)	++	118 (4.61)	++
鞘翅目幼虫 Coleoptera larvae	19 (12.10)	+++	29 (1.45)	++	34 (8.40)	++	82 (3.21)	++
姬马陆目 Julida	-	-	87 (4.36)	++	-	-	87 (3.40)	++
石蜈蚣目 Lithobiomorpha	16 (10.19)	+++	7 (0.35)	+	1 (0.25)	+	24 (0.94)	+
蜘蛛目 Araneae	11 (7.01)	++	7 (0.35)	+	4 (0.99)	+	22 (0.86)	+
蜈蚣目 Scolodenpromorpha	1 (0.64)	+	6 (0.30)	+	12 (2.96)	++	19 (0.74)	+
综合目 Symphyla	-	-	8 (0.40)	+	9 (2.22)	++	17 (0.66)	+
缨翅目 Thysanoptera	-	-	6 (0.30)	+	1 (0.25)	+	7 (0.27)	+
伪蝎目 Pseudoscorpiones	-	-	4 (0.20)	+	1 (0.25)	+	5 (0.20)	+
等足目 Isopoda	2 (1.27)	++	2 (0.10)	+	1 (0.25)	+	5 (0.20)	+
带马陆目 Polydesmida	1 (0.64)	+	2 (0.10)	+	1 (0.25)	+	4 (0.16)	+
地蜈蚣目 Geophilomrpha	-	-	1 (0.05)	+	3 (0.74)	+	4 (0.16)	+
鳞翅目幼虫 Lepidoptera larvae	-	-	3 (0.15)	+	-	-	3 (0.12)	+
三肠目 Tricladida	1 (0.64)	+	-	-	2 (0.49)	+	3 (0.12)	+
腹足纲 Gastropoda	3 (1.91)	++	-	-	-	-	3 (0.12)	+
异蛰目 Spirostreptida	-	-	3 (0.15)	+	-	-	3 (0.12)	+
原尾纲 Protura	-	-	1 (0.05)	+	1 (0.25)	+	2 (0.08)	+
半翅目 Hemiptera	-	-	1 (0.05)	+	1 (0.25)	+	2 (0.08)	+
蜚蠊目 Blattoptera	-	-	1 (0.05)	+	-	-	1 (0.04)	+
球马陆目 Glomerida	1 (0.64)	+	-	-	-	-	1 (0.04)	+
正蚓目 Limbricida	-	-	1 (0.05)	+	-	-	1 (0.04)	+
总数 Total number	157 (1.00)		1,996 (1.00)		405 (1.00)		2,558 (1.00)

	df	个体密度 Individual density	Shannon-Wiener多样性指数 Shannon-Wiener diversity index	Simpson优势度指数 Simpson dominance index	Pielou均匀度指数 Pielou evenness index
树种 Tree species (TS)	2	24.18***	1.83	3.05	17.69***
径级 Diameter class (DC)	1	1.10	18.18***	11.86**	0.41
分解阶段 Decomposition stage (DS)	1	5.63*	13.10***	11.38**	0.48
树种 × 径级 TS × DC	2	0.28	0.89	0.62	0.53
树种 × 分解阶段 TS × DS	2	0.41	5.89**	6.69**	1.30
径级 × 分解阶段 DC × DS	1	8.73**	0.03	0.04	1.97
树种 × 径级 × 分解阶段 TS × DC × DS	2	4.21*	1.66	2.06	0.20

	df	个体密度 Individual density	Shannon-Wiener多样性指数 Shannon-Wiener diversity index	Simpson优势度指数 Simpson dominance index	Pielou均匀度指数 Pielou evenness index
树种 Tree species (TS)	2	24.18***	1.83	3.05	17.69***
径级 Diameter class (DC)	1	1.10	18.18***	11.86**	0.41
分解阶段 Decomposition stage (DS)	1	5.63*	13.10***	11.38**	0.48
树种 × 径级 TS × DC	2	0.28	0.89	0.62	0.53
树种 × 分解阶段 TS × DS	2	0.41	5.89**	6.69**	1.30
径级 × 分解阶段 DC × DS	1	8.73**	0.03	0.04	1.97
树种 × 径级 × 分解阶段 TS × DC × DS	2	4.21*	1.66	2.06	0.20

	自由度 df	平方和 Sum of squares	均方 Mean square	F	P
树种 Tree species (TS)	2	2.58	1.29	4.36	0.001***
径级 Diameter class (DC)	1	0.96	0.96	3.01	0.006**
分解阶段 Decomposition stage (DS)	1	0.96	0.96	2.98	0.006**
树种 × 径级 TS × DC	2	0.50	0.25	0.88	0.58
树种 × 分解阶段 TS × DS	2	0.68	0.34	1.14	0.27
径级 × 分解阶段 DC × DS	1	0.21	0.21	0.68	0.72
树种 × 径级 × 分解阶段 TS × DC × DS	2	0.40	0.20	0.70	0.79
残差 Residuals	44	12.47	0.28
总数 Total	55	18.27