Seasonal variation in cropland soil nematode community composition in the lower reaches of Liaohe Plain

doi:10.17520/biods.2022222

Abstract

Abstract:

Aim: The managements in farmland in lower reaches of Liaohe Plain, such as long-term cultivation, fertilizer and agrochemicals application on cropland have led to soil degradation, environmental pollution and the decline of productivity, which inevitably have an impact on soil biological health. Therefore, we investigated the seasonal variations of soil nematode community composition to explore the effects of field artificial management measures on the abundance and diversity of soil nematode community.
Methods: Soils from cropland and abandoned cropland (as controls) were collected in the National Field Observation and Research Station of Shenyang Agroecosystems in the spring (May), summer (July), autumn (September) and winter (November) of 2019. Soil nematodes were identified and the corresponding ecological indices were analyzed.
Results: The results showed that the total abundance of soil nematodes was significantly higher in abandoned cropland than that in cropland soils, but no significant differences were observed among four seasons. Seasonal variation mainly influenced the abundance of soil free-living nematode individuals, with the highest abundance occurring in September. Seasonal variation also significantly affected the number of soil nematode genera, which was the lowest in November (non-growing season). Compared to the abandoned cropland, farmland management significantly reduced the abundance of soil nematodes including omnivores-predators and fungivores.
Conclusions: In cropland, the soil food web was relatively stable, whereas abandoned cropland was more susceptible to seasonal variations, and its soil food web was moderately disturbed.

Key words: seasonal variation, cropland, abandoned cropland, soil nematode diversity, community composition, trophic group

Xiaotong Liu, Yijia Tian, Hanwen Liu, Cuiying Liang, Siwei Jiang, Wenju Liang, Xiaoke Zhang. Seasonal variation in cropland soil nematode community composition in the lower reaches of Liaohe Plain[J]. Biodiv Sci, 2022, 30(12): 22222.

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URL: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/10.17520/biods.2022222

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/Y2022/V30/I12/22222

Figures/Tables 7

Fig. 1 Diagram of sampling locations in the experiment area. Solid points represent cropland sampling areas. Red hollow points represent abandoned cropland sampling areas.

Fig. 2 Seasonal variation of the nematode abundance. Different capital letters indicate that there were significant differences between the cropland and abandoned cropland.

Fig. 3 Relative abundance (%) of top 10 soil nematode genera at different seasons. (a) Cropland, (b) Abandoned cropland.

Fig. 4 Seasonal variation in the abundance of soil nematode trophic groups. PP, Plant-parasites; FF, Fungivores; BF, Bacterivores; OP, Omnivores-predators. Different lowercase letters indicate that there were significant differences in different seasons.

Fig. 5 Seasonal variation in the alpha diversity of soil nematodes. Different lowercase letters indicate that there were significant differences in different seasons.

Fig. 6 Results of soil nematode faunal analysis. A, Quadrant A; B, Quadrant B; C, Quadrant C; D, Quadrant D.

Fig. 7 Principal coordinate analysis of soil nematode communities among different seasons. (a) May; (b) July; (c) September; (d) November. ***, P < 0.001.

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