Biodiv Sci ›› 2020, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (8): 993-1002. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2020065
• Special Feature: Butterfly Diversity Monitoring • Previous Articles Next Articles
Zhifeng Xu1,2, Wen Zhong1,2, Dongkang Zhang1, Hongying Hu1,2,*()
Received:
2020-03-02
Accepted:
2020-06-22
Online:
2020-08-20
Published:
2020-09-29
Contact:
Hongying Hu
Zhifeng Xu, Wen Zhong, Dongkang Zhang, Hongying Hu. Diversity of butterfly communities in Jimusaer County, Xinjiang[J]. Biodiv Sci, 2020, 28(8): 993-1002.
生境类型 Habitat type | 地点 Monitoring sites | 经纬度 Locality | 海拔 Altitude (m) | 植被类型 Vegetation type |
---|---|---|---|---|
I | 大有镇马家村 Majia Village, Dayou Town | 89°03′59″ E | 790-1,050 | 盐柴类半灌木、小半灌木 Salt wood subshrub, undershrub |
44°54′13″ N | ||||
II | 大有镇小份子村 Xiaofenzi Village, Dayou Town | 89°02′38″ E | 990-1,358 | 一年一熟旱地作物 Upland crop once a year |
43°48′30″ N | ||||
III | 渭户沟村深沟湾 Shengou Bay, Weihu Gou Village | 89°01′43″ E | 1,470-1,676 | 强旱生丛生禾草、旱生半灌木 Xeric grasses, xeric subshrub |
43°47′03″ N | ||||
IV | 渭户沟村护林站南 South of Forest Protection Station, Weihu Gou Village | 89°01′01″ E | 1,748-1,903 | 雪岭云杉林、灌木 Picea schrenkiana forest, shrubs |
43°46′06″ N | ||||
V | 渭户沟村护林站 Forest Protection Station, Weihu Gou Village | 88°59′25″ E | 1,852-2,112 | 强旱生丛生禾草、旱生半灌木 Xeric grasses, xeric subshrub |
43°43′58″ N |
Table 1 Typical habitat types in Jimusaer County
生境类型 Habitat type | 地点 Monitoring sites | 经纬度 Locality | 海拔 Altitude (m) | 植被类型 Vegetation type |
---|---|---|---|---|
I | 大有镇马家村 Majia Village, Dayou Town | 89°03′59″ E | 790-1,050 | 盐柴类半灌木、小半灌木 Salt wood subshrub, undershrub |
44°54′13″ N | ||||
II | 大有镇小份子村 Xiaofenzi Village, Dayou Town | 89°02′38″ E | 990-1,358 | 一年一熟旱地作物 Upland crop once a year |
43°48′30″ N | ||||
III | 渭户沟村深沟湾 Shengou Bay, Weihu Gou Village | 89°01′43″ E | 1,470-1,676 | 强旱生丛生禾草、旱生半灌木 Xeric grasses, xeric subshrub |
43°47′03″ N | ||||
IV | 渭户沟村护林站南 South of Forest Protection Station, Weihu Gou Village | 89°01′01″ E | 1,748-1,903 | 雪岭云杉林、灌木 Picea schrenkiana forest, shrubs |
43°46′06″ N | ||||
V | 渭户沟村护林站 Forest Protection Station, Weihu Gou Village | 88°59′25″ E | 1,852-2,112 | 强旱生丛生禾草、旱生半灌木 Xeric grasses, xeric subshrub |
43°43′58″ N |
种 Species | 个体数 No. of individuals | 总计 Total | 相对多度Relative abundance (%) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
山前荒漠 Piedmont desert | 农田 Farmland | 山地草原 Mountain grassland | 山地森林 Mountain forest | 亚高山草甸 Subalpine meadow | |||
斑缘豆粉蝶 Colias erate | 74 | 121 | 136 | 56 | 30 | 417 | 9.48 |
豆粉蝶 Colias hyale | 2 | 11 | 10 | 15 | 19 | 57 | 1.30 |
菜粉蝶 Pieris rapae | 11 | 155 | 118 | 51 | 12 | 347 | 7.88 |
暗脉粉蝶 Pieris napi | 0 | 67 | 38 | 71 | 13 | 189 | 4.29 |
黑纹粉蝶 Pieris melete | 0 | 4 | 10 | 8 | 1 | 23 | 0.52 |
欧洲粉蝶 Pieris brassicae | 20 | 131 | 45 | 30 | 15 | 241 | 5.48 |
云粉蝶 Pieris brassicae | 473 | 261 | 292 | 55 | 27 | 1,108 | 25.18 |
绿云粉蝶 Pontia chloridice | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0.05 |
箭纹云粉蝶 Pontia callidice | 0 | 0 | 0 | 30 | 7 | 37 | 0.84 |
斑网蛱蝶 Melitaea didymoides | 5 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 41 | 48 | 1.09 |
狄网蛱蝶 Melitaea didyma | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 63 | 70 | 1.59 |
大网蛱蝶 Melitaea scotosia | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0.05 |
荨麻蛱蝶 Aglais urticae | 0 | 190 | 88 | 151 | 102 | 531 | 12.07 |
单环蛱蝶 Neptis rivularis | 0 | 3 | 1 | 12 | 12 | 28 | 0.64 |
灿福蛱蝶 Fabriciana adippe | 0 | 3 | 20 | 89 | 58 | 170 | 3.86 |
福蛱蝶 Fabriciana niobe | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 0.07 |
小红蛱蝶 Vanessa cardui | 1 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 9 | 0.20 |
绿豹蛱蝶 Argynnis paphia | 0 | 0 | 0 | 35 | 1 | 36 | 0.82 |
潘豹蛱蝶 Pandoriana pandora | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0.02 |
朱蛱蝶 Nymphalis xanthomelas | 0 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 16 | 19 | 0.43 |
珠蛱蝶 Issoria lathonia | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 0.09 |
玄灰蝶 Tongeia fischeri | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 0.07 |
阿点灰蝶 Agrodiaetus amandus | 0 | 22 | 54 | 5 | 6 | 87 | 1.98 |
璃灰蝶 Celastrina argiola | 0 | 34 | 28 | 2 | 4 | 68 | 1.55 |
克豆灰蝶 Plebejus christophi | 69 | 7 | 11 | 4 | 0 | 91 | 2.07 |
埃灰蝶 Eumedonia eumedon | 1 | 8 | 11 | 39 | 25 | 84 | 1.91 |
萨眼灰蝶 Polyommatus sarta | 1 | 4 | 0 | 3 | 6 | 14 | 0.32 |
多眼灰蝶 Polyommatus erotides | 0 | 0 | 18 | 2 | 9 | 29 | 0.66 |
红珠灰蝶 Lycaeides argyrognomon | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0.02 |
黄衬云眼蝶 Hyponephele lupina | 39 | 34 | 52 | 94 | 42 | 261 | 5.93 |
居间云眼蝶 Hyponephele interposita | 6 | 12 | 12 | 34 | 23 | 87 | 1.98 |
珂云眼蝶 Hyponephele kirghisa | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0.02 |
仁眼蝶 Eumenis autonoe | 1 | 0 | 2 | 13 | 3 | 19 | 0.43 |
侧条槁眼蝶 Karanasa latifasciata | 0 | 0 | 1 | 68 | 60 | 129 | 2.93 |
白室岩眼蝶 Chazara heydenreichii | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 36 | 42 | 0.95 |
星点弄蝶 Muschampia tessellum | 0 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 9 | 0.20 |
*阿波罗绢蝶 Paranssius apollo | 0 | 0 | 2 | 30 | 101 | 133 | 3.02 |
金凤蝶 Papilio machaon | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0.02 |
Table 2 Species and individual number of butterflies from different habitats in Jimusaer County, Xinjiang
种 Species | 个体数 No. of individuals | 总计 Total | 相对多度Relative abundance (%) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
山前荒漠 Piedmont desert | 农田 Farmland | 山地草原 Mountain grassland | 山地森林 Mountain forest | 亚高山草甸 Subalpine meadow | |||
斑缘豆粉蝶 Colias erate | 74 | 121 | 136 | 56 | 30 | 417 | 9.48 |
豆粉蝶 Colias hyale | 2 | 11 | 10 | 15 | 19 | 57 | 1.30 |
菜粉蝶 Pieris rapae | 11 | 155 | 118 | 51 | 12 | 347 | 7.88 |
暗脉粉蝶 Pieris napi | 0 | 67 | 38 | 71 | 13 | 189 | 4.29 |
黑纹粉蝶 Pieris melete | 0 | 4 | 10 | 8 | 1 | 23 | 0.52 |
欧洲粉蝶 Pieris brassicae | 20 | 131 | 45 | 30 | 15 | 241 | 5.48 |
云粉蝶 Pieris brassicae | 473 | 261 | 292 | 55 | 27 | 1,108 | 25.18 |
绿云粉蝶 Pontia chloridice | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0.05 |
箭纹云粉蝶 Pontia callidice | 0 | 0 | 0 | 30 | 7 | 37 | 0.84 |
斑网蛱蝶 Melitaea didymoides | 5 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 41 | 48 | 1.09 |
狄网蛱蝶 Melitaea didyma | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 63 | 70 | 1.59 |
大网蛱蝶 Melitaea scotosia | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0.05 |
荨麻蛱蝶 Aglais urticae | 0 | 190 | 88 | 151 | 102 | 531 | 12.07 |
单环蛱蝶 Neptis rivularis | 0 | 3 | 1 | 12 | 12 | 28 | 0.64 |
灿福蛱蝶 Fabriciana adippe | 0 | 3 | 20 | 89 | 58 | 170 | 3.86 |
福蛱蝶 Fabriciana niobe | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 0.07 |
小红蛱蝶 Vanessa cardui | 1 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 9 | 0.20 |
绿豹蛱蝶 Argynnis paphia | 0 | 0 | 0 | 35 | 1 | 36 | 0.82 |
潘豹蛱蝶 Pandoriana pandora | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0.02 |
朱蛱蝶 Nymphalis xanthomelas | 0 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 16 | 19 | 0.43 |
珠蛱蝶 Issoria lathonia | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 0.09 |
玄灰蝶 Tongeia fischeri | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 0.07 |
阿点灰蝶 Agrodiaetus amandus | 0 | 22 | 54 | 5 | 6 | 87 | 1.98 |
璃灰蝶 Celastrina argiola | 0 | 34 | 28 | 2 | 4 | 68 | 1.55 |
克豆灰蝶 Plebejus christophi | 69 | 7 | 11 | 4 | 0 | 91 | 2.07 |
埃灰蝶 Eumedonia eumedon | 1 | 8 | 11 | 39 | 25 | 84 | 1.91 |
萨眼灰蝶 Polyommatus sarta | 1 | 4 | 0 | 3 | 6 | 14 | 0.32 |
多眼灰蝶 Polyommatus erotides | 0 | 0 | 18 | 2 | 9 | 29 | 0.66 |
红珠灰蝶 Lycaeides argyrognomon | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0.02 |
黄衬云眼蝶 Hyponephele lupina | 39 | 34 | 52 | 94 | 42 | 261 | 5.93 |
居间云眼蝶 Hyponephele interposita | 6 | 12 | 12 | 34 | 23 | 87 | 1.98 |
珂云眼蝶 Hyponephele kirghisa | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0.02 |
仁眼蝶 Eumenis autonoe | 1 | 0 | 2 | 13 | 3 | 19 | 0.43 |
侧条槁眼蝶 Karanasa latifasciata | 0 | 0 | 1 | 68 | 60 | 129 | 2.93 |
白室岩眼蝶 Chazara heydenreichii | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 36 | 42 | 0.95 |
星点弄蝶 Muschampia tessellum | 0 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 9 | 0.20 |
*阿波罗绢蝶 Paranssius apollo | 0 | 0 | 2 | 30 | 101 | 133 | 3.02 |
金凤蝶 Papilio machaon | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0.02 |
科名 Famaly | 属数 Genera | 种数 Species | 个体数 Individuals | 多样性指数 Diversity index (H′) | 物种丰富度 Species richness (R) | 均匀度指数 Evenness index (J) | 优势度指数Dominance index (D) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
H′ (G) | H′ (S) | H′ (GS) | |||||||
粉蝶科Pieridae | 3 | 9 | 2,421 | 1.04 | 1.57 | 2.61 | 1.03 | 0.71 | 0.28 |
蛱蝶科 Papilionidae | 9 | 12 | 921 | 1.20 | 1.40 | 2.69 | 1.61 | 0.56 | 0.38 |
灰蝶科 Lycaenidae | 7 | 8 | 377 | 1.63 | 1.70 | 3.33 | 1.18 | 0.82 | 0.20 |
眼蝶科 Satyridae | 4 | 6 | 539 | 0.94 | 1.32 | 2.26 | 0.79 | 0.73 | 0.33 |
弄蝶科 Hesperiidae | 1 | 1 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
绢蝶科 Parnassiidae | 1 | 1 | 133 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
凤蝶科 Papilionidae | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Table 3 Quantitative characteristics of butterfly communities in Jimusaer County, Xinjiang
科名 Famaly | 属数 Genera | 种数 Species | 个体数 Individuals | 多样性指数 Diversity index (H′) | 物种丰富度 Species richness (R) | 均匀度指数 Evenness index (J) | 优势度指数Dominance index (D) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
H′ (G) | H′ (S) | H′ (GS) | |||||||
粉蝶科Pieridae | 3 | 9 | 2,421 | 1.04 | 1.57 | 2.61 | 1.03 | 0.71 | 0.28 |
蛱蝶科 Papilionidae | 9 | 12 | 921 | 1.20 | 1.40 | 2.69 | 1.61 | 0.56 | 0.38 |
灰蝶科 Lycaenidae | 7 | 8 | 377 | 1.63 | 1.70 | 3.33 | 1.18 | 0.82 | 0.20 |
眼蝶科 Satyridae | 4 | 6 | 539 | 0.94 | 1.32 | 2.26 | 0.79 | 0.73 | 0.33 |
弄蝶科 Hesperiidae | 1 | 1 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
绢蝶科 Parnassiidae | 1 | 1 | 133 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
凤蝶科 Papilionidae | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
生境 Habitat | 科数 Family | 属数 Genera | 种数 Species | 个体数 Individual | 多样性指数 Diversity index (H′) | 物种丰富度 Species richness (R) | 均匀度指数 Evenness index (J) | 优势度指数 Dominance index (D) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
H′ (F) | H′ (G) | H′ (S) | H′ (GS) | ||||||||
山前荒漠 Piedmont desert | 4 | 10 | 15 | 711 | 0.65 | 1.16 | 1.24 | 2.40 | 2.13 | 0.46 | 0.47 |
农田 Farmland | 5 | 15 | 21 | 1,075 | 0.91 | 1.76 | 2.19 | 3.95 | 2.87 | 0.73 | 0.15 |
山地草原 Mountain grassland | 6 | 20 | 26 | 959 | 0.99 | 2.00 | 2.32 | 4.33 | 3.64 | 0.34 | 0.15 |
山地森林 Mountain forest | 5 | 21 | 29 | 910 | 1.35 | 2.39 | 2.79 | 5.17 | 4.11 | 0.41 | 0.08 |
亚高山草甸 Subalpine meadow | 7 | 23 | 33 | 746 | 1.49 | 2.59 | 2.90 | 5.50 | 4.84 | 0.44 | 0.07 |
Table 4 Diversity indices of butterfly communities in different habitats in Jimusaer County, Xinjiang
生境 Habitat | 科数 Family | 属数 Genera | 种数 Species | 个体数 Individual | 多样性指数 Diversity index (H′) | 物种丰富度 Species richness (R) | 均匀度指数 Evenness index (J) | 优势度指数 Dominance index (D) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
H′ (F) | H′ (G) | H′ (S) | H′ (GS) | ||||||||
山前荒漠 Piedmont desert | 4 | 10 | 15 | 711 | 0.65 | 1.16 | 1.24 | 2.40 | 2.13 | 0.46 | 0.47 |
农田 Farmland | 5 | 15 | 21 | 1,075 | 0.91 | 1.76 | 2.19 | 3.95 | 2.87 | 0.73 | 0.15 |
山地草原 Mountain grassland | 6 | 20 | 26 | 959 | 0.99 | 2.00 | 2.32 | 4.33 | 3.64 | 0.34 | 0.15 |
山地森林 Mountain forest | 5 | 21 | 29 | 910 | 1.35 | 2.39 | 2.79 | 5.17 | 4.11 | 0.41 | 0.08 |
亚高山草甸 Subalpine meadow | 7 | 23 | 33 | 746 | 1.49 | 2.59 | 2.90 | 5.50 | 4.84 | 0.44 | 0.07 |
Fig. 1 Similarity clustering analysis of butterfly species in different habitats in Jimusaer County, Xinjiang. Ⅰ, Piedmont desert; Ⅱ, Farmland; Ⅲ, Mountain grassland; Ⅳ, Mountain forest; Ⅴ, Subalpine meadow.
生境 Habitat | 山前荒漠 Piedmont desert | 农田 Farmland | 山地草原 Mountain grassland | 山地森林 Mountain forest | 亚高山草甸 Subalpine meadow |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
山前荒漠 Piedmont desert | 10 | 11 | 13 | 13 | |
农田 Farmland | 0.38 | 20 | 18 | 19 | |
山地草原 Mountain grassland | 0.37 | 0.74 | 22 | 22 | |
山地森林 Mountain forest | 0.42 | 0.56 | 0.67 | 27 | |
亚高山草甸 Subalpine meadow | 0.37 | 0.54 | 0.59 | 0.77 |
Table 5 Number of the shared species (above diagonal) between two habitats and similarity coefficient (below diagonal) in Jimusaer County
生境 Habitat | 山前荒漠 Piedmont desert | 农田 Farmland | 山地草原 Mountain grassland | 山地森林 Mountain forest | 亚高山草甸 Subalpine meadow |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
山前荒漠 Piedmont desert | 10 | 11 | 13 | 13 | |
农田 Farmland | 0.38 | 20 | 18 | 19 | |
山地草原 Mountain grassland | 0.37 | 0.74 | 22 | 22 | |
山地森林 Mountain forest | 0.42 | 0.56 | 0.67 | 27 | |
亚高山草甸 Subalpine meadow | 0.37 | 0.54 | 0.59 | 0.77 |
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