According to field investigation,the population of the black-necked crane (Grus nigricollus )is determined of 5000～6000 individuals distributed mainly through Qinghai-Xizang (Tibet) Plateau and Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau.Its extent of occurrence is more than 22×10⁵ Km² and area of occupancy is more than 5400 Km².Breeding area has been found in northern and west Tibet Plateau and wintering area in the middle valley of Tsangpo,parts of Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau and southern slope of Himalaya.The migratory routes are over the southeast Tibet Plateau.In wintering area,the Black-necked crane acts with family,same species group and mixed species group such as Common crane (Grus grus) and Bar-headed geese (Anser indicus).In breeding area,the Black-necked crane are separated  into no-breeding group and breeding pairs.Territory occupied by breeding pair may be a key to breeding successfully.This species is evaluated as a vulnerable (VU) species according to the endangred categories of IUCN (1994).