Fish diversity and threat factors in the Yunnan section of the Nujiang River

doi:10.17520/biods.2024076

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims: The Nujiang River is an important international river in southwestern China and one of the six major drainages in Yunnan. This study aims to understand the fish diversity and threat factors in the Yunnan section of the Nujiang River.

Methods: A systematic survey of 53 sampling sites in the Yunnan section of Nujiang River from 2019 to 2020 was conducted. The indices of Margalef species richness index, Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Pielou’s evenness index, Simpson dominance index was used to evaluate the diversity of fishes. Jaccard similarity index was used to evaluate the similarity of fish community structures in different rivers or reaches. The index of relative importance (IRI) was calculated to determine the dominant species. Pheatmap are used to analyze the threat factors.

Results: A total of 89 fish species belonging to 59 genera, 26 families, and 9 orders were recorded in the Yunnan section of the Nujiang River. In this study, 51 fish species belonging to 42 genera, 20 families and 6 orders were collected. The IRI analysis found that the dominant species in the Yunnan section of the Nujiang River was Schistura poculi, and the index score was much higher than other fish species. The species diversity index showed that the Shannon-Wiener index, Margalef species richness index, Simpson dominance index, and Pielou’s evenness index of the Yunnan section of Nujiang River is 2.10, 5.91, 0.71, and 0.53, respectively. The mainstream of Nujiang River and its two larger tributaries, the Luomingba River and the Mengboluo River, had higher fish diversity. Similarity analysis showed that the fish composition of each section or river in the Yunnan section of the Nujiang River was quite different. Threat factor analysis found that the most threatening factors to the fish diversity in Yunnan section of the Nujiang River were agricultural and household waste pollution, fishing, invasive alien species, and hydraulic engineering and hydropower engineering construction.

Conclusions: Agricultural and household waste pollution, fishing, invasive alien species, and hydroelectric project construction are the most threatening factors to the fish diversity in Yunnan section of Nujiang River. This study provides basic survey data for the conservation and scientific management of fish diversity in the Yunnan section of Nujiang River. This information will be useful for the ecological protection and high-quality development of Nujiang River basin.

Key words: Nujiang River, fish resources, fish diversity, threat factors

Zuopeng Zhang, Chenyang Yao, Ling Wu, Zunlan Luo, Guang Sun, Zongyong Guo, Xiaosi Li, Feng Lin, Xiaoyong Chen. Fish diversity and threat factors in the Yunnan section of the Nujiang River[J]. Biodiv Sci, 2024, 32(7): 24076.

Add to citation manager EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

URL: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/10.17520/biods.2024076

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/Y2024/V32/I7/24076

Figures/Tables 7

References 63

[1]	Arthington AH, Dulvy NK, Gladstone W, Winfield IJ (2016) Fish conservation in freshwater and marine realms: Status, threats and management. Aquatic Conservation Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems, 26, 838-857.
[2]	Chen QJ, Sun ZX, Li XJ, Zhang R, Xi R, Tian C, Wang X, Xing YC, Zhao YH (2022) Fish diversity of Wuyishan National Park and its adjacent areas. Biodiversity Science, 30, 22260. (in Chinese with English abstract) DOI
	[陈秋菊, 孙智闲, 李雪健, 张睿, 席蕊, 田晨, 王鑫, 邢迎春, 赵亚辉 (2022) 武夷山国家公园及其周边鱼类多样性. 生物多样性, 30, 22260.] DOI
[3]	Chen WT, Ma XH, Shen YJ, Mao YT, He SP (2015) The fish diversity in the upper reaches of the Salween River, Nujiang River, revealed by DNA barcoding. Scientific Reports, 5, 17437. DOI PMID
[4]	Chen XY (2013) Checklist of fishes of Yunnan. Zoological Research, 34, 281-337. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[陈小勇 (2013) 云南鱼类名录. 动物学研究, 34, 281-337.]
[5]	Chen YR, Chu XL (1991) On the fishes of Gaoligongshan Natural Conservation Region. Resources Development and Conservation, 7, 215-219. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[陈银瑞, 褚新洛 (1991) 高黎贡山自然保护区的鱼类. 资源开发与保护, 7, 215-219.]
[6]	Chen YR, Yang JX, Li ZY (1998) The diversity and present status of fishes in Yunnan Province. Chinese Biodiversity, 6, 272-277. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[陈银瑞, 杨君兴, 李再云 (1998) 云南鱼类多样性和面临的危机. 生物多样性, 6, 272-277.]
[7]	Chen YY (1998a) Fishes of the Hengduan Mountains Region. Science Press, Beijing. (in Chinese)
	[陈宜瑜 (1998a) 横断山区鱼类. 科学出版社, 北京.]
[8]	Chen YY (1998b) Fauna Sinica·Osteichthyes·Cypriniformes (II). Science Press, Beijing. (in Chinese)
	[陈宜瑜 (1998b) 中国动物志·硬骨鱼纲·鲤形目(中卷). 科学出版社, 北京.]
[9]	Chen ZS, An B, Wang ZW, Wu FN, Sun ZY, Zhang LX (2021) Fish diversity and conservation in the Lanzhou reach of the Yellow River. Biodiversity Science, 29, 1658-1672. (in Chinese with English abstract) DOI
	[陈召松, 安蓓, 王子旺, 吴发宁, 孙章运, 张立勋 (2021) 黄河兰州段鱼类多样性与保护. 生物多样性, 29, 1658-1672.] DOI
[10]	Chu XL, Chen YR (1989) Fishes of Yunnan, China, Part I. Science Press, Beijing. (in Chinese)
	[褚新洛, 陈银瑞 (1989) 云南鱼类志(上册). 科学出版社, 北京.]
[11]	Chu XL, Chen YR (1990) Fishes of Yunnan, China, Part II. Science Press, Beijing. (in Chinese)
	[褚新洛, 陈银瑞 (1990) 云南鱼类志(下册). 科学出版社, 北京.]
[12]	Chu XL, Zheng BS, Dai DY (1999) Fauna Sinica·Osteichthyes·Siluriforms. Science Press, Beijing. (in Chinese)
	[褚新洛, 郑葆珊, 戴定远 (1999) 中国动物志·硬骨鱼纲·鲇形目. 科学出版社, 北京.]
[13]	Dai MM, Yang K, Li S, Wang XD, Song ZB (2019) Fish diversity and resource status in the Nanguang River, a tributary of upper Yangtze River. Biodiversity Science, 27, 1081-1089. (in Chinese with English abstract) DOI
	[代梦梦, 杨坤, 黎树, 王小东, 宋昭彬 (2019) 长江上游支流南广河的鱼类多样性及资源现状. 生物多样性, 27, 1081-1089.] DOI
[14]	Ding LY, Tao J, Tang BL, Sun JR, Ding CZ, He DM (2023) Anguillids in the upper Nu-Salween River, South-East Asia: Species composition, distributions, natal sources and conservation implications. Marine and Freshwater Research, 74, 614-624.
[15]	Du YB, Tu WS, Yang L, Gu DE, Guo BC, Liu X (2023) Review of the impacts of invasive alien vertebrates on biodiversity. Scientia Sinica (Vitae), 53, 1035-1054. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[杜元宝, 涂炜山, 杨乐, 顾党恩, 郭宝成, 刘宣 (2023) 外来入侵脊椎动物对生物多样性危害的研究进展. 中国科学: 生命科学, 53, 1035-1054.]
[16]	Dudgeon D (2011) Asian River fishes in the Anthropocene: Threats and conservation challenges in an era of rapid environmental change. Journal of Fish Biology, 79, 1487-1524. DOI PMID
[17]	Fu GQ, Qin T, Chen XY, Lei CY, Li GH (2021) Composition and species diversity of fishes in Xishuangbanna reach of Lancang River. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 41, 9557-9573. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[付贵权, 秦涛, 陈小勇, 雷春云, 李光华 (2021) 澜沧江西双版纳段鱼类组成和物种多样性. 生态学报, 41, 9557-9573.]
[18]	Gao ZW, Sun H, Jiang XL (2021) The List of Invasive Species in Yunnan (2019). Yunnan Science and Technology Press, Kunming. (in Chinese)
	[高正文, 孙航, 蒋学龙 (2021) 云南省外来入侵物种名录(2019版). 云南科技出版社, 昆明.]
[19]	Grill G, Lehner B, Thieme M, Geenen B, Tickner D, Antonelli F, Babu S, Borrelli P, Cheng L, Crochetiere H, Macedo HE, Filgueiras R, Goichot M, Higgins J, Hogan Z, Lip B, McClain ME, Meng J, Mulligan M, Nilsson C, Olden JD, Opperman JJ, Petry P, Liermann CR, Sáenz L, Salinas-Rodríguez S, Schelle P, Schmitt RJP, Snider J, Tan F, Tockner K, Valdujo PH, van Soesbergen A, Zarfl C (2019) Mapping the world’s free-flowing rivers. Nature, 569, 215-221.
[20]	He DM, Liu CM, Feng Y, Hu JM, Ji X, Li YG (2014) Progress and perspective of international river researches in China. Acta Geographica Sinica, 69, 1284-1294. (in Chinese with English abstract) DOI
	[何大明, 刘昌明, 冯彦, 胡金明, 季漩, 李运刚 (2014) 中国国际河流研究进展及展望. 地理学报, 69, 1284-1294.] DOI
[21]	He SF, Tang L, Wang J, Zhu CX, Li T, Mo KL, Chen QW (2021) Effects of dam removal on fish community structure and spatial distribution in Heishui River. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 41, 3525-3534. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[何术锋, 唐磊, 王骏, 朱晨曦, 李婷, 莫康乐, 陈求稳 (2021) 水坝拆除对黑水河鱼类群落结构和空间分布的影响. 生态学报, 41, 3525-3534.]
[22]	Hong YX, Liu DS, Ma HH, Chen YC, Chen QW, Shi WQ, Zhu HY (2022) Effects of fish habitat substitution in tributaries under the cascade hydropower development of Lancang River. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 42, 3191-3205. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[洪迎新, 刘东升, 马宏海, 陈宇琛, 陈求稳, 施文卿, 朱昊彧 (2022) 澜沧江梯级开发下鱼类支流生境替代效果. 生态学报, 42, 3191-3205.]
[23]	Hong YX, Shi WQ, Chen YC, Liu DS, Ma HH, Zhu HY, Chen QW (2021) Succession of fish community in the mainstream of Lancang River during cascade hydropower development. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 41, 235-253. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[洪迎新, 施文卿, 陈宇琛, 刘东升, 马宏海, 朱昊彧, 陈求稳 (2021) 水电梯级开发进程中澜沧江干流鱼类群落演变特征. 生态学报, 41, 235-253.]
[24]	Huang ZL, Li HY (2024) Dams trigger exponential population declines of migratory fish. Science Advances, 10, eadi6580.
[25]	Isbell F, Craven D, Connolly J, Loreau M, Schmid B, Beierkuhnlein C, Bezemer TM, Bonin C, Bruelheide H, de Luca E, Ebeling A, Griffin JN, Guo QF, Hautier Y, Hector A, Jentsch A, Kreyling J, Lanta V, Manning P, Meyer ST, Mori AS, Naeem S, Niklaus PA, Polley HW, Reich PB, Roscher C, Seabloom EW, Smith MD, Thakur MP, Tilman D, Tracy BF, van der Putten WH, van Ruijven J, Weigelt A, Weisser WW, Wilsey B, Eisenhauer N (2015) Biodiversity increases the resistance of ecosystem productivity to climate extremes. Nature, 526, 574-577.
[26]	IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) (2023) The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. https://www.iucnredlist.org (accessed on 2023-12-20)
[27]	Li S, Chen JK, Wang XM (2016) Global distribution, entry routes, mechanisms and consequences of invasive freshwater fish. Biodiversity Science, 24, 672-685. (in Chinese with English abstract) DOI
	[郦珊, 陈家宽, 王小明 (2016) 淡水鱼类入侵种的分布、入侵途径、机制与后果. 生物多样性, 24, 672-685.] DOI
[28]	Li T, Tang L, Wang L, An L, Wang J, Mo KL, Chen QW (2020) Distribution characteristics and ecological types changes in fish communities under hydropower development from Xiluodu to Xiangjiaba reach. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 40, 1473-1485. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[李婷, 唐磊, 王丽, 安磊, 王骏, 莫康乐, 陈求稳 (2020) 水电开发对鱼类种群分布及生态类型变化的影响——以溪洛渡至向家坝河段为例. 生态学报, 40, 1473-1485.]
[29]	Li XJ, Jia PY, Niu CY, Xing YC, Li HL, Liu HB, Tang WQ, Zhao YH (2020) Species diversity of freshwater fish and assessment on watershed health in the Irtysh River and Ulungur River Basins in Xinjiang, China. Biodiversity Science, 28, 422-434. (in Chinese with English abstract) DOI
	[李雪健, 贾佩尧, 牛诚祎, 邢迎春, 李浩林, 刘海波, 唐文乔, 赵亚辉 (2020) 新疆阿勒泰地区额尔齐斯河和乌伦古河流域鱼类多样性演变和流域健康评价. 生物多样性, 28, 422-434.] DOI
[30]	Liang C, Liu K, Wang XD, Li S, Wu B, Xiang P, Song ZB (2021) Status of fish resources in the Sichuan Nuoshuihe Precious Aquatic Animal National Nature Reserve. Biodiversity Science, 29, 938-949. (in Chinese with English abstract) DOI
	[梁聪, 刘衎, 王小东, 黎树, 吴波, 向朋, 宋昭彬 (2021) 四川诺水河珍稀水生动物国家级自然保护区鱼类资源现状. 生物多样性, 29, 938-949.] DOI
[31]	Lin F, Qin T, Chen XY, Zhang J (2021) Collection, Preparation and Preservation of Fish Specimens. Bio-101, e1010672. (in Chinese)
	[林峰, 秦涛, 陈小勇, 张洁 (2021) 鱼类野外采集与标本制作保存. Bio-101, e1010672.]
[32]	Liu SP, Liu MD, Zhang YG, Cao T, Yue XJ (2016) Investigation and Protection of Aquatic Species Resources in the Nujiang River. Science Press, Beijing. (in Chinese)
	[刘绍平, 刘明典, 张耀光, 曹特, 岳兴建 (2016) 怒江水生生物物种资源调查与保护. 科学出版社, 北京.]
[33]	Ma KP, Liu CR, Liu YM (1995) Measurement of biotic community diversity. II. β diversity. Chinese Biodiversity, 3, 38-43. (in Chinese)
	[马克平, 刘灿然, 刘玉明 (1995) 生物群落多样性的测度方法. II. β多样性的测度方法. 生物多样性, 3, 38-43.]
[34]	Margalef R (1958) Information theory in biology. General Systems Yearbook, 3, 36-71.
[35]	Myers N, Mittermeier RA, Mittermeier CG, da Fonseca GA, Kent J (2000) Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities. Nature, 403, 853-858.
[36]	Nie YK, Chen PM, Zhou YB, Yuan HR, Feng X, Li Y, Hong JZ, Zhou ZG, Huang ZQ (2017) Advances in ecological risk assessment of aquatic organism enhancement. Ecological Science, 36, 236-243. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[聂永康, 陈丕茂, 周艳波, 袁华荣, 冯雪, 李勇, 洪洁漳, 周治刚, 黄泽强 (2017) 水生生物增殖放流生态风险评价研究进展. 生态科学, 36, 236-243.]
[37]	Northcote TG (1988) Fish in the structure and function of freshwater ecosystems: A “top-down” view. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 45, 361-379.
[38]	Pielou EC (1975) Ecological Diversity. John Wiley & Sons, New York.
[39]	Pinkas L, Oliphant MS, Iverson ILK (1971) Food habits of albacore, bluefin tuna, and bonito in California waters. Fish Bulletin, 152, 1-105.
[40]	Qu X, Liu H, Yang M, Xin W, Wang WM, Chen YS (2022) Characteristics of fish communities and driving factors under urbanization in typical river basins in Shenzhen City, China. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 42, 10029-10040. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[屈霄, 刘晗, 阳敏, 辛未, 王伟民, 陈宇顺 (2022) 城镇化背景下深圳典型流域鱼类群落特征及驱动因子. 生态学报, 42, 10029-10040.]
[41]	Rahel FJ, Olden JD (2008) Assessing the effects of climate change on aquatic invasive species. Conservation Biology, 22, 521-533. DOI PMID
[42]	Shannon CE, Wiener W (1949) The Mathematical Theory of Communication. University of Illinois Press, Urbana.
[43]	Shi WY, Li GF, Qi B, Xiao MY (2012) Precipitation trend and cycle analysis of upper and middle reaches of Nujiang River Basin. Water Resources and Power, 30(4), 9-11, 214. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[史雯雨, 李国芳, 齐滨, 肖淼元 (2012) 怒江中上游流域降水趋势和周期变化分析. 水电能源科学, 30(4), 9-11, 214.]
[44]	Simpson EH (1949) Measurement of diversity. Nature, 163, 688.
[45]	Su GH, Logez M, Xu J, Tao SL, Villéger S, Brosse S (2021) Human impacts on global freshwater fish biodiversity. Science, 371, 835-838. DOI PMID
[46]	Tan M, Armbruster JW (2018) Phylogenetic classification of extant genera of fishes of the order Cypriniformes (Teleostei: Ostariophysi). Zootaxa, 4476, 6-39. DOI PMID
[47]	Van Der Laan R, Eschmeyer WN, Fricke R (2014) Family- group names of recent fishes. Zootaxa, 3882, 1-230.
[48]	Vitousek PM, Mooney HA, Lubchenco J, Melillo JM (1997) Human domination of earth’s ecosystems. Science, 277, 494-499.
[49]	Wang ZS, Wang XD, Wu B, Xiang P, Wen QC, Li S, Ma DQ, Liu FL, Jin YJ, Song ZB (2023) Fish diversity in the Yongning River, a tributary with small cascade dams in the upper Yangtze River. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 43, 9643-9661. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[王泽松, 王小东, 吴波, 向朋, 文秦超, 黎树, 马代强, 刘峰林, 金燕君, 宋昭彬 (2023) 小型水坝梯级开发对永宁河流域鱼类多样性的影响. 生态学报, 43, 9643-9661.]
[50]	Xiong F, Li WC, Pan JZ (2008) Present status of alien fishes and analysis of relative problems in Fuxian Lake in Yunnan Province. Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi, 20(2), 92-94, 96. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[熊飞, 李文朝, 潘继征 (2008) 云南抚仙湖外来鱼类现状及相关问题分析. 江西农业学报, 20(2), 92-94, 96.]
[51]	Xiong JL, Mei XG, Hu CL (2003) Comparative study on the community structure and biodiversity of zoobenthos in lakes of different pollution states. Journal of Lake Science, 15(2), 160-168. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[熊金林, 梅兴国, 胡传林 (2003) 不同污染程度湖泊底栖动物群落结构及多样性比较. 湖泊科学, 15(2), 160-168.]
[52]	Xu HG, Qiang S (2018) China’s Invasive Alien Species (Revised Edition). Science Press, Beijing. (in Chinese)
	[徐海根, 强胜 (2018) 中国外来入侵生物(修订版). 科学出版社, 北京.]
[53]	Xu WY, Miao XJ, Qiu JR, He WP, He RL, Guo ZY (2009) Investigation report of fish in Nujiang prefecture. Journal of Hydroecology, 30(3), 37-41. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[徐伟毅, 缪祥军, 邱家荣, 贺伟平, 和瑞林, 郭宗勇 (2009) 怒江傈僳族自治州的鱼类调查. 水生态学杂志, 30(3), 37-41.]
[54]	Yan YZ, Xiang XY, Chu L, Zhan YJ, Fu CZ (2011) Influences of local habitat and stream spatial position on fish assemblages in a dammed watershed, the Qingyi Stream, China. Ecology of Freshwater Fish, 20, 199-208.
[55]	Yang JX, Pan XF, Chen XY, Wang XA, Zhao YP, Li JY, Li ZY (2013) Overview of the artificial enhancement and release of endemic freshwater fish in China. Zoological Research, 34, 267-280. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[杨君兴, 潘晓赋, 陈小勇, 王晓爱, 赵亚鹏, 李建友, 李再云 (2013) 中国淡水鱼类人工增殖放流现状. 动物学研究, 34, 267-280.]
[56]	Yang K, Ding CZ, Chen XY, Ding LY, Huang MR, Chen JN, Tao J (2022) Fish diversity and spatial distribution pattern in the Nujiang River Basin. Biodiversity Science, 30, 21334. (in Chinese with English abstract) DOI
	[杨科, 丁城志, 陈小勇, 丁刘勇, 黄敏睿, 陈晋南, 陶捐 (2022) 怒江流域鱼类多样性及空间分布格局. 生物多样性, 30, 21334.] DOI
[57]	Yu HC, Bi BS, Tang WQ, Zhang Y, Guo HY (2021) Changes in fish diversity and assemblage during comprehensive restoration of the Suzhou River in Shanghai. Biodiversity Science, 29, 32-42. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[余宏昌, 毕宝帅, 唐文乔, 张亚, 郭弘艺 (2021) 上海苏州河治理中鱼类多样性及群落结构变化. 生物多样性, 29, 32-42.]
[58]	Yue PQ (2000) Fauna Sinica·Osteichthyes·Cypriniformes (III). Science Press, Beijing. (in Chinese)
	[乐佩琦 (2000) 中国动物志·硬骨鱼纲·鲤形目(下卷). 科学出版社, 北京.]
[59]	Zhang E, Cao WX (2021) China’s Red List of Biodiversity·Vertebrates (V):Freshwater Fishes. Science Press, Beijing. (in Chinese)
	[张鹗, 曹文宣 (2021) 中国生物多样性红色名录·脊椎动物卷(第五卷): 淡水鱼类. 科学出版社, 北京.]
[60]	Zheng LP, Chen XY, Yang JX (2013) Status and conservation of fishes in the middle and lower Langcangjiang River. Zoological Research, 34, 680-686. (in Chinese with English abstract) PMID
	[郑兰平, 陈小勇, 杨君兴 (2013) 澜沧江中下游鱼类现状及保护. 动物学研究, 34, 680-686.]
[61]	Zheng YP, Liu Q, Huang X, Liu FM, Yao JR, Qin GF, Zeng HQ, Yan YR (2024) Community structure of fish in mangrove forests of the Leizhou Peninsula and its relationship with human activity intensity. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 44, 440-453. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[郑燕萍, 刘琦, 黄欣, 刘奉明, 姚君润, 覃国峰, 曾浩谦, 颜云榕 (2024) 雷州半岛红树林鱼类群落结构及其与人类活动强度的关系. 生态学报, 44, 440-453.]
[62]	Zhou JG, Li XW, Hu JM, Yang FL, Liu F, Qiu C (2018) Human disturbance of biodiversity conservation areas in the Nujiang River Basin in Yunnan Province. Tropical Geography, 38, 465-474. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[周建国, 李新旺, 胡金明, 杨飞龄, 刘锋, 邱成 (2018) 怒江流域云南段生物多样性保护地人为干扰分析. 热带地理, 38, 465-474.]
[63]	Zhou W, Li X, Li KY, Li MH (2016) Fish faunal presence value in three first level tributaries of the Salween River in Yunnan, China and its meaning for aquatic nature reserve planning. Biodiversity Science, 24, 1146-1153. (in Chinese with English abstract) DOI
	[周伟, 李旭, 李凯媛, 李明会 (2016) 云南萨尔温江水3条一级支流鱼类区系存在度及其在鱼类保护区设置中的意义. 生物多样性, 24, 1146-1153.] DOI

物种 Species	数量百分比 Percentage of number (%)	重量百分比 Percentage of weight (%)	出现频率 Frequency of occurrence (%)	相对重要性指数 Index of relative importance (IRI)	优势度类型 Dominant type
密带南鳅 Schistura poculi	51.51	11.17	45.28	2,838.26	Ds
宽额鳢 Channa gachua	2.62	7.88	30.19	317.18	C
怒江裂腹鱼 Schizothorax nukiangensis	2.16	7.40	28.30	270.53	C
鲫 Carassius auratus	1.14	10.51	15.09	175.85	C
棒花鱼 Abbottina rivularis	4.76	2.90	20.75	158.94	C
南方翅条鳅 Pteronemacheilus meridionalis	5.31	0.65	22.64	134.83	C
高体鳑鲏 Rhodeus ocellatus	11.27	2.74	9.43	132.19	C
角鱼 Tariqilabeo bicornis	2.05	18.79	3.77	78.64	G
尼罗罗非鱼 Oreochromis niloticus	1.73	2.15	18.87	73.35	G
云南鲱鲇 Clupisoma yunnanense	0.36	10.22	5.66	59.87	G
泥鳅 Misgurnus anguillicaudatus	0.97	1.45	18.87	45.78	G
云纹鳗鲡 Anguilla nebulosa	0.08	6.07	5.66	34.82	G
真吻鰕虎鱼 Rhinogobius similis	1.78	0.41	15.09	33.00	G
中华细鲫 Aphyocypris chinensis	3.30	0.74	7.55	30.49	G
斑尾真马口波鱼 Opsarius caudiocellatus	1.12	0.49	18.87	30.47	G
粒线纹胸鮡 Glyptothorax granosus	0.53	0.77	20.75	26.91	G
食蚊鱼 Gambusia affinis	1.80	0.16	13.21	25.86	G
缺须盆唇鱼 Placocheilus cryptonemus	0.82	0.65	16.98	25.06	G
麦穗鱼 Pseudorasbora parva	0.72	0.27	18.87	18.61	G
巨魾 Bagarius yarrelli	0.02	3.16	5.66	18.00	G
长南鳅 Schistura longa	0.85	0.19	16.98	17.66	G
鲤 Cyprinus carpio	0.19	1.25	7.55	10.89	G
萨尔温墨头鱼 Garra salweenica	0.17	0.82	9.43	9.36	R
后鳍吻孔鲃 Poropuntius opisthopterus	0.11	1.39	5.66	8.48	R
长丝黑鮡 Gagata dolichonema	0.34	1.91	1.89	4.24	R
怒江间吸鳅 Hemimyzon nujiangensis	0.82	0.29	3.77	4.21	R
保山裂腹鱼 Schizothorax yunnanensis paoshanensis	0.17	1.95	1.89	4.00	R
掸邦神 Devario shanensis	0.53	0.17	5.66	3.95	R
隐斑南鳅 Schistura cryptofasciata	0.38	0.19	5.66	3.22	R
大鳞泥鳅 Misgurnus dabryanus	0.06	0.32	5.66	2.16	R
多鳞荷马条鳅 Homatula pycnolepis	0.44	0.58	1.89	1.94	R
虹鳟 Oncorhynchus mykiss	0.02	0.94	1.89	1.82	R
长嘴鱲 Raiamas guttatus	0.15	0.17	3.77	1.21	R
扎那纹胸鮡 Glyptothorax zainaensis	0.08	0.18	3.77	1.00	R
贡山异鮡 Creteuchiloglanis gongshanensis	0.06	0.11	5.66	0.98	R
短尾高原鳅 Triplophysa brevicauda	0.15	0.10	3.77	0.94	R
短体拟鰋 Pseudexostoma brachysoma	0.13	0.02	5.66	0.84	R
保山新光唇鱼 Neolissochilus baoshanensis	0.04	0.09	5.66	0.73	R
小黄黝鱼 Micropercops swinhonis	0.15	0.02	3.77	0.65	R
细尾高原鳅 Triplophysa stenura	0.06	0.11	3.77	0.64	R
䱗 Hemiculter leucisculus	0.06	0.07	3.77	0.50	R
怒江高原鳅 Triplophysa nujiangensa	0.21	0.05	1.89	0.50	R
大盈江黛鲈 Dario dayingensis	0.21	0.03	1.89	0.45	R
条纹四须鲃 Barbodes semifasciolatus	0.08	0.03	3.77	0.42	R
伯氏似鳞头鳅 Lepidocephalichthys berdmorei	0.13	0.06	1.89	0.35	R
露斯塔野鲮 Labeo rohita	0.08	0.09	1.89	0.33	R
高黎贡鰋 Exostoma gaoligongense	0.08	0.07	1.89	0.29	R
褐吻鰕虎鱼 Rhinogobius brunneus	0.08	0.04	1.89	0.24	R
黄颡鱼 Tachysurus fulvidraco	0.04	0.07	1.89	0.22	R
长须纹胸鮡 Glyptothorax longinema	0.02	0.07	1.89	0.18	R
胡子鲇 Clarias fuscus	0.02	0.02	1.89	0.08	R

物种 Species	数量百分比 Percentage of number (%)	重量百分比 Percentage of weight (%)	出现频率 Frequency of occurrence (%)	相对重要性指数 Index of relative importance (IRI)	优势度类型 Dominant type
密带南鳅 Schistura poculi	51.51	11.17	45.28	2,838.26	Ds
宽额鳢 Channa gachua	2.62	7.88	30.19	317.18	C
怒江裂腹鱼 Schizothorax nukiangensis	2.16	7.40	28.30	270.53	C
鲫 Carassius auratus	1.14	10.51	15.09	175.85	C
棒花鱼 Abbottina rivularis	4.76	2.90	20.75	158.94	C
南方翅条鳅 Pteronemacheilus meridionalis	5.31	0.65	22.64	134.83	C
高体鳑鲏 Rhodeus ocellatus	11.27	2.74	9.43	132.19	C
角鱼 Tariqilabeo bicornis	2.05	18.79	3.77	78.64	G
尼罗罗非鱼 Oreochromis niloticus	1.73	2.15	18.87	73.35	G
云南鲱鲇 Clupisoma yunnanense	0.36	10.22	5.66	59.87	G
泥鳅 Misgurnus anguillicaudatus	0.97	1.45	18.87	45.78	G
云纹鳗鲡 Anguilla nebulosa	0.08	6.07	5.66	34.82	G
真吻鰕虎鱼 Rhinogobius similis	1.78	0.41	15.09	33.00	G
中华细鲫 Aphyocypris chinensis	3.30	0.74	7.55	30.49	G
斑尾真马口波鱼 Opsarius caudiocellatus	1.12	0.49	18.87	30.47	G
粒线纹胸鮡 Glyptothorax granosus	0.53	0.77	20.75	26.91	G
食蚊鱼 Gambusia affinis	1.80	0.16	13.21	25.86	G
缺须盆唇鱼 Placocheilus cryptonemus	0.82	0.65	16.98	25.06	G
麦穗鱼 Pseudorasbora parva	0.72	0.27	18.87	18.61	G
巨魾 Bagarius yarrelli	0.02	3.16	5.66	18.00	G
长南鳅 Schistura longa	0.85	0.19	16.98	17.66	G
鲤 Cyprinus carpio	0.19	1.25	7.55	10.89	G
萨尔温墨头鱼 Garra salweenica	0.17	0.82	9.43	9.36	R
后鳍吻孔鲃 Poropuntius opisthopterus	0.11	1.39	5.66	8.48	R
长丝黑鮡 Gagata dolichonema	0.34	1.91	1.89	4.24	R
怒江间吸鳅 Hemimyzon nujiangensis	0.82	0.29	3.77	4.21	R
保山裂腹鱼 Schizothorax yunnanensis paoshanensis	0.17	1.95	1.89	4.00	R
掸邦神 Devario shanensis	0.53	0.17	5.66	3.95	R
隐斑南鳅 Schistura cryptofasciata	0.38	0.19	5.66	3.22	R
大鳞泥鳅 Misgurnus dabryanus	0.06	0.32	5.66	2.16	R
多鳞荷马条鳅 Homatula pycnolepis	0.44	0.58	1.89	1.94	R
虹鳟 Oncorhynchus mykiss	0.02	0.94	1.89	1.82	R
长嘴鱲 Raiamas guttatus	0.15	0.17	3.77	1.21	R
扎那纹胸鮡 Glyptothorax zainaensis	0.08	0.18	3.77	1.00	R
贡山异鮡 Creteuchiloglanis gongshanensis	0.06	0.11	5.66	0.98	R
短尾高原鳅 Triplophysa brevicauda	0.15	0.10	3.77	0.94	R
短体拟鰋 Pseudexostoma brachysoma	0.13	0.02	5.66	0.84	R
保山新光唇鱼 Neolissochilus baoshanensis	0.04	0.09	5.66	0.73	R
小黄黝鱼 Micropercops swinhonis	0.15	0.02	3.77	0.65	R
细尾高原鳅 Triplophysa stenura	0.06	0.11	3.77	0.64	R
䱗 Hemiculter leucisculus	0.06	0.07	3.77	0.50	R
怒江高原鳅 Triplophysa nujiangensa	0.21	0.05	1.89	0.50	R
大盈江黛鲈 Dario dayingensis	0.21	0.03	1.89	0.45	R
条纹四须鲃 Barbodes semifasciolatus	0.08	0.03	3.77	0.42	R
伯氏似鳞头鳅 Lepidocephalichthys berdmorei	0.13	0.06	1.89	0.35	R
露斯塔野鲮 Labeo rohita	0.08	0.09	1.89	0.33	R
高黎贡鰋 Exostoma gaoligongense	0.08	0.07	1.89	0.29	R
褐吻鰕虎鱼 Rhinogobius brunneus	0.08	0.04	1.89	0.24	R
黄颡鱼 Tachysurus fulvidraco	0.04	0.07	1.89	0.22	R
长须纹胸鮡 Glyptothorax longinema	0.02	0.07	1.89	0.18	R
胡子鲇 Clarias fuscus	0.02	0.02	1.89	0.08	R

河流 River	河段 Reach	Shannon-Wiener 多样性指数 Shannon-Wiener diversity index	Margalef物种丰富度指数 Margalef species richness index	Simpson 优势度指数 Simpson dominance index	Pielou 均匀度指数 Pielou’s evenness index
怒江干流 Mainstream of the Nujiang River	中游 Midstream	1.53	1.54	0.69	0.70
怒江干流 Mainstream of the Nujiang River	下游 Downstream	2.13	4.69	0.78	0.63
	总体 Total	2.38	5.19	0.84	0.68
怒江支流 Tributary of the Nujiang River	勐波罗河 Mengboluo River (MBL)	1.78	3.30	0.70	0.54
怒江支流 Tributary of the Nujiang River	普拉河 Pula River (PL)	0	0	0	0
	迪麻洛河 Dimaluo River (DML)	1.04	1.44	0.63	0.95
	老窝河 Laowo River (LW)	0.13	0.86	0.04	0.07
	孙足河 Sunzu River (SZ)	0.10	0.26	0.04	0.14
	罗明坝河 Luomingba River (LMB)	1.22	2.95	0.45	0.41
	水长河 Shuichang River (SC)	1.50	1.78	0.72	0.60
怒江 Nujiang River	总体 Total	2.10	5.91	0.71	0.53

河流 River	河段 Reach	Shannon-Wiener 多样性指数 Shannon-Wiener diversity index	Margalef物种丰富度指数 Margalef species richness index	Simpson 优势度指数 Simpson dominance index	Pielou 均匀度指数 Pielou’s evenness index
怒江干流 Mainstream of the Nujiang River	中游 Midstream	1.53	1.54	0.69	0.70
怒江干流 Mainstream of the Nujiang River	下游 Downstream	2.13	4.69	0.78	0.63
	总体 Total	2.38	5.19	0.84	0.68
怒江支流 Tributary of the Nujiang River	勐波罗河 Mengboluo River (MBL)	1.78	3.30	0.70	0.54
怒江支流 Tributary of the Nujiang River	普拉河 Pula River (PL)	0	0	0	0
	迪麻洛河 Dimaluo River (DML)	1.04	1.44	0.63	0.95
	老窝河 Laowo River (LW)	0.13	0.86	0.04	0.07
	孙足河 Sunzu River (SZ)	0.10	0.26	0.04	0.14
	罗明坝河 Luomingba River (LMB)	1.22	2.95	0.45	0.41
	水长河 Shuichang River (SC)	1.50	1.78	0.72	0.60
怒江 Nujiang River	总体 Total	2.10	5.91	0.71	0.53

河流或河段 Rivers or reaches	迪麻洛河 Dimaluo River	老窝河 Laowo River	孙足河 Sunzu River	罗明坝河 Luomingba River	水长河 Shuichang River	勐波罗河 Mengboluo River	怒江干流中游 Midstream of the Nujiang River	怒江干流下游 Downstream of the Nujiang River
迪麻洛河 Dimaluo River
老窝河 Laowo River	0.13
孙足河 Sunzu River	0	0.14
罗明坝河 Luomingba River	0	0.14	0.10
水长河 Shuichang River	0.07	0.29	0.17	0.30
勐波罗河 Mengboluo River	0	0.18	0.07	0.35	0.35
怒江干流中游 Midstream of the Nujiang River	0.33	0.25	0.10	0.08	0.17	0.09
怒江干流下游 Downstream of the Nujiang River	0.03	0.13	0.07	0.33	0.28	0.40	0.12
怒江干流 Mainstream of the Nujiang River	0.09	0.11	0.06	0.29	0.24	0.36	0.27	0.85