近七十年（1954–2021）长江中下游湖泊沉水植物群落多样性演变特征

doi:10.17520/biods.2023319

生物多样性 ›› 2024, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (3): 23319. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2023319

• 研究报告: 植物多样性 • 上一篇下一篇

近七十年（1954–2021）长江中下游湖泊沉水植物群落多样性演变特征

陈瑶琪¹，郭晶晶^1,2，蔡国俊¹，葛依立¹，廖宇¹，董正¹，符辉^1*

1. 湖南农业大学环境与生态学院洞庭湖区农村生态系统健康湖南省重点实验室, 长沙 410128; 2. 始兴中学, 广东韶关 512599

收稿日期:2023-09-04 修回日期:2024-01-14 出版日期:2024-03-20 发布日期:2024-03-06
通讯作者: 符辉

Evolution characteristics of submerged macrophyte community diversity in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in the past seventy years (1954–2021)

Yaoqi Chen¹, Jingjing Guo^1,2, Guojun Cai¹, Yili Ge¹, Yu Liao¹, Zheng Dong¹, Hui Fu^1*

1 Key Laboratory of Rural Ecosystem Health in Dongting Lake Area in Hunan Province, College of Environment and Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128

2 Shixing Senior High School, Shaoguan, Guangdong 512599

Received:2023-09-04 Revised:2024-01-14 Online:2024-03-20 Published:2024-03-06
Contact: Hui Fu

1. 陈瑶琪-附录.rar(258KB)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 沉水植物在维持浅水湖泊生态系统健康和稳定等方面起着重要作用, 掌握其长期动态及驱动因子对湖泊生态系统恢复和富营养化治理具有重要的理论和现实意义。本研究以长江中下游17个湖泊为研究对象, 分析了近70年(1954–2021)来沉水植物的α和β多样性格局及其变化情况, 并基于Sørensen相异性指数将β多样性分解为周转(turnover)和嵌套(nestedness)两个组分, 探讨了湖泊环境异质性变化与沉水植物群落多样性格局的联系。结果表明: (1)在湖泊尺度上, 11个湖泊沉水植物的α多样性呈减小趋势; 而大多数湖泊β_temporal多样性(同一湖泊不同年份之间的群落结构相异性)无显著变化, 且其变异主要由不同物种间的嵌套成分驱动。(2)在流域尺度上, 长江中下游湖泊沉水植物的α多样性在演化过程中呈先增大后减小的趋势, β_spatial多样性(同一时期不同湖泊之间的群落结构相异性)在演化过程中呈逐渐减小的趋势, 而湖泊环境异质性呈逐渐增大的趋势。(3)环境异质性越高的湖泊, 其α多样性越小, β多样性越大。这些变化可能是多种因素综合作用的结果, 包括人类活动、水质污染、水文变化和气候变化等。本研究对于长江中下游湖泊生态系统管理和保护具有一定理论价值, 为制定有效的保护策略和措施提供了科学依据。

关键词: 沉水植物, 湖泊, α-多样性, β-多样性, 群落演替, 环境异质性

Abstract

Aims: Submerged macrophytes play a crucial role in maintaining the health and stability of shallow lake ecosystems. Understanding their long-term dynamics and driving factors has significant theoretical and practical implications for the ecological restoration and eutrophication control of lakes.

Method: We analyzed the α- and β-diversity patterns of submerged macrophytes over the nearly 70 years (1954–2021) focused on the 17 lakes in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. The β-diversity was further decomposed into turnover and nestedness components using the Sørensen dissimilarity index. This method allowed us to explore the linkages between changes in the lake environmental heterogeneity and the submerged macrophyte community diversity patterns.

Results: (1) At the lake scale, α-diversity of submerged macrophytes exhibited a decreasing trend in 11 lakes, while most lakes presented no significant changes in β_temporal-diversity (variations in community structure between different years within the same lake). This result was primarily driven by the nestedness component. (2) At the watershed scale, the α-diversity of submerged macrophytes showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing during the evolutionary process. The β_spatial-diversity (variations in community structure between different lakes during the evolutionary process) exhibited a gradual decrease, while lake environmental heterogeneity showed a gradual increase. (3) Lakes with higher environmental heterogeneity tended to have lower α-diversity and higher β-diversity. These changes were likely the combined result of various factors including human activities, water pollution, hydrological changes, and climate variability.

Conclusion: Although the specific mechanisms require further investigation, we contribute to current research by providing theoretical significance for the management and conservation of lake ecosystems in the middle and lower Yangtze River Basin. Our study provides a scientific basis for formulating effective conservation strategies and measures.

Key words: submerged macrophyte, lakes, α-diversity, β-diversity, community succession, environmental heterogeneity

陈瑶琪, 郭晶晶, 蔡国俊, 葛依立, 廖宇, 董正, 符辉 (2024) 近七十年（1954–2021）长江中下游湖泊沉水植物群落多样性演变特征. 生物多样性, 32, 23319. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2023319.

Yaoqi Chen, Jingjing Guo, Guojun Cai, Yili Ge, Yu Liao, Zheng Dong, Hui Fu (2024)

Evolution characteristics of submerged macrophyte community diversity in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in the past seventy years (1954–2021) . Biodiversity Science, 32, 23319. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2023319.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2023319

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2024/V32/I3/23319

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近七十年（1954–2021）长江中下游湖泊沉水植物群落多样性演变特征

Evolution characteristics of submerged macrophyte community diversity in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in the past seventy years (1954–2021)

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