海南甘什岭保护区珍稀濒危植物的分布与评估

doi:10.17520/biods.2014165

生物多样性 ›› 2015, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (1): 11-17. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2014165

• 研究报告: 植物多样性 • 上一篇下一篇

海南甘什岭保护区珍稀濒危植物的分布与评估

张荣京¹, 赵哲¹, 苏文拔², 邢福武³^,^*()

1 华南农业大学生命科学学院, 广州 510642
2 海南省野生动植物保护管理局, 海口 570203
3 中国科学院华南植物园, 广州 510650

收稿日期:2014-08-12 接受日期:2015-01-22 出版日期:2015-01-20 发布日期:2015-05-04
通讯作者: 邢福武
作者简介:E-mail: xinfw@scib.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(41001028);国家自然科学基金(41471046);国家科技基础性工作专项“海南非粮能源植物的调查、采集与保存”(2008FY110400-1-7)

Distribution and assessment of rare and endangered plants in Ganshiling Nature Reserve, Hainan

Rongjing Zhang¹, Zhe Zhao¹, Wenba Su², Fuwu Xing³^,^*()

1 College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642
2 Hainan Bureau of Protection and Preservation of Wild Plants and Animals, Haikou 570203
3 South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650

Received:2014-08-12 Accepted:2015-01-22 Online:2015-01-20 Published:2015-05-04
Contact: Fuwu Xing

1. 附表1-2和附图1.pdf(285KB)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

甘什岭保护区是海南岛南端的热带森林保护区, 植物区系特殊, 特有植物无翼坡垒(Hopea exalata)在这里成片分布。2010年保护区范围得到调整, 为全面了解保护区内珍稀濒危植物的分布状况, 作者于2010-2012年对植物物种多样性进行了系统的野外调查, 并对其保护等级进行评估, 以期为我国热带珍稀濒危植物的保护提供依据。结果表明: 保护区内共分布有野生珍稀濒危植物106种。其中,《国家重点保护野生植物名录》第一批和第二批(讨论稿)收录43种, 《中国植物红皮书》收录19种, 《IUCN濒危物种红色名录》收录29种, 《中国物种红色名录》收录61种, 《濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约》附录收录34种, 《海南省省级重点保护野生植物名录》收录76种。保护区内珍稀濒危植物种类占植物种类总数的比例较附近的五指山、鹦哥岭、尖峰岭三大国家级雨林保护区略低。根据这些种类的分布状况, 分为罕见种(3种)、稀有种(15种)、偶见种(63种)和常见种(25种)。特有性分析发现, 海南特有种有22种(包括2种甘什岭特有种), 中国特有种有13种。根据我们的评估结果, 建议将46种植物的保护等级提升或增补于保护范围。

关键词: 珍稀濒危植物, 分布, 特有性, 保护评估, 保护等级

Abstract

Ganshiling Nature Reserve, located on southern Hainan Island, contains a unique natural flora and preserves Hopea exalata—a species endemic to Hainan—within its large distribution area. In order to identify rare and endangered plants and learn their distribution and status in the reserve, we carried out extensive fieldwork during 2010-2012. A total of 106 species belonging to 92 genera and 49 families were recorded. Among them, 43 species were included in the List of Wild Plants Under State Protection (The First Batch and The Second Batch), 19 species in the China Plant Red Data Book, 29 species in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, 61 species in the China Species Red List, 34 species in the Appendices of CITES, and 76 species in the List of Wild Plants Under Hainan Provincial Protection. The percentage of rare and endangered plants was slightly lower than those of three neighboring national nature reserves, i.e. Wuzhishan, Yinggeling and Jianfengling. According to our assessment, the rare and endangered species in Ganshiling Mountain were divided into very rare species (3 species), rare species (15 species), occasional species (63 species) and common species (25 species). Among them, 13 species are endemic to China and 22 species are endemic to Hainan (including 2 species endemic to Ganshiling Mountain). Finally, we propose that 46 species should either receive upgraded protection level or be included in the protection list.

Key words: rare and endangered plants, distribution, endemism, protection assessment, protection level

张荣京, 赵哲, 苏文拔, 邢福武 (2015) 海南甘什岭保护区珍稀濒危植物的分布与评估. 生物多样性, 23, 11-17. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2014165.

Rongjing Zhang, Zhe Zhao, Wenba Su, Fuwu Xing (2015) Distribution and assessment of rare and endangered plants in Ganshiling Nature Reserve, Hainan. Biodiversity Science, 23, 11-17. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2014165.

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参考文献 25

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维管植物 Vascular plants	科数 No. of families	属数 No. of genera	种数 No. of species
蕨类植物 Ferns	6	6	7
裸子植物 Gymnosperms	3	4	5
被子植物 Angiosperms	40	82	94
合计 Total	49	92	106

维管植物 Vascular plants	科数 No. of families	属数 No. of genera	种数 No. of species
蕨类植物 Ferns	6	6	7
裸子植物 Gymnosperms	3	4	5
被子植物 Angiosperms	40	82	94
合计 Total	49	92	106

	维管植物 Tracheophyte	No. in LIST/%	No. in RB/%	No. in IUCN/%	No. in RL/%	No. in CITES/%
甘什岭 Ganshiling	1,334	13/0.97	19/1.42	13/0.97	48/3.6	34/2.55
五指山 Wuzhishan	1,882	29/1.54	39/2.07	-	-	119/6.32
鹦哥岭 Yinggeling	1,558	18/1.16	-	22/1.41	65/4.17	-
尖峰岭 Jianfengling	2,087	35/1.68	42/2.01	-	-	-

	维管植物 Tracheophyte	No. in LIST/%	No. in RB/%	No. in IUCN/%	No. in RL/%	No. in CITES/%
甘什岭 Ganshiling	1,334	13/0.97	19/1.42	13/0.97	48/3.6	34/2.55
五指山 Wuzhishan	1,882	29/1.54	39/2.07	-	-	119/6.32
鹦哥岭 Yinggeling	1,558	18/1.16	-	22/1.41	65/4.17	-
尖峰岭 Jianfengling	2,087	35/1.68	42/2.01	-	-	-

分布地区 Distribution area	种数 No. of species	比例 %
1 中国特有 Endemic to China	13	12.26
1-1 海南、广东特有 Endemic to Hainan and Guangdong	2	1.89
1-2 海南、广西特有 Endemic to Hainan and Guangxi	4	3.77
1-3 海南、云南特有 Endemic to Hainan and Yunnan	1	0.94
1-4 海南与中国其他地方共有 Common to Hainan and other regions of China	6	5.66
2 海南特有 Endemic to Hainan	22	20.76
2-1 甘什岭与海南其他地方共有 Common to Ganshiling Mountain and other regions of Hainan	20	18.87
2-2 甘什岭特有 Endemic to Ganshiling Mountain	2	1.89
合计 Total	35	33.02

海南甘什岭保护区珍稀濒危植物的分布与评估

Distribution and assessment of rare and endangered plants in Ganshiling Nature Reserve, Hainan

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