八大公山常绿落叶阔叶混交林枯立木物种组成、大小级与分布格局

doi:10.17520/biods.2014139

生物多样性 ›› 2015, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (2): 167-173. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2014139

• 研究报告: 热带亚热带森林大样地群落结构与格局 • 上一篇下一篇

八大公山常绿落叶阔叶混交林枯立木物种组成、大小级与分布格局

卢志军¹, 刘福玲², 吴浩^1,³, 江明喜^1,^*()

1 中国科学院武汉植物园水生植物与流域生态院重点实验室, 武汉 430074
2 湖北省咸宁市林业局, 湖北咸宁 437100
3 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049

收稿日期:2014-07-02 接受日期:2015-01-15 出版日期:2015-03-20 发布日期:2015-04-09
通讯作者: 江明喜
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(31070465; 30900178);中国森林生物多样性监测网络项目

Species composition, size class, and spatial patterns of snags in the Badagongshan (BDGS) mixed evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved forest in central China

Zhijun Lu¹, Fuling Liu², Hao Wu^1,³, Mingxi Jiang^1,^*()

1 Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074
2 Xianning Forestry Bureau, Xianning, Hubei 437100
3 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049

Received:2014-07-02 Accepted:2015-01-15 Online:2015-03-20 Published:2015-04-09
Contact: Jiang Mingxi

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

枯立木是森林生态系统的重要组成部分, 对其数量特征(如物种组成和大小级)与分布格局的研究是认识这个特殊类群的起点。本文以湖南八大公山25 ha森林动态监测样地常绿落叶阔叶混交林为研究对象, 以该样地第一次木本植物(DBH ≥ 1 cm)调查数据为基础, 分析了枯立木的物种组成、径级结构、分布格局以及生境关联。结果表明, 样地内共有枯立木(DBH ≥ 1 cm, 高度≥ 130 cm, 完全死亡)8,947株。其中, 1 cm≤ DBH <5 cm枯立木4,258株(47.59%), 5 cm ≤ DBH <10 cm枯立木2,132株(23.84%), 10 cm ≤ DBH <30 cm枯立木2,377株(26.57%), DBH ≥ 30 cm枯立木180株(2%); 平均DBH为8.0 cm, 最大DBH为83.5 cm。从分布格局来看, 0-50 m的尺度上, 样地内枯立木主要呈现聚集分布, 但在接近40 m的尺度上, 逐渐变为随机分布。利用多元回归树(multivariate regression tree, MRT)将样地生境分为3类, 运用Torus转换比较某类生境中枯立木密度与物种零分布模型中的期望密度, 结果显示枯立木在山谷中分布较少, 山脊较多, 而在山坡生境则呈现随机分布。鉴定到种的枯立木有724株(8.1%), 隶属于26科84种; 其中, 杜鹃花科、壳斗科和樟科枯立木最多。在物种水平上, 多脉青冈(Cyclobalanopsis multinervis)、长蕊杜鹃(Rhododendron stamineum)和黄丹木姜子(Litsea elongata)枯立木最多; 而优势树种亮叶水青冈(Fagus lucida)的枯立木并不多见。

关键词: 点格局分析, 径级结构, 生境关联, 树木死亡, 物种组成

Abstract

Snag (standing dead tree) is an important component of forest ecosystems. Snag characteristics such as species composition, size class, and spatial patterns correlate with community maintenance mechanisms. Here we examine species composition, size class structure, spatial patterns and habitat associations of snags from a woody plant census of the 25 ha evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest dynamics plot of Badagongshan (BDGS). There were 8,947 snags (DBH ≥ 1 cm, height ≥ 130 cm, totally dead) in the plot; 4,258 (47.59%) snags with DBH 1-5 cm, 2,132 (23.84%) snags with DBH 5-10 cm, 2,377 (26.57%) snags with DBH 10-30 cm, and 180 (2%) snags with DBH ≥ 30 cm. The average snag DBH was 8.0 cm and the maximum was 83.5 cm. At the scale of 0-50 m, snags were mostly aggregated in the plot, but changed to random distributed near the scale of 40 m. Habitat was divided into three categories with a MRT (multivariate regression tree) analysis. Density of snags was compared to habitat type with expected densities derived from species null distributions with a Torus transformation. Our findings indicate that snags in the BDGS plot were negatively related to valleys, but positively related to ridges, and randomly distributed on slopes. Among all the snags, only 724 (8.1%) snags were identified to species level including 84 species (26 families). At the species level, snags of Cyclobalanopsis multinervis, Rhododendron stamineum and Litsea elongata dominated while snags of Fagus lucida was less common.

Key words: point pattern analysis, diameter class, habitat association, tree mortality, species composition

卢志军, 刘福玲, 吴浩, 江明喜 (2015) 八大公山常绿落叶阔叶混交林枯立木物种组成、大小级与分布格局. 生物多样性, 23, 167-173. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2014139.

Zhijun Lu, Fuling Liu, Hao Wu, Mingxi Jiang (2015) Species composition, size class, and spatial patterns of snags in the Badagongshan (BDGS) mixed evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved forest in central China. Biodiversity Science, 23, 167-173. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2014139.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2014139

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2015/V23/I2/167

图/表 6

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科 Family	生境类型 Habitat type	P	关联类型 Association type
杜鹃花科 Ericaceae	山谷 Valley	0.002	显著负关联 Significant negative correlation
	山坡 Slope	0.34	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
	山脊 Ridge	0.88	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
壳斗科 Fagaceae	山谷 Valley	0.04	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
	山坡 Slope	0.44	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
	山脊 Ridge	0.78	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
樟科 Lauraceae	山谷 Valley	0.31	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
	山坡 Slope	0.28	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
	山脊 Ridge	0.73	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
山矾科 Symplocaceae	山谷 Valley	0.76	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
	山坡 Slope	0.60	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
	山脊 Ridge	0.25	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
山茶科 Theaceae	山谷 Valley	0.46	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
	山坡 Slope	0.52	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
	山脊 Ridge	0.45	随机分布 Stochastic distribution

科 Family	生境类型 Habitat type	P	关联类型 Association type
杜鹃花科 Ericaceae	山谷 Valley	0.002	显著负关联 Significant negative correlation
	山坡 Slope	0.34	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
	山脊 Ridge	0.88	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
壳斗科 Fagaceae	山谷 Valley	0.04	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
	山坡 Slope	0.44	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
	山脊 Ridge	0.78	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
樟科 Lauraceae	山谷 Valley	0.31	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
	山坡 Slope	0.28	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
	山脊 Ridge	0.73	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
山矾科 Symplocaceae	山谷 Valley	0.76	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
	山坡 Slope	0.60	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
	山脊 Ridge	0.25	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
山茶科 Theaceae	山谷 Valley	0.46	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
	山坡 Slope	0.52	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
	山脊 Ridge	0.45	随机分布 Stochastic distribution

物种 Species	生境类型 Habitat type	P	关联类型 Association type
多脉青冈 Cyclobalanopsis multinervis	山谷 Valley	0.10	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
	山坡 Slope	0.52	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
	山脊 Ridge	0.67	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
长蕊杜鹃 Rhododendron stamineum	山谷 Valley	0.004	显著负关联 Significant negative correlation
	山坡 Slope	0.37	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
	山脊 Ridge	0.88	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
黄丹木姜子 Litsea elongata	山谷 Valley	0.76	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
	山坡 Slope	0.12	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
	山脊 Ridge	0.70	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
小果南烛 Lyonia ovalifolia	山谷 Valley	0.02	显著负关联 Significant negative correlation
	山坡 Slope	0.61	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
	山脊 Ridge	0.68	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
大叶山矾 Symplocos macrophylla	山谷 Valley	0.75	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
	山坡 Slope	0.56	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
	山脊 Ridge	0.27	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
短柱柃 Eurya brevistyla	山谷 Valley	0.51	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
	山坡 Slope	0.55	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
	山脊 Ridge	0.25	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
小花木荷 Schima parviflora	山谷 Valley	0.19	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
	山坡 Slope	0.49	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
	山脊 Ridge	0.62	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
满山红 Rhododendron mariesii	山谷 Valley	0.08	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
	山坡 Slope	0.37	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
	山脊 Ridge	0.79	随机分布 Stochastic distribution

物种 Species	生境类型 Habitat type	P	关联类型 Association type
多脉青冈 Cyclobalanopsis multinervis	山谷 Valley	0.10	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
	山坡 Slope	0.52	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
	山脊 Ridge	0.67	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
长蕊杜鹃 Rhododendron stamineum	山谷 Valley	0.004	显著负关联 Significant negative correlation
	山坡 Slope	0.37	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
	山脊 Ridge	0.88	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
黄丹木姜子 Litsea elongata	山谷 Valley	0.76	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
	山坡 Slope	0.12	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
	山脊 Ridge	0.70	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
小果南烛 Lyonia ovalifolia	山谷 Valley	0.02	显著负关联 Significant negative correlation
	山坡 Slope	0.61	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
	山脊 Ridge	0.68	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
大叶山矾 Symplocos macrophylla	山谷 Valley	0.75	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
	山坡 Slope	0.56	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
	山脊 Ridge	0.27	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
短柱柃 Eurya brevistyla	山谷 Valley	0.51	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
	山坡 Slope	0.55	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
	山脊 Ridge	0.25	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
小花木荷 Schima parviflora	山谷 Valley	0.19	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
	山坡 Slope	0.49	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
	山脊 Ridge	0.62	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
满山红 Rhododendron mariesii	山谷 Valley	0.08	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
	山坡 Slope	0.37	随机分布 Stochastic distribution
	山脊 Ridge	0.79	随机分布 Stochastic distribution

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八大公山常绿落叶阔叶混交林枯立木物种组成、大小级与分布格局

Species composition, size class, and spatial patterns of snags in the Badagongshan (BDGS) mixed evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved forest in central China

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