生物多样性 ›› 2015, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (1): 41-49. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2014100
李乃成1, 刘晓收1,*(), 徐兆东1, 赵瑞1, 石洪华2,*(
)
收稿日期:
2014-05-20
接受日期:
2014-09-16
出版日期:
2015-01-20
发布日期:
2015-05-04
通讯作者:
刘晓收,石洪华
作者简介:
E-mail: shihonghua@fio.org.cn基金资助:
Naicheng Li1, Xiaoshou Liu1,*(), Zhaodong Xu1, Rui Zhao1, Honghua Shi2,*(
)
Received:
2014-05-20
Accepted:
2014-09-16
Online:
2015-01-20
Published:
2015-05-04
Contact:
Xiaoshou Liu,Honghua Shi
摘要:
为了解庙岛群岛南部海域大型底栖动物群落多样性变化, 我们在该海域设置了11个站位, 于2012年11月、2013年2月、5月、8月共进行了4个航次的调查, 对该海域大型底栖动物的生物多样性变化、种类组成以及优势种等进行了分析。在研究海域共采集到大型底栖动物164种, 包括环节动物多毛类82种, 节肢动物甲壳类38种, 软体动物30种, 棘皮动物9种, 其他类群5种。各站位种类数在6-42种之间。物种数冬夏较多、春季较少。各站位Shannon-Wiener多样性指数未呈现明显的季节性变化; 均匀度指数春夏最高; 而丰富度指数春夏两季最低。沉积物中有机质与叶绿素含量是影响大型底栖动物多样性的主要因素。丰度-生物量比较曲线(ABC曲线)结果表明, 位于庙岛与北长山岛之间的C13站、毗邻庙岛的C17站和C28站的底栖动物群落受到了中等程度的扰动, 其余站位未受到明显扰动。
李乃成, 刘晓收, 徐兆东, 赵瑞, 石洪华 (2015) 庙岛群岛南部海域大型底栖动物多样性. 生物多样性, 23, 41-49. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2014100.
Naicheng Li, Xiaoshou Liu, Zhaodong Xu, Rui Zhao, Honghua Shi (2015) Biodiversity of macrofauna in the southern waters of Miaodao Archipelago, China. Biodiversity Science, 23, 41-49. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2014100.
种类 Species | 相对重要性指数 Indices of relative importance (IRI) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
2月Feb. | 5月May | 8月Aug. | 11月Nov. | |
梳鳃虫 Terebellides stroemii | 1,092 | 435 | 215 | 1,324 |
短叶索沙蚕 Lumbrineris latreilli | 711 | 260 | 468 | |
拟特须虫 Paralacydonia paradoza | 647 | 270 | 499 | |
寡鳃齿吻沙蚕 Nephtys oligobranchia | 437 | |||
深钩毛虫 Sigambra bassi | 343 | |||
日本角吻沙蚕 Goniada japonica | 348 | |||
不倒翁虫 Sternaspis sculata | 291 | 643 | ||
岩虫 Marphysa sanguinea | 215 | 308 | 1,283 | |
甲虫螺 Cantharus cecillei | 507 | |||
异足索沙蚕 Lumbrineris heteropoda | 437 | |||
锥毛似帚毛虫 Lygdamis giardi | 384 | |||
塞切尔泥钩虾 Eriopisella sechellensis | 252 | |||
西方似蛰虫 Amaeana occidentalis | 393 | |||
温哥华真旋虫 Eudistylis vancouveri | 239 | |||
刚鳃虫 Chaetozone setosa | 542 | |||
头吻沙蚕 Glycera capitata | ||||
苍白亮樱蛤 Nitidotellina pallidula | 266 | 746 | ||
路氏肋海星 Ctenopleufa ludwigc | 376 | |||
彩虹明樱蛤 Moerella iridescens | 4,280 | |||
孟加拉海扇虫 Pherusa cf. bengalensis | 2,160 | |||
小头虫 Capitella capitata | 447 | |||
短角双眼钩虾 Ampelisca brevicornis | 335 | |||
日本拟背尾水虱 Paranthura japonica | 332 | |||
中华异稚虫 Heterospio sinica | 275 | |||
背蚓虫 Notomastus latericeus | 290 |
表1 庙岛群岛南部海域大型底栖动物优势种
Table 1 Dominant species of macrofauna in the southern waters of Miaodao Archipelago
种类 Species | 相对重要性指数 Indices of relative importance (IRI) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
2月Feb. | 5月May | 8月Aug. | 11月Nov. | |
梳鳃虫 Terebellides stroemii | 1,092 | 435 | 215 | 1,324 |
短叶索沙蚕 Lumbrineris latreilli | 711 | 260 | 468 | |
拟特须虫 Paralacydonia paradoza | 647 | 270 | 499 | |
寡鳃齿吻沙蚕 Nephtys oligobranchia | 437 | |||
深钩毛虫 Sigambra bassi | 343 | |||
日本角吻沙蚕 Goniada japonica | 348 | |||
不倒翁虫 Sternaspis sculata | 291 | 643 | ||
岩虫 Marphysa sanguinea | 215 | 308 | 1,283 | |
甲虫螺 Cantharus cecillei | 507 | |||
异足索沙蚕 Lumbrineris heteropoda | 437 | |||
锥毛似帚毛虫 Lygdamis giardi | 384 | |||
塞切尔泥钩虾 Eriopisella sechellensis | 252 | |||
西方似蛰虫 Amaeana occidentalis | 393 | |||
温哥华真旋虫 Eudistylis vancouveri | 239 | |||
刚鳃虫 Chaetozone setosa | 542 | |||
头吻沙蚕 Glycera capitata | ||||
苍白亮樱蛤 Nitidotellina pallidula | 266 | 746 | ||
路氏肋海星 Ctenopleufa ludwigc | 376 | |||
彩虹明樱蛤 Moerella iridescens | 4,280 | |||
孟加拉海扇虫 Pherusa cf. bengalensis | 2,160 | |||
小头虫 Capitella capitata | 447 | |||
短角双眼钩虾 Ampelisca brevicornis | 335 | |||
日本拟背尾水虱 Paranthura japonica | 332 | |||
中华异稚虫 Heterospio sinica | 275 | |||
背蚓虫 Notomastus latericeus | 290 |
站位 Stations | 物种数 Species | Shannon-Wiener多样性指数 Shannon-Wiener diversity indices | 物种均匀度指数 Pielou’s evenness index | 物种丰富度指数 Species richness index | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2月 Feb. | 5月 May | 8月 Aug. | 11月 Nov. | 2月 Feb. | 5月 May | 8月 Aug. | 11月 Nov. | 2月 Feb. | 5月 May | 8月 Aug. | 11月 Nov. | 2月 Feb. | 5月 May | 8月 Aug. | 11月 Nov. | |
C6 | 27 | - | 23 | 4.09 | - | 4.38 | - | 0.86 | - | 0.97 | - | 3.96 | - | 3.50 | - | |
C7 | 17 | - | - | - | 3.54 | - | - | - | 0.87 | - | - | - | 2.54 | - | - | - |
C10 | 10 | - | 15 | - | 3.16 | - | 2.43 | - | 0.95 | - | 0.94 | - | 1.72 | - | 2.43 | - |
C11 | 23 | 24 | 7 | 42 | 3.95 | 3.43 | 2.46 | 4.24 | 0.87 | 0.90 | 0.88 | 0.78 | 3.15 | 3.43 | 1.13 | 5.33 |
C12 | 22 | 12 | 19 | - | 4.06 | 3.41 | 3.84 | - | 0.91 | 0.95 | 0.92 | - | 3.00 | 1.99 | 2.64 | - |
C13 | 22 | 16 | 25 | - | 4.44 | 3.48 | 3.33 | - | 0.89 | 0.87 | 0.72 | - | 4.49 | 2.26 | 2.93 | - |
C17 | 19 | 21 | 22 | - | 2.48 | 3.14 | 3.49 | - | 0.58 | 0.71 | 0.78 | - | 2.27 | 2.60 | 2.85 | - |
C24 | 32 | 20 | 25 | - | 4.47 | 3.91 | 4.09 | - | 0.89 | 0.90 | 0.89 | - | 4.88 | 2.93 | 3.40 | - |
C28 | 33 | 26 | 19 | - | 4.11 | 4.12 | 3.92 | - | 0.82 | 0.88 | 0.91 | - | 4.54 | 3.64 | 2.90 | - |
C30 | 7 | 7 | 21 | - | 2.75 | 1.23 | 4.04 | - | 0.98 | 0.95 | 0.92 | - | 1.37 | 1.23 | 2.99 | - |
C31 | 6 | 29 | 23 | - | 2.21 | 4.34 | 4.29 | - | 0.85 | 0.88 | 0.95 | - | 0.97 | 3.91 | 3.25 | - |
表2 庙岛群岛南部海域各站位底栖动物生物多样性指数 (2012-2013)
Table 2 Diversity indices of macrofauna at each station in the southern waters of Miaodao Archipelago (2012-2013)
站位 Stations | 物种数 Species | Shannon-Wiener多样性指数 Shannon-Wiener diversity indices | 物种均匀度指数 Pielou’s evenness index | 物种丰富度指数 Species richness index | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2月 Feb. | 5月 May | 8月 Aug. | 11月 Nov. | 2月 Feb. | 5月 May | 8月 Aug. | 11月 Nov. | 2月 Feb. | 5月 May | 8月 Aug. | 11月 Nov. | 2月 Feb. | 5月 May | 8月 Aug. | 11月 Nov. | |
C6 | 27 | - | 23 | 4.09 | - | 4.38 | - | 0.86 | - | 0.97 | - | 3.96 | - | 3.50 | - | |
C7 | 17 | - | - | - | 3.54 | - | - | - | 0.87 | - | - | - | 2.54 | - | - | - |
C10 | 10 | - | 15 | - | 3.16 | - | 2.43 | - | 0.95 | - | 0.94 | - | 1.72 | - | 2.43 | - |
C11 | 23 | 24 | 7 | 42 | 3.95 | 3.43 | 2.46 | 4.24 | 0.87 | 0.90 | 0.88 | 0.78 | 3.15 | 3.43 | 1.13 | 5.33 |
C12 | 22 | 12 | 19 | - | 4.06 | 3.41 | 3.84 | - | 0.91 | 0.95 | 0.92 | - | 3.00 | 1.99 | 2.64 | - |
C13 | 22 | 16 | 25 | - | 4.44 | 3.48 | 3.33 | - | 0.89 | 0.87 | 0.72 | - | 4.49 | 2.26 | 2.93 | - |
C17 | 19 | 21 | 22 | - | 2.48 | 3.14 | 3.49 | - | 0.58 | 0.71 | 0.78 | - | 2.27 | 2.60 | 2.85 | - |
C24 | 32 | 20 | 25 | - | 4.47 | 3.91 | 4.09 | - | 0.89 | 0.90 | 0.89 | - | 4.88 | 2.93 | 3.40 | - |
C28 | 33 | 26 | 19 | - | 4.11 | 4.12 | 3.92 | - | 0.82 | 0.88 | 0.91 | - | 4.54 | 3.64 | 2.90 | - |
C30 | 7 | 7 | 21 | - | 2.75 | 1.23 | 4.04 | - | 0.98 | 0.95 | 0.92 | - | 1.37 | 1.23 | 2.99 | - |
C31 | 6 | 29 | 23 | - | 2.21 | 4.34 | 4.29 | - | 0.85 | 0.88 | 0.95 | - | 0.97 | 3.91 | 3.25 | - |
有机质含量 Content of organic matter | 叶绿素 Content of chlorophyll | 水深 Water depth | 水温 Water temperature | 粉砂-粘土含量 Silt-clay fraction | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Shannon-Wiener指数 Shannon-Wiener indices | 0.184 | -0.052 | 0.291 | -0.094 | 0.324 |
物种均匀度 Species evenness indices | -0.487* | -0.408* | 0.110 | 0.009 | -0.397* |
物种丰富度 Species richness indices | 0.410* | 0.027 | 0.354 | -0.245 | 0.412* |
物种数 Species number | 0.389* | 0.130 | 0.373* | -0.107 | 0.467* |
表3 庙岛群岛南部海域大型底栖动物群落多样性指数与环境因子的相关性分析(2012-2013)
Table 3 Correlation coefficients among biodiversity indices of macrofauna and environmental factors in southern waters of the Miaodao Archipelago (2012-2013)
有机质含量 Content of organic matter | 叶绿素 Content of chlorophyll | 水深 Water depth | 水温 Water temperature | 粉砂-粘土含量 Silt-clay fraction | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Shannon-Wiener指数 Shannon-Wiener indices | 0.184 | -0.052 | 0.291 | -0.094 | 0.324 |
物种均匀度 Species evenness indices | -0.487* | -0.408* | 0.110 | 0.009 | -0.397* |
物种丰富度 Species richness indices | 0.410* | 0.027 | 0.354 | -0.245 | 0.412* |
物种数 Species number | 0.389* | 0.130 | 0.373* | -0.107 | 0.467* |
图2 庙岛群岛南部海域各季节大型底栖动物多样性指数 (2012-2013)
Fig. 2 Biodiversity indices of macrofauna at each season in the southern waters of Miaodao Archipelago (2012-2013)
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