公众对植物园功能定位和形象认知的初步调查

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1003.2010.516

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

作为生物多样性保护的专业机构, 植物园可以通过开展公众教育来发挥作用, 而公众对植物园的功能定位和形象认知将会影响其作用的发挥。作者分别选择1个研究型植物园(中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园, 简称版纳植物园)和1个城市植物园(杭州植物园)为研究对象, 同时以版纳植物园同域分布的西双版纳野象谷森林公园(简称野象谷)为对照, 调查公众对上述3个机构的功能定位和形象认知。研究结果表明: (1)在功能定位方面, 参观两个植物园的游客对植物园是“物种收集和保存的机构”、“开展公众教育, 提高环境意识的机构”和“促进生物多样性保护的专业机构”三个方面有显著的认同度; 对版纳植物园是“科学研究的机构”、“培养训练专业人才的机构”和“提供相关专业资讯和咨询的机构”三个方面也有显著的认同度; (2)同域分布的版纳植物园和野象谷相比, 公众对二者的大多数功能定位认知存在显著差异; (3)在形象认知方面, 公众对3个机构“空气新鲜, 环境宜人”、“具有外面看不到的动植物”、“景色优美, 赏心悦目”以及“是回归自然的地方”认可度显著; 对版纳植物园“是增长科学知识的地方”的认可度最高, 而野象谷的公众对此认可度最低。调查结果可为植物园更好地开展生物多样性保护教育、改善形象以及提高公众服务水平提供有益的借鉴。

关键词: 问卷调查, 植物园, 公众教育, 生物多样性保护, 森林公园, 李克特五点量表

Abstract

By providing various educational programs, botanical gardens (BGs) can play significant roles in promoting biodiversity conservation. At the same time, how well the public recognizes the function of BG’s and the image the public forms of BG’s may influence BGs’ educational function. In this study, we selected one research botanical garden (Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden (XTBG)), one city garden (Hangzhou Botanical Garden (HZBG)) and one forest park (Wild Elephant Valley Park (WEVP)), located in the same area as XTBG, and we explored how the public’s function recognition and image perception differed. The main results were as follows: (1) For both XTBG and HZBG, visitors showed their significant acceptance of the statements that “BG is a place for germplasm collection and preservation”, “BG is a place to enhance public environmental awareness”, “BG is a professional agency for biodiversity conservation”. For XTBG as a research botanical garden, the statements for “XTBG is a research institution” and “XTBG is a place providing professional training” were also supported by the interviewees; (2) XTBG and WEVP showed differences in most descriptors of the function recognition; (3) All the three sites were recognized as “fresh air and pleasant environment”, “experience unique animals and plants”, “beautiful landscape”, “enjoy nature”. Furthermore, for the statement “It is a place for improving scientific knowledge” received the highest support at XTBG and the least support at WEVP. The study provides relevant information for improving BGs’ public image and enhances their educational function for biodiversity conservation.

Key words: questionnaire, botanical garden, public education, biodiversity conservation, forest park, Likert Five-point Scale

严海, 陈进, 贺赫 (2010) 公众对植物园功能定位和形象认知的初步调查. 生物多样性, 18, 516-522. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2010.516.

Hai Yan, Jin Chen, He He (2010) Preliminary investigation on function recognition and image perception in public upon botanical gardens. Biodiversity Science, 18, 516-522. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2010.516.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1003.2010.516

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2010/V18/I5/516

图/表 4

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人口学变量 Demographic parameter	版纳植物园XTBG	野象谷WEVP	杭州植物园 HZBG
性别 Gender
男 Male	53.2	52.5	45.6
女 Female	46.8	47.5	54.4
年龄 Age
<21岁 <21 years	3.5	5.8	20.1
21-30岁 21-30 years	37.7	38.0	36.0
31-40岁 31-40 years	32.9	26.8	24.3
41-50岁 41-50 years	15.8	15.9	10.5
51-60岁 51-60 years	7.3	8.0	3.8
>60岁 >60 years	2.8	5.4	5.4
教育 Education level
研究生及其以上 Master degree and above	8.5	5.4	13.8
大学 University education	67.7	66.7	46.0
高中 Junior high school	19.0	19.2	22.2
高中以下 Blow junior high school	4.7	8.7	18.0

人口学变量 Demographic parameter	版纳植物园XTBG	野象谷WEVP	杭州植物园 HZBG
性别 Gender
男 Male	53.2	52.5	45.6
女 Female	46.8	47.5	54.4
年龄 Age
<21岁 <21 years	3.5	5.8	20.1
21-30岁 21-30 years	37.7	38.0	36.0
31-40岁 31-40 years	32.9	26.8	24.3
41-50岁 41-50 years	15.8	15.9	10.5
51-60岁 51-60 years	7.3	8.0	3.8
>60岁 >60 years	2.8	5.4	5.4
教育 Education level
研究生及其以上 Master degree and above	8.5	5.4	13.8
大学 University education	67.7	66.7	46.0
高中 Junior high school	19.0	19.2	22.2
高中以下 Blow junior high school	4.7	8.7	18.0

功能的表述 Statement for the functions	地点 Place	均值(标准差) Mean (SD)	非常不同意 Strongly disagree	不同意 Disagree	没意见 No comments	同意 Agree	非常同意 Strongly agree
开展科学研究的机构 A scientific research institution	XTBG	3.96 (0.92)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
	WEVP	3.22 (1.00)	*	NS	NS	NS	NS
	HZBG	3.71 (0.99)	*	NS	NS	NS	NS
物种收集和保存的机构 A place for germplasm collection and preservation	XTBG	4.18 (0.83)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
	WEVP	3.55 (0.96)	*	NS	NS	NS	NS
	HZBG	4.10 (0.83)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
提供娱乐休闲的场所 A place for entertainment	XTBG	3.03 (1.13)	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS
	WEVP	3.18 (1.16)	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS
	HZBG	3.75 (1.11)	*	NS	NS	NS	NS
开展公众教育, 促进环境意识的机构 A place to enhance public environmental awareness	XTBG	4.22 (0.73)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
	WEVP	3.60 (0.98)	*	NS	NS	NS	NS
	HZBG	4.08 (0.83)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
培养、训练专业人才的场所 A place providing professional training	XTBG	3.79 (0.92)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
	WEVP	2.89 (1.05)	*	NS	NS	NS	NS
	HZBG	3.41 (1.08)	*	NS	NS	NS	NS
生物多样性保护的专业机构 A place for biodiversity conservation	XTBG	4.22 (0.75)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
	WEVP	3.64 (0.96)	*	NS	NS	NS	NS
	HZBG	4.02 (0.97)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
相关专业资讯和咨询的机构 A place providing professional information service	XTBG	3.83 (0.85)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
	WEVP	3.12 (1.01)	*	NS	NS	NS	NS
	HZBG	3.61 (1.01)	*	NS	NS	NS	NS

功能的表述 Statement for the functions	地点 Place	均值(标准差) Mean (SD)	非常不同意 Strongly disagree	不同意 Disagree	没意见 No comments	同意 Agree	非常同意 Strongly agree
开展科学研究的机构 A scientific research institution	XTBG	3.96 (0.92)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
	WEVP	3.22 (1.00)	*	NS	NS	NS	NS
	HZBG	3.71 (0.99)	*	NS	NS	NS	NS
物种收集和保存的机构 A place for germplasm collection and preservation	XTBG	4.18 (0.83)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
	WEVP	3.55 (0.96)	*	NS	NS	NS	NS
	HZBG	4.10 (0.83)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
提供娱乐休闲的场所 A place for entertainment	XTBG	3.03 (1.13)	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS
	WEVP	3.18 (1.16)	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS
	HZBG	3.75 (1.11)	*	NS	NS	NS	NS
开展公众教育, 促进环境意识的机构 A place to enhance public environmental awareness	XTBG	4.22 (0.73)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
	WEVP	3.60 (0.98)	*	NS	NS	NS	NS
	HZBG	4.08 (0.83)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
培养、训练专业人才的场所 A place providing professional training	XTBG	3.79 (0.92)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
	WEVP	2.89 (1.05)	*	NS	NS	NS	NS
	HZBG	3.41 (1.08)	*	NS	NS	NS	NS
生物多样性保护的专业机构 A place for biodiversity conservation	XTBG	4.22 (0.75)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
	WEVP	3.64 (0.96)	*	NS	NS	NS	NS
	HZBG	4.02 (0.97)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
相关专业资讯和咨询的机构 A place providing professional information service	XTBG	3.83 (0.85)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
	WEVP	3.12 (1.01)	*	NS	NS	NS	NS
	HZBG	3.61 (1.01)	*	NS	NS	NS	NS

形象认知表述 Statement for the image perception	地点 Place	均值(标准差) Mean (SD)	非常不同意 Strongly disagree	不同意 Disagree	没意见 No comments	同意 Agree	非常同意 Strongly agree
环境和资源 Environment and resources
空气新鲜、环境宜人 Fresh air and comfortable environment	XTBG	4.65 (0.60)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
	WEVP	4.22 (0.77)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
	HZBG	4.46 (0.82)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
外面看不到的动植物 Unique animals and plants	XTBG	4.60 (0.67)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
	WEVP	4.02 (0.92)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
	HZBG	4.17 (0.94)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
景色优美、让人赏心悦目 Beautiful landscape	XTBG	4.50 (0.74)	*	*	*	NS	NS
	WEVP	4.10 (0.87)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
	HZBG	4.39 (0.90)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
氛围 Atmosphere
探险、体验惊险 Adventure	XTBG	2.75 (1.04)	NS	NS	NS	NS	*
	WEVP	3.19 (1.06)	*	NS	NS	NS	NS
	HZBG	3.23 (1.14)	*	NS	NS	NS	NS
好玩、有趣, 有异域风情 Funny and different culture	XTBG	3.78 (0.99)	*	NS	NS	NS	NS
	WEVP	3.70 (0.97)	*	NS	NS	NS	NS
	HZBG	3.44 (1.20)	*	NS	NS	NS	NS
神奇、神秘的色彩 Supernatural and mysterious	XTBG	3.86 (0.94)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
	WEVP	3.65 (1.00)	*	NS	NS	NS	NS
	HZBG	3.36 (1.21)	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS
回归自然、体验野趣 Experiencing nature	XTBG	4.14 (0.84)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
	WEVP	3.89 (0.87)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
	HZBG	4.19 (0.92)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
科学文化知识 Scientific and cultural knowledge
参与式的体验 Participatory engagement	XTBG	3.55 (1.00)	*	NS	NS	NS	NS
	WEVP	3.33 (0.97)	*	NS	NS	NS	NS
	HZBG	3.70 (0.95)	*	NS	NS	NS	NS
增长科学知识 Improving scientific knowledge	XTBG	4.27 (0.64)	*	*	*	NS	NS
	WEVP	3.54 (0.87)	*	NS	NS	NS	NS
	HZBG	3.92 (0.89)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
文化、历史或艺术的体验 Experience of culture, history and art	XTBG	3.77 (0.94)	*	NS	NS	NS	NS
	WEVP	3.41 (0.97)	*	NS	NS	NS	NS
	HZBG	3.76 (0.92)	*	NS	NS	NS	NS
让孩子了解自然的好地方 Ideal place for children to know about nature	XTBG	4.42 (0.62)	*	*	*	NS	NS
	WEVP	3.72 (0.91)	*	NS	NS	NS	NS
	HZBG	4.19 (0.89)	*	*	NS	NS	NS