应用Weitzman方法分析华中型猪品种的遗传多样性

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1003.2010.408

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本文根据华中型20个猪品种27个微卫星DNA标记的研究数据, 应用Weitzman方法, 即通过估计总体遗传多样性、期望多样性、品种对总体遗传多样性的贡献、边际遗传多样性、保种潜力等指标, 评估华中型20个猪品种的遗传多样性, 并通过构建品种间遗传多样性的最大似然树, 图示化展示20个品种间遗传多样性的相互关系。20个华中型猪品种的总体遗传多样性是11,707, 期望多样性占总的遗传多样性的66.96%, 金华猪、皖南花猪、嵊县花猪和乐平猪是对总体遗传多样性贡献最大的4个品种, 其贡献率分别是8.90%、7.46%、7.40%和7.04%, 保种潜力最大的4个品种分别是金华猪、嵊县花猪、杭猪和大花白猪。根据遗传多样性进行聚类分析, 大致可将华中型猪分为3类: 大围子猪、沙子岭猪、宁乡猪等分布于湖南、湖北的品种为一类; 南城猪、嵊县花猪与杭猪聚成另一类; 金华猪与皖南花猪单独聚成一类。研究结果可为我国华中型地方猪种遗传多样性的最大化保护和利用提供科学决策依据, 本文也对Weitzman方法在应用中的关键性问题进行了探讨。

关键词: 遗传多样性, Weitzman方法, 微卫星标记, 地方猪品种

Abstract

The genetic diversity of livestock breeds plays an important role in livestock production, but the significant loss of breeds is threatening genetic diversity of farm animal genetic resources (AnGR). The Weitzman approach which was accepted as a framework for assessment of genetic diversity on AnGR was exploited. In this study, several measurement indexes of genetic diversity, involving total genetic diversity, contributions of each breed to the total diversity, marginal diversities, conservation potential, were calculated based on microsatellite marker data of 20 Central-China type pig populations. Total genetic diversity of twenty Central-China pig breeds was 11,707 and expected diversity was 66.96% of the total genetic diversity. Jinhua pig had the greatest contribution to overall genetic diversity (8.90%), followed by Wannan Spotted pig (7.46%), Shengxian Spotted pig (7.40%), and Leping pig (7.04%). Jinhua pig also had the highest conservation potential (783.53), followed by Shengxian Spotted pig (454.53), Hang pig (366.68), and Large Black-White pig (343.17). Shown as the derived maximum-likelihood tree, the 20 Central-China type pig breeds were clustered into three groups. The pig breeds from Hunan or Hubei Province, such as Daweizi pig, Shaziling pig and Ningxiang pig, formed a group; Nancheng pig clustered with Shengxian Spotted pig and Hang pig; The third cluster was Jinhua pig and Wannan Spotted pig. Furthermore, the advantages and drawbacks of Weitzman approach were discussed. We hope to provide objective and rational criteria and strategy for decision-making in conservation of Central-China type pig breeds.

Key words: genetic diversity, Weitzman approach, microsatellites, indigenous pig breeds

刘真真, 郭秀英, 李宝玉, 王明, 王茜, 吴克亮 (2010) 应用Weitzman方法分析华中型猪品种的遗传多样性. 生物多样性, 18, 408-413. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2010.408.

Zhenzhen Liu, Xiuying Guo, Baoyu Li, Ming Wang, Xi Wang, Keliang Wu (2010) An assessment of the Central-China pig genetic diversity using Weitzman approach. Biodiversity Science, 18, 408-413. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2010.408.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1003.2010.408

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2010/V18/I4/408

图/表 2

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品种名 Name	采样数量 Sample size	采集地点 Collection location	灭绝概率 Extinction probability
金华猪 Jinhua (JH)	60	浙江省金华市 Jinhua City, Zhejiang Province	0.80
皖南花猪 Wannan spotted (WN Spotted)	60	安徽省黄山市 Huangshan City, Anhui Province	0.02
清平猪 Qingping (QP)	61	湖北省当阳市 Dangyang City, Hubei Province	0.02
玉山黑猪 Yushan Black (YS Black)	59	江西省玉山县 Yushan County, Jiangxi Province	0.40
监利猪 Chien-li (CL)	31	湖北省监利县 Jianli County, Hubei Province	0.40
通城猪 Tung-tschen (TT)	60	湖北省通城县 Tongcheng County, Hubei Province	0.20
南阳黑猪 Nanyang Black (NY Black)	60	河南省淅川县 Xichuan County, Henan Province	0.40
湖南桃源猪 Hunan Taoyuan (HN TY)	61	湖南省桃源县 Taoyuan County, Hunan Province	0.20
宁乡猪 Ningxiang (NX)	60	湖南省宁乡县 Ningxiang County, Hunan Province	0.02
大围子猪 Daweizi (DWZ)	55	湖南省长沙县 Changsha County, Hunan Province	0.02
沙子岭猪 Sa-ze-ling (SZL)	51	湖南省湘潭市 Xiangtan City, Hunan Province	0.02
赣西两头乌 Ganxi Two-end-black (GX)	34	江西省上高县 Shanggao County, Jiangxi Province	0.40
赣中南花猪 Ganzhongnan Spotted (GZN)	61	江西省万安县 Wan’an County, Jiangxi Province	0.60
莆田猪 Putian (PT)	61	福建省莆田县 Putian County, Fujian Province	0.20
乐平猪 Leping (LP)	56	江西省乐平市 Leping City, Jiangxi Province	0.40
大花白猪 Large Black-White (LBW)	56	广东省东莞市 Dongguan City, Guangdong Province	0.60
南城猪 Nanchen (NC)	35	江西省南城县 Nancheng County, Jiangxi Province	0.20
修水杭猪 Hang (Hang)	27	江西省修水县 Xiushui County, Jiangxi Province	0.60
东山猪 Dongshan (DS)	56	广西全州县 Quanzhou County, Guangxi Province	0.02
嵊县花猪 Shengxian Spotted (SX Spotted)	60	浙江省嵊州市和上虞市 Shengzhou City and Shangyu City, Zhejiang Province	0.60

品种名 Name	采样数量 Sample size	采集地点 Collection location	灭绝概率 Extinction probability
金华猪 Jinhua (JH)	60	浙江省金华市 Jinhua City, Zhejiang Province	0.80
皖南花猪 Wannan spotted (WN Spotted)	60	安徽省黄山市 Huangshan City, Anhui Province	0.02
清平猪 Qingping (QP)	61	湖北省当阳市 Dangyang City, Hubei Province	0.02
玉山黑猪 Yushan Black (YS Black)	59	江西省玉山县 Yushan County, Jiangxi Province	0.40
监利猪 Chien-li (CL)	31	湖北省监利县 Jianli County, Hubei Province	0.40
通城猪 Tung-tschen (TT)	60	湖北省通城县 Tongcheng County, Hubei Province	0.20
南阳黑猪 Nanyang Black (NY Black)	60	河南省淅川县 Xichuan County, Henan Province	0.40
湖南桃源猪 Hunan Taoyuan (HN TY)	61	湖南省桃源县 Taoyuan County, Hunan Province	0.20
宁乡猪 Ningxiang (NX)	60	湖南省宁乡县 Ningxiang County, Hunan Province	0.02
大围子猪 Daweizi (DWZ)	55	湖南省长沙县 Changsha County, Hunan Province	0.02
沙子岭猪 Sa-ze-ling (SZL)	51	湖南省湘潭市 Xiangtan City, Hunan Province	0.02
赣西两头乌 Ganxi Two-end-black (GX)	34	江西省上高县 Shanggao County, Jiangxi Province	0.40
赣中南花猪 Ganzhongnan Spotted (GZN)	61	江西省万安县 Wan’an County, Jiangxi Province	0.60
莆田猪 Putian (PT)	61	福建省莆田县 Putian County, Fujian Province	0.20
乐平猪 Leping (LP)	56	江西省乐平市 Leping City, Jiangxi Province	0.40
大花白猪 Large Black-White (LBW)	56	广东省东莞市 Dongguan City, Guangdong Province	0.60
南城猪 Nanchen (NC)	35	江西省南城县 Nancheng County, Jiangxi Province	0.20
修水杭猪 Hang (Hang)	27	江西省修水县 Xiushui County, Jiangxi Province	0.60
东山猪 Dongshan (DS)	56	广西全州县 Quanzhou County, Guangxi Province	0.02
嵊县花猪 Shengxian Spotted (SX Spotted)	60	浙江省嵊州市和上虞市 Shengzhou City and Shangyu City, Zhejiang Province	0.60