生物多样性 ›› 2025, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (12): 25212.  DOI: 10.17520/biods.2025212  cstr: 32101.14.biods.2025212

• 研究报告: 植物多样性 • 上一篇    下一篇

杭州西溪国家湿地公园外来入侵植物对自生植物群落的影响

姚兴达1,2,3#, 朱开元1#, 蓝艺涵3, 詹书侠1, 乌云塔娜1, 李健2,3*, 许雯婷1*   

  1. 1. 浙江省农业科学院浙江省园林植物与花卉研究所, 杭州 311251; 2. 浙江农林大学生态文明研究院, 杭州 311300; 3. 浙江农林大学风景园林与建筑学院, 杭州 311300; 4. 浙江省林业勘测规划设计有限公司, 杭州 310000
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-06 修回日期:2025-11-16 接受日期:2025-12-09 出版日期:2025-12-20 发布日期:2026-01-09
  • 通讯作者: 李健, 许雯婷
  • 基金资助:
    基于美丽乡村建设的乡土观赏植物资源挖掘与应用研究(2021217)

Effects of alien invasive plants on spontaneous plant communities in Hangzhou Xixi National Wetland Park

Xingda Yao1,2,3#, Kaiyuan Zhu1#, Yihan Lan3, Shuxia Zhan1, Tana Wuyun1, Jian Li2,3*, Wenting Xu1*   

  1. 1 Zhejiang Institute of Landscape Plants and Flowers, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 311251, China 

    2 Institute of Ecological Civilization, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China 

    3 College of Landscape Architecture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China 

    4 Zhejiang Provincial Forestry Survey, Planning, and Design Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310000, China

  • Received:2025-06-06 Revised:2025-11-16 Accepted:2025-12-09 Online:2025-12-20 Published:2026-01-09
  • Contact: Jian Li, Wenting Xu

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摘要： 入侵植物在城市自生植物中占有较大比例, 是自生植物群落景观营建不可回避的问题。研究入侵植物的影响对支持城市生物多样性的自生植物群落景观化应用具有重要意义。本研究通过对杭州西溪国家湿地公园不同生境的草本层自生植物进行分层随机抽样调查, 分析了该区域的外来植物入侵现状及其对自生植物群落的影响, 并对西溪国家湿地公园外来入侵植物管控提出建议。结果表明: (1)调查共记录到外来入侵植物25种, 约占自生植物物种总数的10.7%, 其中重要值最高的是空心莲子草(Alternanthera philoxeroides)和一年蓬(Erigeron annuus); (2) 5类生境中, 草地的入侵植物物种数、频度和重要值均最高; (3)外来入侵植物显著减少了本土植物物种数, 显著降低了自生植物群落的物种多样性, 并显著影响了自生植物群落结构; (4)西溪国家湿地公园入侵植物管理需要特别注意空心莲子草、一年蓬等优势入侵种, 根据生境间差异、多物种入侵类型制定差异化的管理技术措施。本研究为自生植物群落景观营建与管理提供了参考。

关键词: 入侵植物, 自生植物, 生物多样性, 景观管理

Abstract

Aims: Invasive plants accounted for a large proportion of urban spontaneous plant and was an unavoidable issue in the construction of spontaneous plant landscapes. Studying the impact of invasive plants was of great significance for the application of spontaneous plant landscaping that supports urban biodiversity. 

Methods: Stratified random sampling survey was conducted in this study on spontaneous plant in the herb layer of Hangzhou Xixi National Wetland Park among different habitats. The status quo of invasive plants and their effects on spontaneous plant community were analyzed, and the management strategies of invasive plants in Xixi National Wetland Park were discussed. 

Results: (1) A total of 25 invasive plant species were recorded in the investigation, accounting for approximately 10.7% of the total number of spontaneous plant species. Among them, the most dominant ones were Alternanthera philoxeroides and Erigeron annuus. (2) Among the five types of habitats, the grassland had the highest number of invasive plant species, occurrence frequency, and importance value. (3) Invasive plants significantly reduced the number of native plant species; significantly decreased the species diversity, and significantly affected the structure of spontaneous plant communities. (4) In the management of invasive plants in Xixi Wetland, particular attention should be paid to dominant invasive species such as A. philoxeroides and E. annuus. 

Conclusion: Differential management measures should be formulated based on the differences between habitats and the types of multi-species invasions. This study provides a reference for the construction and management of spontaneous plant landscapes.

Key words: invasive plants, spontaneous vegetation, biodiversity, landscape management

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