短期氮、水添加和刈割减弱了苦豆子型退化草地土壤生物多样性与生态系统多功能性的联系

doi:10.17520/biods.2024305

生物多样性 ›› 2025, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (3): 24305. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2024305 cstr: 32101.14.biods.2024305

• 研究报告:生态系统多样性 • 上一篇下一篇

短期氮、水添加和刈割减弱了苦豆子型退化草地土壤生物多样性与生态系统多功能性的联系

刘淑琪¹^,²^,³, 崔东¹^,²^,^*(), 江智诚¹^,², 刘江慧¹^,², 闫江超¹^,²

1.伊犁师范大学资源与生态研究所, 新疆伊宁 835000
2.伊犁师范大学资源与环境学院, 新疆伊宁 835000
3.沈阳农业大学土地与环境学院, 沈阳 110866

收稿日期:2024-07-09 接受日期:2024-09-20 出版日期:2025-03-20 发布日期:2025-03-27
通讯作者: *E-mail: cuidongw@126.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(32260272);第三次新疆综合科学考察项目(2022xjkk0405)

Short-term nitrogen addition, watering, and mowing weakened the relationship between soil biodiversity and ecosystem multifunctionality in degraded Sophora alopecuroides grassland

Liu Shuqi¹^,²^,³, Cui Dong¹^,²^,^*(), Jiang Zhicheng¹^,², Liu Jianghui¹^,², Yan Jiangchao¹^,²

1 Institute of Resources and Ecology, Yili Normal University, Yining, Xinjiang 835000, China
2 College of Resources and Environment, Yili Normal University, Yining, Xinjiang 835000, China
3 College of Land and Environment, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China

Received:2024-07-09 Accepted:2024-09-20 Online:2025-03-20 Published:2025-03-27
Contact: *E-mail: cuidongw@126.com
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(32260272);Third Xinjiang Scientific Expedition Program(2022xjkk0405)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 气候变化和人类活动的双重影响会增加毒害草适生区, 导致新疆半干旱地区生物多样性迅速丧失, 草地退化日益严重。探明土壤生物群落与生态系统多功能性的关系, 可为新疆地区科学管控毒害草扩散蔓延提供理论支撑。本研究通过田间试验, 探究短期氮、水添加和刈割对土壤生物多样性、共生网络的影响以及多样性指数与生态系统多功能性的关系。结果显示: (1)土壤细菌Shannon-Wiener多样性在对照组与水添加处理和氮添加刈割处理之间有显著性差异; 土壤真菌、线虫和节肢动物多样性在各处理之间无显著性差异。(2)氮添加、水添加、刈割、氮水添加和氮添加刈割处理降低了土壤生物共生网络的复杂性和连通性; 水添加刈割和氮水添加刈割处理增加了土壤生物共生网络的复杂性和连通性。(3)对照组生物多样性指数与生态系统多功能性指数呈显著正相关关系(P < 0.01), 氮添加刈割处理生物多样性指数与生态系统多功能性指数呈显著负相关关系(P < 0.05); 其他处理生物多样性指数与生态系统多功能性指数均无相关性。土壤细菌多样性在外界环境改变时最易发生变化, 短期氮、水添加和刈割会减弱土壤生物多样性与生态系统多功能性的联系。本文可为深入了解全球变化引起的环境变化对土壤生物多样性和生态系统多功能性关系的影响机制提供理论依据。

关键词: 全球变化, 毒害草, 微生物, 土壤动物, 生态系统多功能性

Abstract

Aims: The combined impacts of climate change and human activities are likely to increase the land areas suitable for poisonous weeds, leading to rapid biodiversity loss and increasingly severe grassland degradation in the semi-arid region of Xinjiang. Enhanced understanding of the relationship between soil biomes and ecosystem multifunctionality can provide theoretical support for efforts to control the spread of poisonous weeds in Xinjiang.
Methods: This study used a field experiment to explore the effects of nitrogen, water addition and mowing on soil biodiversity patterns, co-occurrence networks, and the relationship between diversity indices and ecosystem multifunctionality. This study adopted a randomized block trial design and set up eight treatments, which are no nitrogen, no watering, no mowing (CK), nitrogen addition (N treatment), watering (W treatment), mowing (M treatment), nitrogen × watering (NW treatment), nitrogen × mowing (NM treatment), watering × mowing (WM treatment), nitrogen × watering × mowing (NWM treatment).
Results: (1) The Shannon-Wiener diversity index of soil bacteria differed significantly between the control, water addition, and nitrogen-mowing treatments. There were no significant differences between the diversity of soil fungi, nematodes, and arthropods in each treatment. (2) N, W, M, NW, and NM treatments all resulted in reduced complexity and connectivity of soil biological co-occurrence networks. WM and NWM treatments increased the complexity and connectivity of soil biological co-occurrence networks. (3) In the control, there was a significant and positive correlation between multidiversity and ecosystem multifunctionality (P < 0.01). In the NM treatment, there was a significant and negative correlation between multidiversity and ecosystem multifunctionality (P < 0.05). There was no correlation between multidiversity and ecosystem multifunctionality in the other treatments. Finally, soil bacterial diversity was most susceptible to the change of external environment.
Conclusion: This study demonstrated that short-term nitrogen addition, watering, and mowing can weaken the relationship between soil biodiversity and ecosystem multifunctionality. These findings provide a theoretical basis for closer study of the mechanisms that affect the relationship between soil biodiversity and ecosystem multifunctionality through environmental changes caused by global climate change.

Key words: global change, poisonous weeds, microbes, soil fauna, ecosystem multifunctionality

刘淑琪, 崔东, 江智诚, 刘江慧, 闫江超 (2025) 短期氮、水添加和刈割减弱了苦豆子型退化草地土壤生物多样性与生态系统多功能性的联系. 生物多样性, 33, 24305. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2024305.

Liu Shuqi, Cui Dong, Jiang Zhicheng, Liu Jianghui, Yan Jiangchao (2025) Short-term nitrogen addition, watering, and mowing weakened the relationship between soil biodiversity and ecosystem multifunctionality in degraded Sophora alopecuroides grassland. Biodiversity Science, 33, 24305. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2024305.

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2024305

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2025/V33/I3/24305

图/表 9

图1 研究区位置图。A-C: 不同生长阶段(幼苗期、开花期和结果期)的苦豆子群落; D-E: 苦豆子根系。

Fig. 1 Location of the study area. A-C, Sophora alopecuroides communities at different growth stages (seedling stage, flowering stage, and seed setting stage); D-E, Root system of Sophora alopecuroides.

表1 不同处理植被群落分布状况

Table 1 Distribution of vegetation communities in different treatments

处理 Treatments	优势种 Dominant species	其他物种 Other species	物种数 Species number	生物量 Biomass (g/m²)
对照CK	苦豆子、扁穗雀麦、多枝柽柳 Sophora alopecuroides, Bromus catharticus, Tamarix ramosissima	狗牙根、狗尾草、旱茅、大翅蓟、冷蒿、小蓬草、野莴苣、苍耳、欧夏至草 Cynodon dactylon, Setaria viridis, Schizachyrium delavayi, Onopordum acanthium, Artemisia frigida, Erigeron canadensis, Lactuca serriola, Xanthium strumarium, Marrubium vulgare	10	393.57
氮添加N	苦豆子、扁穗雀麦 Sophora alopecuroides, Bromus catharticus	多枝柽柳、狗牙根、旱茅、大翅蓟、冷蒿、猪毛蒿、小蓬草、欧夏至草、薄荷、猪毛菜、薹草 Tamarix ramosissima, Cynodon dactylon, Schizachyrium delavayi, Onopordum acanthium, Artemisia frigida, A. scoparia, Erigeron canadensis, Marrubium vulgare, Mentha canadensis, Kali collinum, Carex spp.	13	517.52
水添加W	苦豆子、扁穗雀麦、多枝柽柳 Sophora alopecuroides, Bromus catharticus, Tamarix ramosissima	狗牙根、旱茅、大翅蓟、冷蒿、猪毛蒿、小蓬草、欧夏至草 Cynodon dactylon, Schizachyrium delavayi, Onopordum acanthium, Artemisia frigida, A. scoparia, Erigeron canadensis, Marrubium vulgare	10	397.52
刈割M	苦豆子、扁穗雀麦、狗尾草 Sophora alopecuroides, Bromus catharticus, Setaria viridis	多枝柽柳、苜蓿、大翅蓟、猪毛蒿、小蓬草、野莴苣、欧夏至草、角果藜 Tamarix ramosissima, Medicago sativa, Onopordum acanthium, Artemisia scoparia, Erigeron canadensis, Lactuca serriola, Marrubium vulgare, Ceratocarpus arenarius	11	132.02
氮添加 + 水添加 NW	苦豆子、扁穗雀麦 Sophora alopecuroides, Bromus catharticus	多枝柽柳、狗牙根、旱茅、狗尾草、大翅蓟、猪毛蒿、小蓬草、薹草 Tamarix ramosissima, Cynodon dactylon, Schizachyrium delavayi, Setaria viridis, Onopordum acanthium, Artemisia scoparia, Erigeron canadensis, Carex spp.	10	492.86
氮添加 + 刈割 NM	苦豆子、扁穗雀麦 Sophora alopecuroides, Bromus catharticus	多枝柽柳、狗牙根、旱茅、羊草、狗尾草、大翅蓟、野莴苣、欧夏至草 Tamarix ramosissima, Cynodon dactylon, Schizachyrium delavayi, Leymus chinensis, Setaria viridis, Onopordum acanthium, Lactuca serriola, Marrubium vulgare	10	168.98
水添加 + 刈割WM	苦豆子、扁穗雀麦 Sophora alopecuroides, Bromus catharticus	多枝柽柳、狗牙根、旱茅、大翅蓟、冷蒿、猪毛蒿、乳苣、小蓬草、野莴苣、欧夏至草 Tamarix ramosissima, Cynodon dactylon, Schizachyrium delavayi, Onopordum acanthium, Artemisia frigida, A. scoparia, Lactuca tatarica, Erigeron canadensis, Lactuca serriola, Marrubium vulgare	12	141.30
氮添加 + 水添加 + 刈割NWM	苦豆子、扁穗雀麦 Sophora alopecuroides, Bromus catharticus	旱茅、羊草、大翅蓟、小蓬草、苍耳 Schizachyrium delavayi, Leymus chinensis, Onopordum acanthium, Erigeron canadensis, Xanthium strumarium	7	134.36

表1 不同处理植被群落分布状况

Table 1 Distribution of vegetation communities in different treatments

处理 Treatments	优势种 Dominant species	其他物种 Other species	物种数 Species number	生物量 Biomass (g/m²)
对照CK	苦豆子、扁穗雀麦、多枝柽柳 Sophora alopecuroides, Bromus catharticus, Tamarix ramosissima	狗牙根、狗尾草、旱茅、大翅蓟、冷蒿、小蓬草、野莴苣、苍耳、欧夏至草 Cynodon dactylon, Setaria viridis, Schizachyrium delavayi, Onopordum acanthium, Artemisia frigida, Erigeron canadensis, Lactuca serriola, Xanthium strumarium, Marrubium vulgare	10	393.57
氮添加N	苦豆子、扁穗雀麦 Sophora alopecuroides, Bromus catharticus	多枝柽柳、狗牙根、旱茅、大翅蓟、冷蒿、猪毛蒿、小蓬草、欧夏至草、薄荷、猪毛菜、薹草 Tamarix ramosissima, Cynodon dactylon, Schizachyrium delavayi, Onopordum acanthium, Artemisia frigida, A. scoparia, Erigeron canadensis, Marrubium vulgare, Mentha canadensis, Kali collinum, Carex spp.	13	517.52
水添加W	苦豆子、扁穗雀麦、多枝柽柳 Sophora alopecuroides, Bromus catharticus, Tamarix ramosissima	狗牙根、旱茅、大翅蓟、冷蒿、猪毛蒿、小蓬草、欧夏至草 Cynodon dactylon, Schizachyrium delavayi, Onopordum acanthium, Artemisia frigida, A. scoparia, Erigeron canadensis, Marrubium vulgare	10	397.52
刈割M	苦豆子、扁穗雀麦、狗尾草 Sophora alopecuroides, Bromus catharticus, Setaria viridis	多枝柽柳、苜蓿、大翅蓟、猪毛蒿、小蓬草、野莴苣、欧夏至草、角果藜 Tamarix ramosissima, Medicago sativa, Onopordum acanthium, Artemisia scoparia, Erigeron canadensis, Lactuca serriola, Marrubium vulgare, Ceratocarpus arenarius	11	132.02
氮添加 + 水添加 NW	苦豆子、扁穗雀麦 Sophora alopecuroides, Bromus catharticus	多枝柽柳、狗牙根、旱茅、狗尾草、大翅蓟、猪毛蒿、小蓬草、薹草 Tamarix ramosissima, Cynodon dactylon, Schizachyrium delavayi, Setaria viridis, Onopordum acanthium, Artemisia scoparia, Erigeron canadensis, Carex spp.	10	492.86
氮添加 + 刈割 NM	苦豆子、扁穗雀麦 Sophora alopecuroides, Bromus catharticus	多枝柽柳、狗牙根、旱茅、羊草、狗尾草、大翅蓟、野莴苣、欧夏至草 Tamarix ramosissima, Cynodon dactylon, Schizachyrium delavayi, Leymus chinensis, Setaria viridis, Onopordum acanthium, Lactuca serriola, Marrubium vulgare	10	168.98
水添加 + 刈割WM	苦豆子、扁穗雀麦 Sophora alopecuroides, Bromus catharticus	多枝柽柳、狗牙根、旱茅、大翅蓟、冷蒿、猪毛蒿、乳苣、小蓬草、野莴苣、欧夏至草 Tamarix ramosissima, Cynodon dactylon, Schizachyrium delavayi, Onopordum acanthium, Artemisia frigida, A. scoparia, Lactuca tatarica, Erigeron canadensis, Lactuca serriola, Marrubium vulgare	12	141.30
氮添加 + 水添加 + 刈割NWM	苦豆子、扁穗雀麦 Sophora alopecuroides, Bromus catharticus	旱茅、羊草、大翅蓟、小蓬草、苍耳 Schizachyrium delavayi, Leymus chinensis, Onopordum acanthium, Erigeron canadensis, Xanthium strumarium	7	134.36

图2 不同处理对土壤生物多样性的影响。各处理的缩写含义见表1。图中数据为平均值 ± 标准误, 不同小写字母表示不同处理之间差异显著(P < 0.05)。

Fig. 2 Effects of different treatments on soil biodiversity. The meanings of treatment abbreviation are shown in Table 1. Data in the figure are means ± SE, and different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among treatments (P < 0.05). PP, Plant parasites; Ba, Bacterivores; Fu, Fungivores; OP, Omnivores/Predators.

图3 不同处理下土壤生物(细菌、真菌、线虫、节肢动物)可视化生态网络。各处理的缩写含义见表1。细菌和真菌采用了丰度大于0.1%且出现频次大于5的扩增子序列变体(ASV)数据; 线虫(基于属水平)和节肢动物(基于科水平)类群较少, 采用所有类群数据。每个节点(度)的大小与细菌、真菌、线虫和节肢动物的丰度成正比。

Fig. 3 Visualized ecological network of soil organisms (bacteria, fungi, nematodes, arthropods) under different treatments. The meanings of treatment abbreviation are shown in Table 1. Bacteria and fungi were used from amplicon sequence variant (ASV) data with abundances greater than 0.1% and frequency of occurrence greater than 5; nematode (on the genus level) and arthropod (on the family level) taxa were less frequent and all taxa data were used. The node (degree) size was proportional to the abundance of bacteria, fungi, nematodes and arthropods.

图4 不同处理土壤生物共生网络节点所占比例(a)和正负连接所占比例(b)。各处理的缩写含义见表1。

Fig. 4 Proportion of co-occurrence networks nodes (a) and proportion of positive and negative connections (b) of soil organisms under different treatments. The meanings of treatment abbreviation are shown in Table 1.

图5 土壤生物多样性与环境因子的关系。(a) Pearson相关性; (b)线性相关。

Fig. 5 Relationship between soil biodiversity and environmental factors. (a) Pearson correlation; (b) Linear correlation. PP, Plant parasites; Ba, Bacterivores; Fu, Fungivores; OP, Omnivores/Predators.

图6 土壤理化性质与生态系统多功能性的关系。各处理的缩写含义见表1。

Fig. 6 Relationships between soil physicochemical properties and ecosystem multifunctionality. The meanings of treatment abbreviation are shown in Table 1.

图7 不同处理土壤多重生物多样性指数与生态系统多功能性的关系。各处理的缩写含义见表1。

Fig. 7 The fitted linear relationships between soil multidiversity and ecosystem multifunctionality under different treatments. The meanings of treatment abbreviation are shown in Table 1.

图8 偏最小二乘路径模型描述氮、水添加和刈割对生态系统多功能性的直接和间接影响。红色表示正相关, 蓝色表示负相关, 灰色表示无相关性。ns: P > 0.05, * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01。

Fig. 8 Partial least squares path modeling describing direct and indirect effects of nitrogen addition, watering, and mowing on ecosystem multifunctionality. Red line indicates positive correlation, blue line indicates negative correlation, and grey indicates no correlation. ns, P > 0.05, * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01. PP, Plant parasites; Ba, Bacterivores; Fu, Fungivores; OP, Omnivores/Predators.

参考文献 64

[1]	Banerjee S, Schlaeppi K,van der Heijden MGA (2018) Keystone taxa as drivers of microbiome structure and functioning. Nature Reviews Microbiology, 16, 567-576. DOI PMID
[2]	Bao SD(2000) Soil Agrochemical Analysis. China Agriculture Press, Beijing. (in Chinese)
	[ 鲍士旦 (2000) 土壤农化分析. 中国农业出版社, 北京.]
[3]	Bardgett RD,van der Putten WH (2014) Belowground biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Nature, 515, 505-511.
[4]	Binder S, Isbell F, Polasky S, Catford JA, Tilman D(2018) Grassland biodiversity can pay. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA, 115, 3876-3881.
[5]	Bongers T(1994) De Nematoden van Nederland. Vormgeving en technische realisatie: Uitgenerij, Pirola, Schoorl, Netherland.
[6]	Chen YF, Cao ZP(2008) The soil food web: Structure, energy flux and stability. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 28, 5055-5064. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 陈云峰, 曹志平 (2008) 土壤食物网: 结构、能流及稳定性. 生态学报, 28, 5055-5064.]
[7]	Chen YN, Li Y, Qiu TY, He HR, Liu J, Duan CJ, Cui YX, Huang M, Wu CY, Fang LC(2024) High nitrogen fertilizer input enhanced the microbial network complexity in the paddy soil. Soil Ecology Letters, 6, 230205. DOI
[8]	Coyte KZ, Schluter J, Foster KR(2015) The ecology of the microbiome: Networks, competition, and stability. Science, 350, 663-666. DOI PMID
[9]	Craven D, Eisenhauer N, Pearse WD, Hautier Y, Isbell F, Roscher C, Bahn M, Beierkuhnlein C, Bönisch G, Buchmann N, Byun C, Catford JA, Cerabolini BEL, Cornelissen JHC, Craine JM, De Luca E, Ebeling A, Griffin JN, Hector A, Hines J, Jentsch A, Kattge J, Kreyling J, Lanta V, Lemoine N, Meyer ST, Minden V, Onipchenko V, Polley HW, Reich PB, van Ruijven J, Schamp B, Smith MD, Soudzilovskaia NA, Tilman D, Weigelt A, Wilsey B, Manning P(2018) Multiple facets of biodiversity drive the diversity-stability relationship. Nature Ecology & Evolution, 2, 1579-1587.
[10]	Cui SY, Han X, Xiao YS, Wu PF, Zhang SX, Abid A, Zheng G(2022) Increase in rainfall intensity promotes soil nematode diversity but offset by nitrogen addition in a temperate grassland. Science of the Total Environment, 825, 154039.
[11]	de Gea AB, Hautier Y, Geisen S(2023) Interactive effects of global change drivers as determinants of the link between soil biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Global Change Biology, 29, 296-307.
[12]	de Vries FT, Thébault E, Liiri M, Birkhofer K, Tsiafouli MA, Bjørnlund L, Jørgensen HB, Brady MV, Christensen S, de Ruiter PC, d’Hertefeldt T, Frouz J, Hedlund K, Hemerik L, Gera Hol WH, Hotes S, Mortimer SR, Setälä H, Sgardelis SP, Uteseny K, van der Putten WH, Wolters V, Bardgett RD(2013) Soil food web properties explain ecosystem services across European land use systems. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA, 110, 14296-14301.
[13]	Delgado-Baquerizo M, Maestre FT, Reich PB, Jeffries TC, Gaitan JJ, Encinar D, Berdugo M, Campbell CD, Singh BK(2016) Microbial diversity drives multifunctionality in terrestrial ecosystems. Nature Communications, 7, 10541. DOI PMID
[14]	Duan L, Hao JM, Xie SD, Zhou ZP(2002) Estimating critical loads of sulfur and nitrogen for Chinese soils by steady state method. Chinese Journal of Environmental Science, 23(2), 7-12. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 段雷, 郝吉明, 谢绍东, 周中平 (2002) 用稳态法确定中国土壤的硫沉降和氮沉降临界负荷. 环境科学, 23(2), 7-12.]
[15]	Dun SS, Cao JR, Jia X, Pang S(2017) Effects of grazing and mowing on extractable carbon and nitrogen in typical grassland of Inner Mongolia, China. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 28, 3235-3242. (in Chinese with English abstract) DOI
	[ 顿沙沙, 曹继容, 贾秀, 庞爽 (2017) 放牧和刈割对内蒙古典型草原土壤可提取碳和氮的影响. 应用生态学报, 28, 3235-3242.] DOI
[16]	Easterling DR, Meehl GA, Parmesan C, Changnon SA, Karl TR, Mearns LO(2000) Climate extremes: Observations, modeling, and impacts. Science, 289, 2068-2074. DOI PMID
[17]	FAO, ITPS, GSBI, SCBD, EC (2020) State of Knowledge of Soil Biodiversity—Status, Challenges and Potentialities. Rome, FAO.
[18]	García-Palacios P, Vandegehuchte ML, Shaw EA, Dam M, Post KH, Ramirez KS, Sylvain ZA, de Tomasel CM, Wall DH(2015) Are there links between responses of soil microbes and ecosystem functioning to elevated CO₂, N deposition and warming? A global perspective. Global Change Biology, 21, 1590-1600. DOI PMID
[19]	Geisen S, Wall DH,van der Putten WH (2019) Challenges and opportunities for soil biodiversity in the Anthropocene. Current Biology, 29, R1036-R1044.
[20]	Harper CW, Blair JM, Fay PA, Knapp AK, Carlisle JD(2005) Increased rainfall variability and reduced rainfall amount decreases soil CO₂ flux in a grassland ecosystem. Global Change Biology, 11, 322-334.
[21]	Hautier Y, Seabloom EW, Borer ET, Adler PB, Stanley Harpole W, Hillebrand H, Lind EM, MacDougall AS, Stevens CJ, Bakker JD, Buckley YM, Chu CJ, Collins SL, Daleo P, Damschen EI, Davies KF, Fay PA, Firn J, Gruner DS, Jin VL, Klein JA, Knops JMH, La Pierre KJ, Li W, McCulley RL, Melbourne BA, Moore JL, O’Halloran LR, Prober SM, Risch AC, Sankaran M, Martin Schuetz M, Hector A(2014) Eutrophication weakens stabilizing effects of diversity in natural grasslands. Nature, 508, 521-525.
[22]	He SL, Ye H, Li J, Zhang YL, De HS, Hong M(2024) Effects of nitrogen deposition and precipitation changes in different time spans on community structure and diversity of soil meso- and micro-fauna in Stipa breviflora desert steppe. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 33(9), 140-154. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 贺世龙, 叶贺, 李静, 张雅玲, 德海山, 红梅 (2024) 不同时限氮沉降和降水变化对荒漠草原中小型土壤节肢动物群落结构与多样性的影响. 草业学报, 33(9), 140-154.] DOI
[23]	Hooper DU, Carol Adair E, Cardinale BJ, Byrnes JEK, Hungate BA, Matulich KL, Gonzalez A, Emmett Duffy J, Gamfeldt L, O’Connor MI(2012) A global synthesis reveals biodiversity loss as a major driver of ecosystem change. Nature, 486, 105-108.
[24]	Hu J, Chen GR, Hassan WM, Chen H, Li JY, Du GZ(2017) Fertilization influences the nematode community through changing the plant community in the Tibetan Plateau. European Journal of Soil Biology, 78, 7-16.
[25]	Hu WG, Ran JZ, Dong LW, Du QJ, Ji MF, Yao SR, Sun Y, Gong CM, Hou QQ, Gong HY, Chen RF, Lu JL, Xie SB, Wang ZQ, Huang H, Li XW, Xiong JL, Xia R, Wei MH, Zhao DM, Zhang YH, Li JH, Yang HX, Wang XT, Deng Y, Sun Y, Li HL, Zhang L, Chu QP, Li XW, Aqeel M, Manan A, Akram MA, Liu XH, Li R, Li F, Hou C, Liu JQ, He JS, An LZ, Bardgett RD, Schmid B, Deng JM(2021) Aridity-driven shift in biodiversity-soil multifunctionality relationships. Nature Communications, 12, 5350. DOI PMID
[26]	Hu ZK, Delgado-Baquerizo M, Fanin N, Chen XY, Zhou Y, Du GZ, Hu F, Jiang L, Hu SJ, Liu MQ(2024) Nutrient-induced acidification modulates soil biodiversity- function relationships. Nature Communications, 15, 2858.
[27]	Huang RJ, Zhang CY, Wen YT, Wu CC, Lu H, Zhao BY(2022) Predicting the habitats of Achnatherum inebrians in China under current (1970-2000) and future climate conditions. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 30, 2712-2720. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 黄睿杰, 张春艳, 温雨婷, 吴晨晨, 路浩, 赵宝玉 (2022) 当前(1970-2000) 与未来气候变化情境下中国醉马芨芨草潜在分布预测. 草地学报, 30, 2712-2720.]
[28]	Ilmarinen K, Mikola J, Nissinen K, Vestberg M(2009) Role of soil organisms in the maintenance of species-rich seminatural grasslands through mowing. Restoration Ecology, 17, 78-88.
[29]	Jenkins WR(1964) A rapid centrifugal-flotation technique for separating nematodes from soil. Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection, 48, 692-692.
[30]	Lei L, Sun WG, He L, Jiang HF, Zhang MJ, He WJ, Hu ZX, Gu Y, Song HP, Zhang YH(2019) Cardiotoxicity of Consolida rugulosa, a poisonous weed in Western China. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 170, 141-147.
[31]	Li YH, Han X, Li B, Li YB, Du XF, Sun YX, Li Q,Martijn Bezemer T (2023) Soil addition improves multifunctionality of degraded grasslands through increasing fungal richness and network complexity. Geoderma, 437, 116607.
[32]	Liu Y, Du JQ, Ma LY, Yang G, Tian JQ(2025) Diversity and distribution of methanogen communities in the riparian wetlands of the Nam Co basin. Biodiversity Science, 33, 24247. (in Chinese with English abstract) DOI
	[ 刘源, 杜剑卿, 马丽媛, 杨刚, 田建卿 (2025) 纳木措流域岸边带湿地产甲烷古菌群落多样性与分布特征. 生物多样性, 33, 24247. DOI
[33]	Loreau M, Naeem S, Inchausti P, Bengtsson J, Grime JP, Hector A, Hooper DU, Huston MA, Raffaelli D, Schmid B, Tilman D, Wardle DA(2001) Biodiversity and ecosystem functioning: Current knowledge and future challenges. Science, 294, 804-808. DOI PMID
[34]	Manning P, van der Plas F, Soliveres S, Allan E, Maestre FT, Mace G, Whittingham MJ, Fischer M(2018) Redefining ecosystem multifunctionality. Nature Ecology & Evolution, 2, 427-436.
[35]	Mao ZX, Yue M, Wang YC, Li LJ, Li Y(2024) Soil microorganisms mediated the responses of the plant-soil systems of Neotrinia splendens to nitrogen addition and warming in a desert ecosystem. Agronomy, 14, 132.
[36]	Mitri S, Clarke E, Foster KR(2016) Resource limitation drives spatial organization in microbial groups. ISME Journal, 10, 1471-1482.
[37]	Pan GX, Smith P, Pan WN(2009) The role of soil organic matter in maintaining the productivity and yield stability of cereals in China. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 129, 344-348.
[38]	Peng Y, Peñuelas J, Vesterdal L, Yue K, Peguero G, Fornara DA, Heděnec P, Steffens C, Wu FZ(2022) Responses of soil fauna communities to the individual and combined effects of multiple global change factors. Ecology Letters, 25, 1961-1973. DOI PMID
[39]	Pennekamp F, Pontarp M, Tabi A, Altermatt F, Alther R, Choffat Y, Fronhofer EA, Ganesanandamoorthy P, Garnier A, Griffiths JI, Greene S, Horgan K, Massie TM, Mächler E, Palamara GM, Seymour M, Petchey OL(2018) Biodiversity increases and decreases ecosystem stability. Nature, 563, 109-112.
[40]	Potapov AM(2022) Multifunctionality of belowground food webs: Resource, size and spatial energy channels. Biological Reviews, 97, 1691-1711.
[41]	Ren YL(2012) Effects of precipitation change on inorganic nitrogen and net nitrogen mineralization rate at a plantation of Mongolian pine. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis, 48, 925-932. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 任艳林 (2012) 降水变化对樟子松人工林土壤无机氮和净氮矿化速率的影响. 北京大学学报(自然科学版), 48, 925-932.]
[42]	Saleem M, Hu J, Jousset A(2019) More than the sum of its parts: Microbiome biodiversity as a driver of plant growth and soil health. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, 50, 145-168.
[43]	Sardans J, Peñuelas J(2015) Potassium: A neglected nutrient in global change. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 24, 261-275.
[44]	Shannon CE(1950) The mathematical theory of communication. Bell Labs Technical Journal, 3, 31-32.
[45]	Soliveres S, van der Plas F, Manning P, Prati D, Gossner MM, Renner SC, Alt F, Arndt H, Baumgartner V, Binkenstein J, Birkhofer K, Blaser S, Blüthgen N, Boch S, Böhm S, Börschig C, Buscot F, Diekötter T, Heinze J, Hölzel N, Jung K, Klaus VH, Kleinebecker T, Klemmer S, Krauss J, Lange M, Kathryn Morris E, Müller J, Oelmann Y, Overmann J, Pašalić E, Rillig MC, Martin Schaefer H, Schloter M, Schmitt B, Schöning I, Schrumpf M, Sikorski J, Socher SA, Solly EF, Sonnemann I, Sorkau E, Steckel J, Steffan-Dewenter I, Stempfhuber B, Tschapka M, Türke M, Venter PC, Weiner CN, Weisser WW, Werner M, Westphal C, Wilcke W, Wolters V, Wubet T, Wurst S, Fischer M, Allan E(2016) Biodiversity at multiple trophic levels is needed for ecosystem multifunctionality. Nature, 536, 456-459.
[46]	Sun YF, Shen JP, Zhang CJ, Zhang LM, Bai WM, Fang Y, He JZ(2018) Responses of soil microbial community to nitrogen fertilizer and precipitation regimes in a semi-arid steppe. Journal of Soils and Sediments, 18, 762-774.
[47]	Sünnemann M, Alt C, Kostin JE, Lochner A, Reitz T, Siebert J, Schädler M, Eisenhauer N(2021) Low-intensity land-use enhances soil microbial activity, biomass and fungal-to-bacterial ratio in current and future climates. Journal of Applied Ecology, 58, 2614-2625.
[48]	Thakur MP, Geisen S(2019) Trophic regulations of the soil microbiome. Trends in Microbiology, 27, 771-780. DOI PMID
[49]	Topalović O, Geisen S(2023) Nematodes as suppressors and facilitators of plant performance. New Phytologist, 238, 2305-2312. DOI PMID
[50]	Wang JL(2020) Research on Species Diversity and Integrated Control Technology of Poisonous Weeds in Xinjiang Grazing Grassland. PhD dissertation, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 王军亮 (2020) 新疆放牧草地毒害草种属多样性与综合防控措施研究. 博士学位论文, 扬州大学, 江苏扬州.]
[51]	Wang YT(2023) Impacts of Precipitation Change and Nitrogen Deposition on Ecosystem Multifunctionality of Typical Steppe in the Loess Plateau. PhD dissertation, Ningxia University, Yinchuan. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 王誉陶 (2023) 降水变化与氮沉降对黄土高原典型草原生态系统多功能性的影响. 博士学位论文, 宁夏大学, 银川.]
[52]	Wu LJ, Chen HS, Chen DM, Wang SP, Wu Y, Wang B, Liu SG, Yue LY, Yu J, Bai YF(2023) Soil biota diversity and plant diversity both contributed to ecosystem stability in grasslands. Ecology Letters, 26, 858-868. DOI PMID
[53]	Xiao YS, Yang CR, Zheng G, Wu PF, Zhang SX, Cui SY(2022) Effects of precipitation regime on the structure of soil micro-food web in the grassland of northern China. Biodiversity Science, 30, 22208. (in Chinese with English abstract) DOI
	[ 肖宇珊, 杨昌娆, 郑国, 武鹏峰, 张士秀, 崔淑艳 (2022) 降水格局对北方温带草原土壤微食物网结构的影响. 生物多样性, 30, 22208.] DOI
[54]	Xu ZF(2009) General Entomology. Science Press, Beijing. (in Chinese)
	[ 许再福 (2009) 普通昆虫学. 科学出版社, 北京.]
[55]	Yang HJ, Jiang L, Li LH, Li A, Wu MY, Wan SQ(2012) Diversity-dependent stability under mowing and nutrient addition: Evidence from a 7-year grassland experiment. Ecology Letters, 15, 619-626. DOI PMID
[56]	Yang S, Li XB, Wang RZ, Cai JP, Xu ZW, Zhang YG, Li H, Jiang Y(2015) Effects of nitrogen and water addition on soil bacterial diversity and community structure in temperate grasslands in northern China. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 26, 739-746. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 杨山, 李小彬, 王汝振, 蔡江平, 徐柱文, 张玉革, 李慧, 姜勇 (2015) 氮水添加对中国北方草原土壤细菌多样性和群落结构的影响. 应用生态学报, 26, 739-746.]
[57]	Yin R, Qin WK, Wang XD, Xie D, Wang H, Zhao HY, Zhang ZH, He JS, Schädler M, Kardol P, Eisenhauer N, Zhu B(2023) Experimental warming causes mismatches in alpine plant-microbe-fauna phenology. Nature Communications, 14, 2159. DOI PMID
[58]	Yin WY(2000) Pictorial Keys to Soil Animals of China. Science Press, Beijing. (in Chinese)
	[ 尹文英 (2000) 中国土壤动物检索图鉴. 科学出版社, 北京.]
[59]	Zhai CC, Han LL, Xiong C, Ge AH, Yue XJ, Li Y, Zhou ZX, Feng JY, Ru JY, Song J, Jiang L, Yang YF, Zhang LM, Wan SQ(2024) Soil microbial diversity and network complexity drive the ecosystem multifunctionality of temperate grasslands under changing precipitation. Science of the Total Environment, 906, 167217.
[60]	Zhang CJ, Yang ZL, Shen JP, Sun YF, Wang JT, Han HY, Wan SQ, Zhang LM, He JZ(2018) Impacts of long-term nitrogen addition, watering and mowing on ammonia oxidizers, denitrifiers and plant communities in a temperate steppe. Applied Soil Ecology, 130, 241-250.
[61]	Zhang XK, Liang WJ, Li Q(2013) Forest Soil Nematodes in Changbai Mountain. China Agriculture Press, Beijing. (in Chinese)
	[ 张晓珂, 梁文举, 李琪 (2013) 长白山森林土壤线虫. 中国农业出版社, 北京.]
[62]	Zhao FC, Chen HF, Wang YH, Dong KH, Wang CH, Chen XP(2022) Response of rhizosphere soil properties to changed precipitation and nitrogen addition in a salinized grassland. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 30, 2430-2437. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 赵芳草, 陈鸿飞, 王一昊, 董宽虎, 王常慧, 陈晓鹏 (2022) 盐渍化草地根际土壤理化性质对降水改变和氮添加的响应. 草地学报, 30, 2430-2437.] DOI
[63]	Zhou W, Yang H, Huang L, Chen C, Lin XS, Hu ZJ, Li JL(2017) Grassland degradation remote sensing monitoring and driving factors quantitative assessment in China from 1982 to 2010. Ecological Indicators, 83, 303-313.
[64]	Zhu ZK, Fang YY, Liang YQ, Li YH, Liu SL, Li YF, Li BZ, Gao W, Yuan HZ, Kuzyakov Y, Wu JS, Richter A, Ge TD(2022) Stoichiometric regulation of priming effects and soil carbon balance by microbial life strategies. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 169, 108669.

短期氮、水添加和刈割减弱了苦豆子型退化草地土壤生物多样性与生态系统多功能性的联系

Short-term nitrogen addition, watering, and mowing weakened the relationship between soil biodiversity and ecosystem multifunctionality in degraded Sophora alopecuroides grassland

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 9

参考文献 64

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	褚晓琳, 张全国. 演化速率假说的实验验证研究进展[J]. 生物多样性, 2025, 33(4): 25019-.
[2]	宋威, 程才, 王嘉伟, 吴纪华. 土壤微生物对植物多样性–生态系统功能关系的调控作用[J]. 生物多样性, 2025, 33(4): 24579-.
[3]	王嘉陈, 徐汤俊, 许唯, 张高季, 尤艺瑾, 阮宏华, 刘宏毅. 城市景观格局对大蚰蜒种群遗传结构的影响[J]. 生物多样性, 2025, 33(1): 24251-.
[4]	刘源, 杜剑卿, 马丽媛, 杨刚, 田建卿. 纳木措流域岸边带湿地产甲烷古菌群落多样性与分布特征[J]. 生物多样性, 2025, 33(1): 24247-.
[5]	陈楠, 张全国. 实验进化研究途径[J]. 生物多样性, 2024, 32(9): 24171-.
[6]	孙怡欣, 侯春雨, 周磊, 魏雪, 马金豪, 薛娟, 李小涵, 吴鹏飞. 青藏高原盆栽一年生和多年生豆科牧草对土壤线虫群落的影响[J]. 生物多样性, 2024, 32(7): 24040-.
[7]	马骅, 李常青, 余品锋, 陈杰, 贺天耀, 王可洪. 澎溪河消落带大型土壤动物群落分布格局及其影响因素[J]. 生物多样性, 2024, 32(7): 24117-.
[8]	连佳丽, 陈婧, 杨雪琴, 赵莹, 罗叙, 韩翠, 赵雅欣, 李建平. 荒漠草原植物多样性和微生物多样性对降水变化的响应[J]. 生物多样性, 2024, 32(6): 24044-.
[9]	董云伟, 鲍梦幻, 程娇, 陈义永, 杜建国, 高养春, 胡利莎, 李心诚, 刘春龙, 秦耿, 孙进, 王信, 杨光, 张崇良, 张雄, 张宇洋, 张志新, 战爱斌, 贺强, 孙军, 陈彬, 沙忠利, 林强. 中国海洋生物地理学研究进展和热点: 物种分布模型及其应用[J]. 生物多样性, 2024, 32(5): 23453-.
[10]	郝操, 吴东辉, 莫凌梓, 徐国良. 越冬动物肠道微生物多样性及功能研究进展[J]. 生物多样性, 2024, 32(3): 23407-.
[11]	王党军, 谢午阳, 林小元, 乔秀娟, 徐耀粘, 田秋香, 刘峰, 张娅妮, 左娟, 江明喜. 八大公山森林土壤动物群落与叶经济谱及凋落物分解速率的关系[J]. 生物多样性, 2024, 32(12): 24261-.
[12]	赵榕江, 吴纪华, 何维明, 赵彩云, 周波, 李博, 杨强. 土壤生物多样性与外来植物入侵: 进展与展望[J]. 生物多样性, 2024, 32(11): 24243-.
[13]	韩丽霞, 王永健, 刘宣. 外来物种入侵与本土物种分布区扩张的异同[J]. 生物多样性, 2024, 32(1): 23396-.
[14]	牛永杰, 马全会, 朱玉, 刘海荣, 吕佳乐, 邹元春, 姜明. 氮沉降对草地昆虫多样性影响的研究进展[J]. 生物多样性, 2023, 31(9): 23130-.
[15]	罗正明, 刘晋仙, 张变华, 周妍英, 郝爱华, 杨凯, 柴宝峰. 不同退化阶段亚高山草甸土壤原生生物群落多样性特征及驱动因素[J]. 生物多样性, 2023, 31(8): 23136-.