生物多样性 ›› 2024, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (11): 24243.  DOI: 10.17520/biods.2024243  cstr: 32101.14.biods.2024243

• 生物入侵专题 • 上一篇    下一篇

土壤生物多样性与外来植物入侵: 进展与展望

赵榕江1, 吴纪华1(), 何维明2, 赵彩云3(), 周波1, 李博4, 杨强1,*()()   

  1. 1.兰州大学草种创新与草地农业生态系统全国重点实验室/生态学院, 兰州 730000
    2.河北农业大学林学院, 河北保定 071000
    3.中国环境科学研究院, 北京 100012
    4.云南大学生态与环境学院, 昆明 650504
  • 收稿日期:2024-06-18 接受日期:2024-08-28 出版日期:2024-11-20 发布日期:2024-12-27
  • 通讯作者: E-mail: qy@lzu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2022YFC2601100);国家自然科学基金(32471592);国家自然科学基金(31870521)

Soil biodiversity and exotic plant invasions: Progress and perspectives

Rongjiang Zhao1, Jihua Wu1(), Weiming He2, Caiyun Zhao3(), Bo Zhou1, Bo Li4, Qiang Yang1,*()()   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems/College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
    2. College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China
    3. Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
    4. School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650504, China
  • Received:2024-06-18 Accepted:2024-08-28 Online:2024-11-20 Published:2024-12-27
  • Contact: E-mail: qy@lzu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    Support by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFC2601100);National Natural Science Foundation of China(32471592);National Natural Science Foundation of China(31870521)

摘要:

外来植物入侵对本土生物多样性和生态安全构成严重威胁。尽管已有诸多研究探讨外来植物入侵的机制, 但土壤生物在这一过程中所起的关键作用尚未得到系统总结。本文首先综述了土壤生物驱动外来植物成功入侵的5种途径: (1)土壤微生物(病原微生物、共生微生物、腐生微生物、微生物多样性)驱动的外来植物入侵; (2)土壤动物(植食性昆虫、线虫和原生动物、螨虫和跳虫、蚯蚓)驱动的外来植物入侵; (3)土壤食物网(微食物网、整个食物网)驱动的外来植物入侵; (4)植物-土壤反馈与外来植物入侵的联系; (5)植物地上-地下生物互作对外来植物入侵的影响。其次, 基于上述研究进展, 本文提出该领域未来发展的4大趋势: (1)原产地和入侵地的生物地理学比较; (2)多样性-可入侵性假说的验证; (3)植物群落水平上的扩展; (4)多组学技术的应用。本文通过解析外来植物入侵的土壤生物学机制, 为防控外来入侵植物和保护生物多样性提供了重要依据。

关键词: 病原微生物, 菌根真菌, 腐生微生物, 植食性昆虫, 土壤线虫, 土壤食物网, 植物-土壤反馈, 植物地上-地下生物互作

Abstract

Background & Aims: Exotic plant invasions seriously threaten native biodiversity and ecological security. Although numerous studies have explored the mechanisms of exotic plant invasion, the critical role of soil organisms in this process has not been systematically reviewed.

Progress: In this review, we summarize five ways by which soil biota influence exotic plant invasions, including (1) the role of soil microorganisms (pathogenic microorganisms, symbiotic microorganisms, saprophytic microorganisms, microbial diversity); (2) the role of soil fauna (herbivorous insects, nematodes and protozoa, mites and collembolans, earthworms); (3) the role of soil food webs (micro-food webs, entire food webs); (4) the relationship between plant-soil feedback and plant invasions; and (5) the effect of plant above- and below-ground biotic interactions.

Prospectives: We propose four directions for future studies, including (1) biogeographic comparisons between native and invasive ranges; (2) the verification of the diversity-invasibility hypothesis; (3) the expansion at the plant community level; and (4) the application of multi-omics technology. By elucidating soil biological mechanisms for exotic plant invasion, this review provides important insights for the management of invasive exotic plants and biodiversity conservation.

Key words: pathogens, mycorrhizal fungi, saprophytes, insect herbivores, soil nematodes, soil food web, plant-soil feedback, plant above- and below-ground biotic interactions