澜沧江下游干流鱼类群落结构特征及外来鱼类入侵风险评估

doi:10.17520/biods.2025394

生物多样性 ›› 2026, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (5): 25394. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2025394 cstr: 32101.14.biods.2025394

• 研究报告: 动物多样性 • 上一篇下一篇

澜沧江下游干流鱼类群落结构特征及外来鱼类入侵风险评估

何天琪¹, 翟东东¹^,²^,^*(), 蔡方陶¹, 王东¹, 陈元元¹^,², 刘红艳¹^,²(), 熊飞¹^,²(), 刘明典³^,^*(), 段辛斌³

¹ 江汉大学生命科学学院, 湖北省汉江流域特色生物资源保护开发与利用工程技术研究中心, 武汉 430056
² 江汉大学, 持久性有毒污染物环境与健康危害湖北重点实验室, 武汉 430056
³ 中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所, 国家农业科学重庆观测实验站, 武汉 430223

收稿日期:2025-10-09 接受日期:2026-01-12 出版日期:2026-05-20 发布日期:2026-06-28
通讯作者: 翟东东,刘明典
基金资助:
湖北省高等学校优秀中青年科技创新团队计划项目(T2020034)

Characteristics of fish community structure in the lower mainstream of the Lancang River and risk assessment of alien fish invasion

Tianqi He¹, Dongdong Zhai¹^,²^,^*(), Fangtao Cai¹, Dong Wang¹, Yuanyuan Chen¹^,², Hongyan Liu¹^,²(), Fei Xiong¹^,²(), Mingdian Liu³^,^*(), Xinbin Duan³

¹ Hubei Engineering Research Center for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Hanjiang River Basin, School of Life Sciences, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
² Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
³ National Agricultural Science Observing and Experimental Station of Chongqing, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China

Received:2025-10-09 Accepted:2026-01-12 Online:2026-05-20 Published:2026-06-28
Contact: Dongdong Zhai, Mingdian Liu
Supported by:
The “Special Survey on Fishery Resources and Environment in Key Water Areas of Southwest China” of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, the Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund, CAFS(农业农村部“西南地区重点水域渔业资源与环境调查专项”、中国水产科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金);The Innovative Research Team Foundation of the Department of Education of Hubei Province, China(T2020034)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

澜沧江下游生境独特, 鱼类资源丰富, 受水电开发等人类活动影响, 干流鱼类群落结构正在发生显著变化, 特别是外来鱼类的侵入, 导致河流生态风险增加。本研究于2023-2024年对澜沧江下游干流不同江段(库区江段、坝下江段、自然江段)鱼类进行了季节性(枯水期、丰水期)调查采样, 分析了鱼类群落结构时空变化特征及外来鱼类种类、分布和入侵风险。结果表明, 在澜沧江下游干流共采集鱼类56种, 隶属于8目22科47属, 鲤形目占据主导地位。采集到澜沧江流域特有鱼类4种, 主要分布在坝下和自然江段; 外来鱼类25种, 主要分布在库区和坝下江段。相对重要性指数分析结果表明, 库区、坝下江段的鱼类优势种为䱗(Hemiculter leucisculus)、花身副丽鱼(Parachromis managuensis)、齐氏罗非鱼(Coptodon zillii)及尼罗罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)等外来鱼类, 自然江段为长臀鲃(Mystacoleucus marginatus)、短吻鱼(Sikukia gudgeri)、云南吻孔鲃(Poropuntius huangchuchieni)等土著鱼类。非度量多维尺度分析结果表明, 澜沧江下游干流鱼类群落结构空间上差异显著, 主要是因为库区江段外来鱼类较多, 自然江段土著鱼类较多, 而季节上丰水期与枯水期差异较小。单独针对外来鱼类进行分析, 从渔获物数量来看, 䱗、花身副丽鱼、罗非鱼等为主要外来鱼类; 在空间分布上, 外来鱼类在澜沧江下游干流库区江段分布多, 自然江段分布少, 其种类与数量在渔获物中的占比沿河流纵向梯度递减。外来鱼类入侵风险评估结果表明, 齐氏罗非鱼、尼罗罗非鱼、花身副丽鱼、下口鲇(Hypostomus plecostomus)、莫桑比克罗非鱼(Oreochromis mossambicus)、䱗等物种为该区域高入侵风险外来鱼类。综上, 水电开发在改变澜沧江下游干流鱼类群落结构的同时, 也为外来鱼类入侵创造了有利条件。建议采取差异化对策对该区域鱼类资源进行保护: 库区江段优先防控外来鱼类, 重点关注数量优势种及高入侵风险种; 自然江段则建立土著鱼类保护区, 维护土著鱼类生存与繁衍环境。

关键词: 澜沧江下游, 鱼类群落, 外来鱼类, 入侵风险评估

Abstract

Aims: The lower reaches of the Lancang River boast a unique habitat and abundant fish resources, making the conservation of its freshwater fish diversity a subject of great concern. Affected by human activities such as hydropower development, the fish community structure in the lower mainstream of Lancang River has been undergoing significant changes. In particular, the invasion of alien fish species has increased the ecological risks of the river.
Methods: From 2023 to 2024, seasonal (high-flow period and low-flow period) fish surveys and sampling were conducted in different reaches of the lower mainstream of Lancang River, including reservoir reaches, downstream reaches of dams, and natural reaches. The spatiotemporal variation characteristics of the fish community structure, as well as the species, distribution, and invasion risks of alien fish, were analyzed.
Results: A total of 56 fish species were collected in the lower mainstream of Lancang River, belonging to 8 orders, 22 families, and 47 genera, with Cypriniformes being the dominant order. Among the collected species, 4 are endemic to the Lancang River, mainly distributed in the downstream reaches of dams and natural reaches; 25 are alien species, predominantly found in reservoir reaches and downstream reaches of dams. Index of relative importance (IRI) analysis revealed that the dominant fish species in reservoir reaches and downstream reaches of dams are alien species such as Hemiculter leucisculus, Parachromis managuensis, Coptodon zillii, and Oreochromis niloticus, while the dominant species in natural reaches are native fishes including Mystacoleucus marginatus, Sikukia gudgeri, and Poropuntius huangchuchieni. Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) analysis revealed significant spatial differences in the fish community structure of the lower mainstream of Lancang River. This is mainly attributed to the higher abundance of alien fish in reservoir reaches and the dominance of native fish in natural reaches, while the seasonal differences between the high-flow period and low-flow period were relatively small. A separate analysis focusing on alien fishes indicated that in terms of catch quantity, Hemiculter leucisculus, Parachromis managuensis, Coptodon zillii, and Oreochromis niloticus were the main alien fish species. In terms of spatial distribution, alien fish in the lower mainstream of Lancang River were more abundant in reservoir reaches and less abundant in natural reaches. The proportion of their species and quantity in the catch showed a decreasing trend along the longitudinal gradient of the river. The risk assessment of alien fish demonstrated that species such as Coptodon zillii, Oreochromis niloticus, Parachromis managuensis, Hypostomus plecostomus, Oreochromis mossambicus, and Hemiculter leucisculus are high-risk invasive fish species in this region.
Conclusion: In conclusion, while hydropower development has altered the fish community structure in the lower mainstream of Lancang River, it has also created favorable conditions for the invasion of alien fish. To protect the fish resources in this region, differentiated strategies are proposed: priority should be given to the prevention and control of alien fish in reservoir reaches, with a focus on dominant species in terms of quantity and high-risk invasive species; in natural reaches, protected areas for native fish should be established to maintain the living and breeding environments of native fish species.

Key words: lower reaches of the Lancang River, fish community, alien fish, invasion risk assessment

何天琪, 翟东东, 蔡方陶, 王东, 陈元元, 刘红艳, 熊飞, 刘明典, 段辛斌 (2026) 澜沧江下游干流鱼类群落结构特征及外来鱼类入侵风险评估. 生物多样性, 34, 25394. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2025394.

Tianqi He, Dongdong Zhai, Fangtao Cai, Dong Wang, Yuanyuan Chen, Hongyan Liu, Fei Xiong, Mingdian Liu, Xinbin Duan (2026) Characteristics of fish community structure in the lower mainstream of the Lancang River and risk assessment of alien fish invasion. Biodiversity Science, 34, 25394. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2025394.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2025394

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2026/V34/I5/25394

图/表 12

图1 澜沧江下游干流鱼类采样点分布图

Fig. 1 Map of fish sampling sites in the lower mainstream of the Lancang River. MTX, Matai Town; DQ, Lancang River Bridge; NZD, Nuozhadu Town; SMG, Simaogang Town; JH, Jinghong City; NLH, Nanla River Estuary.

图2 澜沧江下游干流鱼类物种组成。 (a)澜沧江下游干流各目鱼类物种数占比; (b)澜沧江下游干流各科鱼类物种数占比; (c)澜沧江下游干流各目鱼类丰度占比; (d)澜沧江下游干流各科鱼类丰度占比。

Fig. 2 Fish species composition in the lower mainstream of the Lancang River. (a) Proportion of fish species number by order in the lower mainstream of the Lancang River; (b) Proportion of fish species number by family in the lower mainstream of the Lancang River; (c) Proportion of fish abundance by order in the lower mainstream of the Lancang River; (d) Proportion of fish abundance by family in the lower mainstream of the Lancang River.

表1 澜沧江下游干流鱼类优势种

Table 1 Dominant fish species in the lower mainstream of the Lancang River

名称 Name	优势种 Dominant species	丰水期优势种 Dominant species in the high-flow period	枯水期优势种 Dominant species in the low-flow period	不同采样点优势种 Dominant species in different sampling sites
名称 Name	优势种 Dominant species	丰水期优势种 Dominant species in the high-flow period	枯水期优势种 Dominant species in the low-flow period	马台乡 MTX	澜沧江大桥 DQ	糯扎渡 NZD	思茅港 SMG	景洪 JH	南腊河口 NLH
䱗 Hemiculter leucisculus*	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
花身副丽鱼 Parachromis managuensis*	+	+	+		+	+	+
齐氏罗非鱼 Coptodon zillii*	+	+	+		+		+
尼罗罗非鱼 Oreochromis niloticus*	+	+	+				+
鳙 Hypophthalmichthys nobilis*					+
高体鳑鲏 Rhodeus ocellatus*			+					+
马口鱼 Opsariichthys bidens								+
罗碧鱼 Paralaubuca barroni							+
真吻虾虎鱼 Rhinogobius similis*								+
棒花鱼 Abbottina rivularis*								+
黄颡鱼 Pelteobagrus fulvidraco*				+
长臀鲃 Mystacoleucus marginatus									+
红鳍原鲌 Cultrichthys erythropterus*					+
短吻鱼 Sikukia gudgeri									+
鲤 Cyprinus carpio*				+
云南吻孔鲃 Poropuntius huangchuchieni									+
中华鲱鲇 Clupisoma sinense									+

图3 澜沧江下游干流鱼类群落结构非度量多维尺度(NMDS)分析排序图。MTX: 马台乡; DQ: 澜沧江大桥; NZD: 糯扎渡; SMG: 思茅港; JH: 景洪; NLH: 南腊河口; MTX1: 马台乡2023年丰水期; MTX2: 马台乡2023年枯水期; MTX3: 马台乡2024年丰水期; MTX4: 马台乡2024年枯水期, 其他以此类推。

Fig. 3 Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) ordination diagram of fish community structure in the lower mainstream of the Lancang River. MTX, Matai Town; DQ, Lancang River Bridge; NZD, Nuozhadu Town; SMG, Simaogang Town; JH, Jinghong City; NLH, Nanla River Estuary. MTX1 represents the high-flow period of 2023 in MTX, MTX2 represents the low-flow period of 2023 in MTX, MTX3 represents the high-flow period of 2024 in MTX, and MTX4 represents the low-flow period of 2024 in MTX, the rest can be deduced by analogy.

表2 澜沧江下游各样点鱼类群落成对置换多元方差(PERMANOVA)分析结果。下三角为F值, 上三角为P值。

Table 2 Results of pairwise permutational multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA) on fish community structure among sampling sites in the lower mainstream of the Lancang River. The lower triangle represents F-values, the upper triangle represents P-values.

	马台乡 MTX	澜沧江大桥 DQ	糯扎渡 NZD	思茅港 SMG	景洪 JH	南腊河口 NLH
马台乡 MTX		0.127	0.151	0.031*	0.002*	0.029*
澜沧江大桥 DQ	2.372		0.428	0.028*	0.026*	0.024*
糯扎渡 NZD	1.731	0.816		0.030*	0.032*	0.033*
思茅港 SMG	3.859	5.606	4.922		0.030*	0.027*
景洪 JH	5.311	9.603	8.222	3.670		0.028*
南腊河口 NLH	6.462	8.411	6.553	5.628	6.634

表3 各样点之间的Bray-Curtis相异性指数(对角线下方)与河道距离(对角线上方, km)

Table 3 Pairwise Bray-Curtis dissimilarity (below the diagonal) and waterway distance (above the diagonal, km) among sampling sites

	马台乡 MTX	澜沧江大桥 DQ	糯扎渡 NZD	思茅港 SMG	景洪 JH	南腊河口 NLH
马台乡 MTX		30.5	156.3	184.4	266.9	363.2
澜沧江大桥 DQ	0.29		125.8	153.9	236.4	332.7
糯扎渡 NZD	0.46	0.33		28.1	110.6	206.9
思茅港 SMG	0.73	0.73	0.79		82.5	178.8
景洪 JH	0.80	0.82	0.92	0.73		96.3
南腊河口 NLH	0.97	0.96	0.98	0.95	0.91

图4 澜沧江下游干流各采样点不同生态类型鱼类种数占比箱型图。MTX: 马台乡; DQ: 澜沧江大桥; NZD: 糯扎渡; SMG: 思茅港; JH: 景洪; NLH: 南腊河口。不同字母(a, b, c)表示P < 0.05水平上差异显著。

Fig. 4 Box plots of the proportion of fish species in different ecological types at each sampling site in the lower mainstream of the Lancang River. MTX, Matai Town; DQ, Lancang River Bridge; NZD, Nuozhadu Town; SMG, Simaogang Town; JH, Jinghong City; NLH, Nanla River Estuary. Different letters (a, b, c) indicate significant differences among groups at P < 0.05.

图5 澜沧江下游干流外来鱼类渔获量

Fig. 5 Catch of alien fish species in the lower mainstream of the Lancang River

图6 澜沧江下游干流外来鱼类种类及数量占渔获物种类及数量比例的空间分布图。MTX: 马台乡; DQ: 澜沧江大桥; NZD: 糯扎渡; SMG: 思茅港; JH: 景洪; NLH: 南腊河口。不同字母(a, b, c)表示P < 0.05水平上差异显著。

Fig. 6 Spatial distribution map of the proportion of alien fish species and quantity to the species and quantity of catches in the lower mainstream of the Lancang River. MTX, Matai Town; DQ, Lancang River Bridge; NZD, Nuozhadu Town; SMG, Simaogang Town; JH, Jinghong City; NLH, Nanla River Estuary. Different letters (a, b, c) indicate significant differences among groups at P < 0.05.

图7 澜沧江下游干流不同采样点外来鱼类种类及数量占渔获物种类及数量比例的时序变化图。MTX: 马台乡; DQ: 澜沧江大桥; NZD: 糯扎渡; SMG: 思茅港; JH: 景洪; NLH: 南腊河口; HFP: 丰水期; LFP: 枯水期。

Fig. 7 Temporal variation diagram of the proportions of alien fish species and their quantities in the total catch (by species and quantity) at different sampling sites in the lower mainstream of the Lancang River. MTX, Matai Town; DQ, Lancang River Bridge; NZD, Nuozhadu Town; SMG, Simaogang Town; JH, Jinghong City; NLH, Nanla River Estuary; HFP, High-flow period; LFP, Low-flow period.

图8 澜沧江下游干流外来鱼类入侵风险评估受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线图。BRA为AS-ISK基础风险评估模块(basic risk assessment, BRA)得分, CCA为AS-ISK气候变化评估模块(climate change assessment, CCA)得分, AUC为ROC曲线下面积。

Fig. 8 Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for invasive fish risk assessment in the lower mainstream of the Lancang River. BRA is basic risk assessment (BRA) score of AS-ISK; CCA is climate change assessment (CCA) score of AS-ISK; AUC is area under the ROC curve.

表4 澜沧江下游干流外来鱼类入侵风险评估结果

Table 4 Results of the risk assessment for alien fish invasion in the lower mainstream of the Lancang River

物种 Species	评估结果 Assessment results				置信因子 Confidence factor
物种 Species	BRA得分 BRA score	入侵风险 Invasion risk	BRA + CCA 得分 BRA + CCA score	入侵风险 Invasion risk	BRA	CCA	BRA + CCA
齐氏罗非鱼 Coptodon zillii*	39	高风险 High risk	40.5	高风险 High risk	0.83	0.64	0.76
尼罗罗非鱼 Oreochromis niloticus*	37.5	高风险 High risk	38	高风险 High risk	0.85	0.63	0.77
花身副丽鱼 Parachromis managuensis*	37	高风险 High risk	35	高风险 High risk	0.78	0.62	0.74
下口鲇 Hypostomus plecostomus*	35	高风险 High risk	37	高风险 High risk	0.86	0.68	0.8
莫桑比克罗非鱼 Oreochromis mossambicus*	32	高风险 High risk	30	高风险 High risk	0.81	0.62	0.75
䱗 Hemiculter leucisculus*	25	高风险 High risk	24	高风险 High risk	0.88	0.61	0.74
麦穗鱼 Pseudorasbora parva*	25	高风险 High risk	22	中风险 Medium risk	0.75	0.57	0.68
麦瑞加拉鲮 Cirrhinus mrigala*	23	高风险 High risk	19	中风险 Medium risk	0.77	0.68	0.71
真吻虾虎鱼 Rhinogobius similis	22	中风险 Medium risk	22	中风险 Medium risk	0.76	0.64	0.72
条纹鲮脂鲤 Prochilodus lineatus*	21	中风险 Medium risk	20	中风险 Medium risk	0.79	0.68	0.72
云斑尖塘鳢 Oxyeleotris marmorata	21	中风险 Medium risk	19	中风险 Medium risk	0.69	0.62	0.63
短盖肥脂鲤 Piaractus brachypomus*	19	中风险 Medium risk	19	中风险 Medium risk	0.73	0.64	0.68
鲤 Cyprinus carpio*	18	中风险 Medium risk	19	中风险 Medium risk	0.82	0.64	0.75
草鱼 Ctenopharyngodon idella*	18	中风险 Medium risk	16	中风险 Medium risk	0.79	0.61	0.65
黄颡鱼 Pelteobagrus fulvidraco	18	中风险 Medium risk	17	中风险 Medium risk	0.81	0.64	0.73
大鳞副泥鳅 Paramisgurnus dabryanus	18	中风险 Medium risk	16	中风险 Medium risk	0.78	0.64	0.76
棒花鱼 Abbottina rivularis	17	中风险 Medium risk	20	中风险 Medium risk	0.73	0.64	0.65
鲢 Hypophthalmichthys molitrix*	17	中风险 Medium risk	18	中风险 Medium risk	0.84	0.67	0.78
褐吻虾虎鱼 Rhinogobius brunneus	17	中风险 Medium risk	18	中风险 Medium risk	0.72	0.59	0.64
鳙 Hypophthalmichthys nobilis*	16	中风险 Medium risk	16	中风险 Medium risk	0.83	0.68	0.76
瓦氏黄颡鱼 Pelteobagrus vachelli	16	中风险 Medium risk	17	中风险 Medium risk	0.73	0.62	0.66
红鳍原鲌 Cultrichthys erythropterus	16	中风险 Medium risk	14	中风险 Medium risk	0.71	0.62	0.64
高体鳑鲏 Rhodeus ocellatus	16	中风险 Medium risk	19	中风险 Medium risk	0.76	0.67	0.72
低眼无齿𩷶Pangasianodon hypophthalmus	15	中风险 Medium risk	16	中风险 Medium risk	0.71	0.62	0.66
光泽黄颡鱼 Pelteobagrus nitidus	14	中风险 Medium risk	12	中风险 Medium risk	0.72	0.6	0.65

表4 澜沧江下游干流外来鱼类入侵风险评估结果

Table 4 Results of the risk assessment for alien fish invasion in the lower mainstream of the Lancang River

物种 Species	评估结果 Assessment results				置信因子 Confidence factor
物种 Species	BRA得分 BRA score	入侵风险 Invasion risk	BRA + CCA 得分 BRA + CCA score	入侵风险 Invasion risk	BRA	CCA	BRA + CCA
齐氏罗非鱼 Coptodon zillii*	39	高风险 High risk	40.5	高风险 High risk	0.83	0.64	0.76
尼罗罗非鱼 Oreochromis niloticus*	37.5	高风险 High risk	38	高风险 High risk	0.85	0.63	0.77
花身副丽鱼 Parachromis managuensis*	37	高风险 High risk	35	高风险 High risk	0.78	0.62	0.74
下口鲇 Hypostomus plecostomus*	35	高风险 High risk	37	高风险 High risk	0.86	0.68	0.8
莫桑比克罗非鱼 Oreochromis mossambicus*	32	高风险 High risk	30	高风险 High risk	0.81	0.62	0.75
䱗 Hemiculter leucisculus*	25	高风险 High risk	24	高风险 High risk	0.88	0.61	0.74
麦穗鱼 Pseudorasbora parva*	25	高风险 High risk	22	中风险 Medium risk	0.75	0.57	0.68
麦瑞加拉鲮 Cirrhinus mrigala*	23	高风险 High risk	19	中风险 Medium risk	0.77	0.68	0.71
真吻虾虎鱼 Rhinogobius similis	22	中风险 Medium risk	22	中风险 Medium risk	0.76	0.64	0.72
条纹鲮脂鲤 Prochilodus lineatus*	21	中风险 Medium risk	20	中风险 Medium risk	0.79	0.68	0.72
云斑尖塘鳢 Oxyeleotris marmorata	21	中风险 Medium risk	19	中风险 Medium risk	0.69	0.62	0.63
短盖肥脂鲤 Piaractus brachypomus*	19	中风险 Medium risk	19	中风险 Medium risk	0.73	0.64	0.68
鲤 Cyprinus carpio*	18	中风险 Medium risk	19	中风险 Medium risk	0.82	0.64	0.75
草鱼 Ctenopharyngodon idella*	18	中风险 Medium risk	16	中风险 Medium risk	0.79	0.61	0.65
黄颡鱼 Pelteobagrus fulvidraco	18	中风险 Medium risk	17	中风险 Medium risk	0.81	0.64	0.73
大鳞副泥鳅 Paramisgurnus dabryanus	18	中风险 Medium risk	16	中风险 Medium risk	0.78	0.64	0.76
棒花鱼 Abbottina rivularis	17	中风险 Medium risk	20	中风险 Medium risk	0.73	0.64	0.65
鲢 Hypophthalmichthys molitrix*	17	中风险 Medium risk	18	中风险 Medium risk	0.84	0.67	0.78
褐吻虾虎鱼 Rhinogobius brunneus	17	中风险 Medium risk	18	中风险 Medium risk	0.72	0.59	0.64
鳙 Hypophthalmichthys nobilis*	16	中风险 Medium risk	16	中风险 Medium risk	0.83	0.68	0.76
瓦氏黄颡鱼 Pelteobagrus vachelli	16	中风险 Medium risk	17	中风险 Medium risk	0.73	0.62	0.66
红鳍原鲌 Cultrichthys erythropterus	16	中风险 Medium risk	14	中风险 Medium risk	0.71	0.62	0.64
高体鳑鲏 Rhodeus ocellatus	16	中风险 Medium risk	19	中风险 Medium risk	0.76	0.67	0.72
低眼无齿𩷶Pangasianodon hypophthalmus	15	中风险 Medium risk	16	中风险 Medium risk	0.71	0.62	0.66
光泽黄颡鱼 Pelteobagrus nitidus	14	中风险 Medium risk	12	中风险 Medium risk	0.72	0.6	0.65

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澜沧江下游干流鱼类群落结构特征及外来鱼类入侵风险评估

Characteristics of fish community structure in the lower mainstream of the Lancang River and risk assessment of alien fish invasion

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