浙江象山港蟹类(十足目: 短尾下目)物种多样性

doi:10.17520/biods.2024461

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

蟹类是甲壳动物中最大的一个分支, 在海洋生态系统中发挥着不可或缺的作用。象山港是浙江省重要的渔业水域, 湾内对于蟹类的报道很多, 但目前并无系统的分类学研究。本文基于2018-2024年在象山港的长期调查研究资料, 全面梳理了象山港内蟹类的物种多样性。共采集到螃蟹64种, 隶属于22科47属, 有7种为浙江省新记录, 即三河佘氏蟹(Ser mikawaensis)、细根足蟹(Rhizopa gracilipes)、异常沈氏蟹(Shenius anomalus)、日本拟绵蟹(Paradromia japonica)、真壮海神蟹(Benthopanope eucratoides)、三齿背蟹(Trissoplax dentate)和拉氏韦大眼蟹(Venitus latreillii), 其中三河佘氏蟹为我国新记录; 细根足蟹和异常沈氏蟹为我国东海新记录。本文对浙江省新记录螃蟹的鉴别特征进行了描述与图示, 以期为象山港蟹类的多样性保护及蟹类的分类鉴定提供基础资料。

关键词: 象山港, 三河佘氏蟹, 细根足蟹, 异常沈氏蟹, 新记录种

Abstract

Aims:Xiangshan Bay is a significant fishery area in Zhejiang Province, characterized by abundant marine biodiversity. While previous studies have listed crabs (Decapoda: Branchyura) from this area, their findings often remain inconclusive, as they primarily focus on variation in macrobenthic and fishery community structure or responses to human activities. However, there is limited understanding of the species diversity and diagnostic characteristic of some rare crab species in Xiangshan Bay. Based on an extensive, long-period survey, this study aims to provide a comprehensive and scientific checklist of crabs from Xiangshan Bay.

Methods:The study involved investigations at 40 subtidal and 10 intertidal stations, covering almost the entire Xiangshan Bay. Of these stations, 10 subtidal and 3 intertidal stations focusing on macrobenthos were surveyed in May and November (2018-2021 and 2023). Additionally, surveys targeting macrobenthos and fishery resources were conducted in November (2022-2023) and February, May, and August (2023-2024). All crabs were separated from specimens and identified using the latest taxonomic literature.

Results:A total of 64 crab species, classified into 47 genera and 22 families, were identified. Among these, seven species were previously undocumented in Zhejiang Province: Ser mikawaensis, Rhizopa gracilipes, Shenius anomalus, Paradromia japonica, Benthopanope eucratoides, Trissoplax dentate, and Venitus latreillii. S. mikawaensis is a new record for Chinese waters, while R. gracilipes and S. anomalusare new record species for the East China sea. The diagnostic characteristics of these newly recorded species were described and illustrated.

Conclusion:This study reports significantly more crab species in Xiangshan Bay compared to previous research. It provides the first systematic checklist of crabs in the region, alongside detailed descriptions of the newly recorded species. These findings provide valuable reference material for conserving crab diversity and improving the taxonomic identification of crabs in Xiangshan Bay.

Key words: Xiangshan Bay, Ser mikawaensis, Rhizopa gracilipes, Shenius anomalus, newly recorded species

田伟, 陈佳杰, 陈渊戈, 徐清, 周进 (2025) 浙江象山港蟹类(十足目: 短尾下目)物种多样性. 生物多样性, 33, 24461. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2024461.

Tian Wei, Chen Jiajie, Chen Yuange, Xu Qing, Zhou Jin (2025) Species diversity of crabs (Decapoda: Branchyura) of Xiangshan Bay, Zhejiang Province. Biodiversity Science, 33, 24461. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2024461.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2024461

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2025/V33/I4/24461

图/表 2

图1 浙江象山港2018-2024年蟹类采样站位图

Fig. 1 Map of crabs sampling stations in Xiangshan Bay, Zhejiang (2018-2024)

图2 象山港新记录及易误鉴螃蟹物种。(a)三河佘氏蟹(11.2 mm × 7.7 mm); (b)三河佘氏蟹(8.3 mm × 5.9 mm); (c)细根足蟹; (d)异常沈氏蟹; (e)日本拟绵蟹; (f)真壮海神蟹; (g)平行拟盲蟹; (h)三齿背蟹; (i)拉氏韦大眼蟹; (j)近亲蟳。比例尺均为10 mm。

Fig. 2 New records and commonly misidentified crabs in Xiangshan Bay. (a) Ser mikawaensis (11.2 mm × 7.7 mm); (b) Ser mikawaensis (8.3 mm × 5.9 mm); (c) Rhizopa gracilipes; (d) Shenius anomalus; (e) Paradromia japonica; (f) Benthopanope eucratoides; (g) Arges parallelus; (h) Trissoplax dentate; (i) Venitus latreillii; (j) Charybdis (Charybdis) affinis. Scale bar = 10 mm.

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