渤海区无居民海岛植物物种丰富度分布格局

doi:10.17520/biods.2021231

生物多样性 ›› 2022, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (4): 21231. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2021231

• 研究报告: 植物多样性 • 下一篇

渤海区无居民海岛植物物种丰富度分布格局

肖兰¹^,², 董标², 张琳婷², 邓传远⁴, 李霞², 刘建辉³^,^*(), 吴端聪⁴

1.福建省海洋生态保护与修复重点实验室, 福建厦门 361000
2.自然资源部海岛研究中心, 福建平潭 350400
3.自然资源部第三海洋研究所, 福建厦门 361000
4.福建农林大学艺术学院园林学院(合署), 福州 350000

收稿日期:2021-06-03 接受日期:2021-12-14 出版日期:2022-04-20 发布日期:2022-04-20
通讯作者: 刘建辉
作者简介:*E-mail: liujianhuiirc@126.com
基金资助:
福建省科技计划(2018Y0060);福建省海洋生态保护与修复重点实验室(EPR2020008);福建省科技计划项目(2018Y3006)

Distribution pattern of plant species richness of uninhabited islands in the Bohai Sea area

Lan Xiao¹^,², Biao Dong², Linting Zhang², Chuanyuan Deng⁴, Xia Li², Jianhui Liu³^,^*(), Duancong Wu⁴

1 Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Xiamen, Fujian 361000
2 Island Research Center, Ministry of Natural Resources, Pingtan, Fujian 350400
3 Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, Fujian 361000
4 College of Arts College of Landscape Architecture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350000

Received:2021-06-03 Accepted:2021-12-14 Online:2022-04-20 Published:2022-04-20
Contact: Jianhui Liu

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了解渤海区小型无居民海岛植物物种丰富度的分布格局, 本研究以渤海区9个无居民海岛为研究对象, 基于种-面积关系和种-多度对数正态分布模型探究了无居民海岛植物的物种丰富度分布格局。结果表明: (1)位于温带地区的无居民海岛木本植物相对多度符合对数正态分布特征, 表明海岛木本植物群落中多度较大的物种数较少, 而多度较小的物种甚至是稀有种或罕见种较多; (2)渤海区多数无居民海岛物种数介于60-130之间, 表明总体丰富度较高; (3)通过分析海岛与周边保护区的空间关系发现, 物种丰富度高的海岛基本位于保护区内, 总体上渤海区海岛植物热点区得到了有效保护。综上所述, 种-多度分布模型和种-面积关系均是揭示海岛植物物种丰富度分布的重要手段, 同时可初步推断, 生态位理论对海岛植物物种多样性的维持显得更为重要。

关键词: 渤海区, 对数正态分布模型, 无居民海岛, 丰富度, 种-面积关系

Abstract

Aim: Our purpose is to investigate the distribution pattern and its characteristics of plant species richness in uninhabited isles in the Bohai Sea area.

Methods: We collected quadrat and precipitation data from nine uninhabited isles. Combining species-area relationship and the species-abundance model (logarithmic normal distribution model), we explored the distribution pattern of plant species richness in uninhabited isles.

Results: Our results revealed that: (1) The relative abundance distribution of woody plants on uninhabited isles located in temperate regions displayed the logarithmic normal distribution characteristics. Common species with a larger number of individuals of woody plant communities were less numerous, while rare species with smaller individuals were more common. (2) The number of species on most uninhabited isles was between 60 and 130 in the Bohai Sea, that showed relatively high species richness. (3) Combined with the geographic location analysis of the isles, it was found that the isles with high species richness were largely located in the reserve, suggesting that plant hotspots in the Bohai Sea area were effectively protected.

Conclusion: Both the species abundance distribution model and the species-area relationship model are important tools to reveal the species richness distribution on isles. Our results suggest that the ecological niche theory is more important for maintaining the process of species diversity on the Bohai Sea area.

Key words: Bohai Sea area, logarithmic normal distribution model, uninhabited isle, species richness, species-area relationship

肖兰, 董标, 张琳婷, 邓传远, 李霞, 刘建辉, 吴端聪 (2022) 渤海区无居民海岛植物物种丰富度分布格局. 生物多样性, 30, 21231. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2021231.

Lan Xiao, Biao Dong, Linting Zhang, Chuanyuan Deng, Xia Li, Jianhui Liu, Duancong Wu (2022) Distribution pattern of plant species richness of uninhabited islands in the Bohai Sea area. Biodiversity Science, 30, 21231. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2021231.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2021231

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2022/V30/I4/21231

图/表 7

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岛屿名称 Island name	所属省 Province	物质组成 Properties	面积 Area (ha)	距大陆距离 Distance to the mainland (km)	距大陆距离或距最近海岛距离 Distance to the mainland or nearest island (m)	生活型组成 Life form	植被覆盖率 Vegetation cover	样方数量 No. of investigation plots	丰富度 Richness
情人岛 Qingrendao	辽宁 Liaoning	基岩岛 Bedrock island	6.15	0.56	3,802	乔木、灌木、草本 Tree, shrub, and herb	82.22%	10	81
金州南坨子 Jinzhounantuozi	辽宁 Liaoning	基岩岛 Bedrock island	11.55	0.66	2,155	灌木、草本 Shrub, and herb	98.82%	11	104
鹿鸣岛 Lumingdao	辽宁 Liaoning	基岩岛 Bedrock island	75.6	0.89	596	乔木、灌木、草本 Tree, shrub, and herb	95.54%	7	108
双岛 Shuangdao	辽宁 Liaoning	基岩岛 Bedrock island	14.66	0.65	6	乔木、灌木、草本 Tree, shrub, and herb	97.47%	10	106
羊砣子岛 Yangtuozidao	山东 Shandong	基岩岛 Bedrock island	10.42	13.58	155	乔木、灌木、草本 Tree, shrub, and herb	79.25%	3	107
南砣子岛 Nantuozidao	山东 Shandong	基岩岛 Bedrock island	14.67	15	455	乔木、灌木、草本 Tree, shrub, and herb	75.64%	3	107
鱼鳞岛 Yulindao	山东 Shandong	基岩岛 Bedrock island	1.24	14.44	455	灌木、草本 Shrub, and herb	39.52%	3	67
广利岛Guanglidao	山东 Shandong	沙泥岛 Sandy island	12.67	0.1	1,000	灌木、草本 Shrub, and herb	68.85%	1	32
东蚂蚁岛Dongmayidao	辽宁 Liaoning	基岩岛 Bedrock island	87.2	7.53	22	乔木、灌木、草本 Tree, shrub, and herb	91.38%	16	127

岛屿名称 Island name	所属省 Province	物质组成 Properties	面积 Area (ha)	距大陆距离 Distance to the mainland (km)	距大陆距离或距最近海岛距离 Distance to the mainland or nearest island (m)	生活型组成 Life form	植被覆盖率 Vegetation cover	样方数量 No. of investigation plots	丰富度 Richness
情人岛 Qingrendao	辽宁 Liaoning	基岩岛 Bedrock island	6.15	0.56	3,802	乔木、灌木、草本 Tree, shrub, and herb	82.22%	10	81
金州南坨子 Jinzhounantuozi	辽宁 Liaoning	基岩岛 Bedrock island	11.55	0.66	2,155	灌木、草本 Shrub, and herb	98.82%	11	104
鹿鸣岛 Lumingdao	辽宁 Liaoning	基岩岛 Bedrock island	75.6	0.89	596	乔木、灌木、草本 Tree, shrub, and herb	95.54%	7	108
双岛 Shuangdao	辽宁 Liaoning	基岩岛 Bedrock island	14.66	0.65	6	乔木、灌木、草本 Tree, shrub, and herb	97.47%	10	106
羊砣子岛 Yangtuozidao	山东 Shandong	基岩岛 Bedrock island	10.42	13.58	155	乔木、灌木、草本 Tree, shrub, and herb	79.25%	3	107
南砣子岛 Nantuozidao	山东 Shandong	基岩岛 Bedrock island	14.67	15	455	乔木、灌木、草本 Tree, shrub, and herb	75.64%	3	107
鱼鳞岛 Yulindao	山东 Shandong	基岩岛 Bedrock island	1.24	14.44	455	灌木、草本 Shrub, and herb	39.52%	3	67
广利岛Guanglidao	山东 Shandong	沙泥岛 Sandy island	12.67	0.1	1,000	灌木、草本 Shrub, and herb	68.85%	1	32
东蚂蚁岛Dongmayidao	辽宁 Liaoning	基岩岛 Bedrock island	87.2	7.53	22	乔木、灌木、草本 Tree, shrub, and herb	91.38%	16	127

东蚂蚁岛木本植物 Woody plants in Dongmayidao							9个海岛木本植物 Woody plants in 9 islands
倍频程 Class			参数估计 Parameter estimation		遗传估计 Genetic algorithm		倍频程 Class			参数估计 Parameter estimation		遗传估计 Genetic algorithm
		a	0.1800		0.1882				a	0.1600		0.1612
		S₀	3.7000		3.4367				S₀	6.3000		5.7879
	R	观测S(R) Observed	期望S(R) Expected	χ²	期望S(R) Expected	χ²		R	观测S(R) Observed	期望S(R) Expected	χ²	期望S(R) Expected	χ²
1	-6	2	1.15	0.62	0.96	1.13	1	-6	3	2.51	0.10	2.27	0.23
2	-5	0	1.65	1.65	1.42	1.42	2	-5	2.5	3.32	0.20	3.02	0.09
3	-4	1	2.20	0.66	1.95	0.46	3	-4	4.5	4.18	0.02	3.82	0.12
4	-3	0	2.76	2.76	2.50	2.50	4	-3	2	5.00	1.80	4.58	1.45
5	-2	3	3.25	0.02	2.98	0.00	5	-2	3.5	5.69	0.84	5.22	0.56
6	-1	3	3.58	0.09	3.32	0.03	6	-1	2	6.14	2.79	5.64	2.35
7	0	7	3.70	2.94	3.44	3.69	7	0	10.5	6.30	2.80	5.79	3.84
8	1	1	3.58	1.86	3.32	1.62	8	1	3.5	6.14	1.14	5.64	0.81
9	2	0	3.25	3.25	2.98	2.98	9	2	5.5	5.69	0.01	5.22	0.02
10	3	1	2.76	1.13	2.50	0.90	10	3	4	5.00	0.20	4.58	0.07
∑		18		14.98		14.73	∑		41		9.90		9.54
预测理论值 Expected value			37	/	33	/	预测理论值 Expected value			70	/	64	/

东蚂蚁岛木本植物 Woody plants in Dongmayidao							9个海岛木本植物 Woody plants in 9 islands
倍频程 Class			参数估计 Parameter estimation		遗传估计 Genetic algorithm		倍频程 Class			参数估计 Parameter estimation		遗传估计 Genetic algorithm
		a	0.1800		0.1882				a	0.1600		0.1612
		S₀	3.7000		3.4367				S₀	6.3000		5.7879
	R	观测S(R) Observed	期望S(R) Expected	χ²	期望S(R) Expected	χ²		R	观测S(R) Observed	期望S(R) Expected	χ²	期望S(R) Expected	χ²
1	-6	2	1.15	0.62	0.96	1.13	1	-6	3	2.51	0.10	2.27	0.23
2	-5	0	1.65	1.65	1.42	1.42	2	-5	2.5	3.32	0.20	3.02	0.09
3	-4	1	2.20	0.66	1.95	0.46	3	-4	4.5	4.18	0.02	3.82	0.12
4	-3	0	2.76	2.76	2.50	2.50	4	-3	2	5.00	1.80	4.58	1.45
5	-2	3	3.25	0.02	2.98	0.00	5	-2	3.5	5.69	0.84	5.22	0.56
6	-1	3	3.58	0.09	3.32	0.03	6	-1	2	6.14	2.79	5.64	2.35
7	0	7	3.70	2.94	3.44	3.69	7	0	10.5	6.30	2.80	5.79	3.84
8	1	1	3.58	1.86	3.32	1.62	8	1	3.5	6.14	1.14	5.64	0.81
9	2	0	3.25	3.25	2.98	2.98	9	2	5.5	5.69	0.01	5.22	0.02
10	3	1	2.76	1.13	2.50	0.90	10	3	4	5.00	0.20	4.58	0.07
∑		18		14.98		14.73	∑		41		9.90		9.54
预测理论值 Expected value			37	/	33	/	预测理论值 Expected value			70	/	64	/

岛屿名称 Island name	干扰类型及干扰程度 Interference type and degree	开发强度 Exploitative intensity	调查物种数 No. of species surveyed	预测物种数 No. of species estimated	误差 Error
情人岛 Qingrendao	人类活动/弱 Human activities/Light	6.0%	81	86	6.17%
金州南坨子 Jinzhounantuozi	近无干扰 Near non-interfering	0.6%	104	105	0.96%
鹿鸣岛 Lumingdao	人类活动/中 Human activities/Moderate	2.6%	108	143	32.41%
双岛 Shuangdao	人类活动/弱 Human activities/Light	1.4%	106	108	1.89%
羊砣子岛 Yangtuozidao	近无干扰 Near non-interfering	1.8%	107	100	-6.54%
南砣子岛 Nantuozidao	近无干扰 Near non-interfering	4.6%	107	105	-1.87%
鱼鳞岛 Yulindao	放牧/弱 Graze/Light	1.3%	67	45	-32.84%
广利岛 Guanglidao	人类活动/强 Human activities/Strong	19.4%	32	56	75.00%
东蚂蚁岛 Dongmayidao	人类活动/弱 Human activities/Light	0.02%	127	144	13.39%

渤海区无居民海岛植物物种丰富度分布格局

Distribution pattern of plant species richness of uninhabited islands in the Bohai Sea area

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