生物多样性 ›› 2022, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (12): 22257.  DOI: 10.17520/biods.2022257

所属专题: 土壤生物与土壤健康

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

蚯蚓基因组学的研究进展: 基于全基因组及线粒体基因组

翟俊杰1,2, 赵慧峰3, 商光申1,2, 孙振钧1, 张玉峰3,*(), 王兴1,2,*()   

  1. 1.中国农业大学资源与环境学院, 北京 100193
    2.生物多样性与有机农业北京市重点实验室, 北京 100193
    3.廊坊师范学院河北省动物多样性重点实验室, 河北廊坊 065000
  • 收稿日期:2022-05-11 接受日期:2022-10-01 出版日期:2022-12-20 发布日期:2022-12-07
  • 通讯作者: *E-mail: qqzyf123@126.com; swwangxing@cau.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(41371305);国家自然科学基金(31172091)

Advances in earthworm genomics: Based on whole genome and mitochondrial genome

Junjie Zhai1,2, Huifeng Zhao3, Guangshen Shang1,2, Zhenjun Sun1, Yufeng Zhang3,*(), Xing Wang1,2,*()   

  1. 1. College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193
    2. Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, Beijing 100193
    3. Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Diversity, Langfang Normal University, Langfang, Hebei 065000
  • Received:2022-05-11 Accepted:2022-10-01 Online:2022-12-20 Published:2022-12-07
  • Contact: *E-mail: qqzyf123@126.com; swwangxing@cau.edu.cn

摘要:

蚯蚓被喻为土壤中的“生态系统工程师”, 具有高度的多样性且在全世界都有分布, 被用作土壤健康的指示生物。蚯蚓具有极强的环境适应能力, 在不断适应的过程中促进了自身基因组的进化。本文对近年来蚯蚓全基因组以及线粒体基因组的研究进展进行了综述。蚯蚓全基因组的测序、拼装和分析为研究蚯蚓生态学、污染物对蚯蚓致毒的分子机制、免疫防御的分子机制、蚯蚓再生的分子机制等奠定基础。而线粒体基因组多应用于蚯蚓分子系统发育方面的研究, 目前已有多种蚯蚓通过线粒体基因组测序完成了物种的鉴定。本文建议今后重点开展以下几方面的研究: (1)针对现有的4种蚯蚓全基因组测序结果, 进一步进行比较基因组学、进化基因组学和功能基因组学的研究。(2)完善不同种蚯蚓的基因文库和表达序列标签。(3)建立线粒体基因组、全基因组与蚯蚓物种多样性的关联分析。

关键词: 蚯蚓, 基因组学, 全基因组, 线粒体基因组, 蚯蚓多样性

Abstract

Background & Aims: Earthworms, which are known as the ecosystem engineers of the soil, are highly diverse and distributed worldwide. They are used as indicators of soil health. They are highly adaptable to their environment, and their genomes have evolved through the process of adaptation. In this paper, recent research progress of the whole genome and mitochondrial genome of the earthworms are reviewed.
Progresses: The sequencing, assembly and analysis of earthworm genome lay a foundation for the study of earthworm ecology, molecular toxicity mechanism of pollutants to earthworm, molecular mechanism of immune defense, earthworm regeneration and so on. The mitochondrial genome is mostly used in the study of molecular phylogeny of earthworms. Currently, various types of earthworm species have been identified based on mitochondrial genome sequencing.
Prospects: This paper highlights the following aspects of research that should be focused in future studies: (1) Carry out the studies on comparative genomics, evolutionary genomics and functional genomics using the existing whole genome sequencing results of the four species earthworms; (2) Improve the gene libraries and expressed sequence tags of different species of earthworms; (3) Strengthen the association analysis between mitochondrial genome and whole genome with the species diversity of earthworm.

Key words: earthworm, genomics, whole genome, mitochondrial genome, earthworm diversity