生物多样性 ›› 2021, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (5): 661-667. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2020336
郑进凤1, 唐蓉1, 贺霜1, 陈月红1, 伍素1, 张凯1, 徐雨1,*(), 邹晓2
收稿日期:
2020-08-20
接受日期:
2020-12-27
出版日期:
2021-05-20
发布日期:
2021-02-16
通讯作者:
徐雨
作者简介:
* E-mail: xuyu608@gznu.edu.cn基金资助:
Jinfeng Zheng1, Rong Tang1, Shuang He1, Yuehong Chen1, Su Wu1, Kai Zhang1, Yu Xu1,*(), Xiao Zou2
Received:
2020-08-20
Accepted:
2020-12-27
Online:
2021-05-20
Published:
2021-02-16
Contact:
Yu Xu
摘要:
为揭示城镇化进程中生境破碎化对鸟类多样性及分布格局的影响, 本研究于2017-2019年每年的4-8月使用样线法对贵州花溪大学城26块破碎化林地(面积介于0.3-290.4 ha)中的鸟类群落进行了10次调查。共记录到鸟类78种, 隶属于11目37科。其中, 东洋界物种数占56.4%, 古北界物种数占32.1%, 广布种占11.5%; 有中国特有种1种。剔除高空飞行、非森林鸟类及偶然出现物种后, 不同斑块中的鸟类物种数介于12-55之间, 平均每个斑块有23.2 ± 10.5种。线性回归分析显示, 鸟类物种丰富度与林地斑块的面积有显著相关性, 斑块面积越小, 鸟类物种丰富度越低; 斑块隔离度对物种丰富度没有显著影响。基于物种多度分布矩阵的WNODF (weighted nestedness metric based on overlap and decreasing fill)嵌套分析显示, 不同斑块中鸟类群落呈现出反嵌套结构。小斑块中鸟类物种丰富度较低可能与植物丰富度较低、食物资源稀缺和繁育条件不足有关, 但短距离的隔离对鸟类迁入或扩散影响有限。环境过滤效应、种间竞争或优先效应可能导致不同斑块间存在较大的物种组成差异, 从而导致反嵌套格局。因此, 本研究建议在城市规划建设中应注重维持栖息地的完整性, 对不同面积大小的破碎化斑块都应加以保护。
郑进凤, 唐蓉, 贺霜, 陈月红, 伍素, 张凯, 徐雨, 邹晓 (2021) 贵州花溪大学城破碎化林地鸟类多样性与嵌套分布格局. 生物多样性, 29, 661-667. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2020336.
Jinfeng Zheng, Rong Tang, Shuang He, Yuehong Chen, Su Wu, Kai Zhang, Yu Xu, Xiao Zou (2021) Bird diversity and nestedness on fragmented woodlots in Huaxi University Town, Guizhou Province. Biodiversity Science, 29, 661-667. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2020336.
图1 贵州花溪大学城的位置及Google卫星影像下26个破碎化林地斑块的分布
Fig. 1 Google map imagery showing location of the study site and distribution of 26 fragmented woodlots in Huaxi University Town, Guizhou Province
图2 贵州花溪大学城26个破碎化林地中鸟类物种丰富度(10为底对数转换)与林地斑块面积(10为底对数转换; 单位: ha)和距最近斑块距离(10为底对数转换; 单位: m)的线性回归偏残差图。黑线表示拟合值, 灰色区域表示95%置信区间。
Fig. 2 Partial residuals showing the effect of woodlot area (Lg transformed, unit: ha) and distance to the nearest woodlot (Lg transformed, unit: m) on species richness (Lg transformed) of birds recorded on 26 fragmented woodlots in Huaxi University Town, Guizhou Province, according to the linear regression analyses. The black lines are model fits, and the grey bands represent 95% confidence intervals.
嵌套度量化 Nestedness metric | 观测值 Observed | 期望值 Expected | 标准差 SD | Z | P |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
零模型 Null model: rc | |||||
WNODF | 45.92 | 51.36 | 1.25 | -4.36 | <0.001 |
WNODFc | 46.98 | 48.00 | 1.68 | -0.61 | 0.272 |
WNODFr | 45.71 | 52.05 | 1.31 | -4.83 | <0.001 |
零模型 Null model: aa | |||||
WNODF | 45.92 | 51.75 | 1.57 | -3.71 | <0.001 |
WNODFc | 46.98 | 49.61 | 1.63 | -1.62 | 0.053 |
WNODFr | 45.71 | 52.2 | 1.78 | -3.65 | <0.001 |
零模型 Null model: ss | |||||
WNODF | 45.92 | 53.37 | 5.50 | -1.36 | 0.088 |
WNODFc | 46.98 | 50.31 | 3.78 | -0.88 | 0.189 |
WNODFr | 45.71 | 54.01 | 5.90 | -1.41 | 0.080 |
表1 贵州花溪大学城26个破碎化林地中鸟类物种多度矩阵的嵌套格局分析结果
Table 1 Results of nestedness analyses for species-by-sites abundance matrix of birds recorded on 26 fragmented woodlots in Huaxi University Town, Guizhou Province
嵌套度量化 Nestedness metric | 观测值 Observed | 期望值 Expected | 标准差 SD | Z | P |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
零模型 Null model: rc | |||||
WNODF | 45.92 | 51.36 | 1.25 | -4.36 | <0.001 |
WNODFc | 46.98 | 48.00 | 1.68 | -0.61 | 0.272 |
WNODFr | 45.71 | 52.05 | 1.31 | -4.83 | <0.001 |
零模型 Null model: aa | |||||
WNODF | 45.92 | 51.75 | 1.57 | -3.71 | <0.001 |
WNODFc | 46.98 | 49.61 | 1.63 | -1.62 | 0.053 |
WNODFr | 45.71 | 52.2 | 1.78 | -3.65 | <0.001 |
零模型 Null model: ss | |||||
WNODF | 45.92 | 53.37 | 5.50 | -1.36 | 0.088 |
WNODFc | 46.98 | 50.31 | 3.78 | -0.88 | 0.189 |
WNODFr | 45.71 | 54.01 | 5.90 | -1.41 | 0.080 |
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