生物多样性 ›› 2019, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (1): 81-87. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2018156
所属专题: 钱江源国家公园生物多样性保护与管理
收稿日期:
2018-06-03
接受日期:
2018-11-30
出版日期:
2019-01-20
发布日期:
2019-01-31
通讯作者:
魏玉莲
基金资助:
Li Tong1,2,Li Junning1,2,Wei Yulian1,*()
Received:
2018-06-03
Accepted:
2018-11-30
Online:
2019-01-20
Published:
2019-01-31
Contact:
Wei Yulian
摘要:
木腐真菌是微生物的一个重要类群, 主要以倒木为生长基质, 通过产生各种水解酶将倒木的纤维素、木质素和半纤维素分解为小分子物质, 对促进森林生态系统中的营养物质循环发挥着重要的生态功能。于2016年8月在浙江古田山国家级自然保护区开展的木腐真菌野外调查, 利用形态学和DNA序列分析对采集的标本进行了物种鉴定, 并分析了木腐真菌的物种组成和地理成分。在采集的158份标本中鉴定木腐真菌45属92种, 其中白腐真菌78种, 褐腐真菌14种。古田山的木腐真菌物种区系组成中, 热带-亚热带成分比例最高。在158份木腐真菌标本中, 97份标本采自直径大于10 cm的倒木或树桩上, 分属于76个种, 是木腐真菌生长的主要基质大小类型; 48份标本采自直径为2-10 cm的枝干上, 分属38个种; 13份标本采自直径小于2 cm的枝干上, 分属12种。不同腐烂等级倒木上生长的真菌数量和种类差异明显, 其中一级腐烂倒木上采集到9份标本(7种), 二级腐烂倒木上采集到86份标本(45种), 三级腐烂倒木上49份标本(29种), 四级腐烂倒木上14份标本(14种)。结果表明, 林分中倒木直径大小和腐烂程度是影响木腐真菌生长与分布的重要因子。
李通,李俊凝,魏玉莲 (2019) 古田山国家级自然保护区木腐真菌物种多样性及分布. 生物多样性, 27, 81-87. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2018156.
Li Tong,Li Junning,Wei Yulian (2019) Species diversity and distribution of wood-decaying fungi in Gutianshan National Nature Reserve. Biodiversity Science, 27, 81-87. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2018156.
图1 古田山国家级自然保护区木腐真菌地理区系组成。A: 亚-欧; B: 东亚-北美; C: 东亚; D: 中国特有; E: 世界广布; F: 热带-亚热带; G: 北温带
Fig. 1 Geographical distribution of wood-decaying fungi in Gutianshan National Nature Reserve. A, Asia-Europe; B, East Asia- North America; C, East Asia; D, Endemic to China; E, Cosmopolitan; F, Tropical-subtropical; G, North temperate.
图2 (a)不同直径倒木上木腐真菌数量; (b)不同腐烂等级倒木上的木腐真菌数量。DC1: 腐烂一级; DC2: 腐烂二级; DC3: 腐烂三级; DC4: 腐烂四级。
Fig. 2 (a) Number of wood-decaying fungi on fallen wood of different diameters; (b) Number of wood-decaying fungi on wood with different rotting classes. DC1, Decaying class 1; DC2, Decaying class 2; DC3, Decaying class 3; DC4, Decaying class 4.
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