运用植物区系质量指数快速评估湿地植被恢复成效

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1003.2014.14078

生物多样性 ›› 2014, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (5): 564-573. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2014.14078

运用植物区系质量指数快速评估湿地植被恢复成效

彭婉婷¹, 罗鹏^3,^*(), 刘长青², 唐荣华⁴, 潘远智^1,^*()

1 四川农业大学风景园林学院, 成都 611130
2 四川农业大学资源环境学院, 成都 611130
3 中国科学院成都生物研究所, 成都 610041
4 四川省林业厅湿地管理中心, 成都 610081

收稿日期:2014-04-14 接受日期:2014-08-29 出版日期:2014-09-20 发布日期:2014-10-09
通讯作者: 罗鹏,潘远智
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(31170432)和科技部科技基础性工作专项(2012FY110300)

A rapid and quantitative assessment of wetland vegetation restoration effects with Floristic Quality Assessment Index

Wanting Peng¹, Peng Luo^3,^*(), Changqing Liu², Ronghua Tang⁴, Yuanzhi Pan^1,^*()

1 School of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130
2 School of Resources and Environment, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130
3 Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041
4 Management Centre of Wetland, Forest Department of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610081

Received:2014-04-14 Accepted:2014-08-29 Online:2014-09-20 Published:2014-10-09
Contact: Luo Peng,Pan Yuanzhi

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目前通常采用的评估湿地保护和恢复成效的指标体系较为复杂, 常涉及生物学、环境科学和社会学等多个学科, 导致监测评估成本高, 并难以实现综合的定量评估, 因此有必要提出能够在较大程度上表达生态环境状况的综合生态指标。植物区系质量指数(Floristic Quality Assessment Index, FQAI)反映了植物区系中物种的生态保守性程度, 作者将其作为主要生态指标, 来验证该指标用于湿地植被恢复成效定量评估的有效性。作者以四川盆地丘陵和平原地区湿地植物为对象, 构建了区域库塘及河滩湿地植物区系质量指数计算方法与赋值表, 以成都市重要水源地——云桥湿地的3年生态恢复成效为案例进行了检验。结果表明, 在云桥湿地3年恢复期间, 植物物种组成及其比例在恢复年限间无显著差异, Shannon-Wiener指数、Pielou指数和Simpson指数在3年中也并未发生显著变化, 但生态保守性系数平均值(CC_mean)和植物区系质量指数(FQAI)均随恢复年限显著上升, 表明FQAI可以快速、有效地实现生态系统水平湿地植被恢复成效的比较和定量评估。

关键词: 植物区系质量指数, 生态保守性系数, 生态指标, 物种多样性, 湿地评价

Abstract

Conventional assessment of wetland conservation/restoration effects usually involves monitoring of multiple variables and requires interdisciplinary expertise in biology, environmental sciences and socioeconomics. As China is putting huge efforts into restoring degraded wetlands, fast and cost-effective methodologies for quantitative assessment of the conservation effects are crucial and in great need. For three years, we studied a former paddy field that was recently rehabilitated to a forested wetland in Yunqiao, southwest China. Floristic Quality Assessment Index (FQAI) was used as an ecological indicator to monitor rehabilitation progress with repeat yearly samplings of plant species information along four parallel fixed line-transects in the wetland. The conservative values were calculated for each species based on evaluation of all wetland plants in the floristic area. The results showed that both the mean coefficient of conservatism (CC_mean) and the FQAI increased significantly, while no clear trends were presented by the species diversity indices (Shannon-Wiener index, Simpson index, Pielou index) over the three year sampling period, suggesting FQAI is a promising and effective ecological indicator for rapid and quantitative measurement of vegetative rehabilitation effects in wetlands.

Key words: Floristic Quality Assessment Index, coefficient of conservatism, ecological indicator, species richness, wetland assessment

彭婉婷, 罗鹏, 刘长青, 唐荣华, 潘远智 (2014) 运用植物区系质量指数快速评估湿地植被恢复成效. 生物多样性, 22, 564-573. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2014.14078.

Wanting Peng, Peng Luo, Changqing Liu, Ronghua Tang, Yuanzhi Pan (2014) A rapid and quantitative assessment of wetland vegetation restoration effects with Floristic Quality Assessment Index. Biodiversity Science, 22, 564-573. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2014.14078.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1003.2014.14078

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2014/V22/I5/564

图/表 9

参考文献 10

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年份 Year	总物种 Total species	本土植物 Native species	非本土植物 Non-native species	广布物种 Widespread species
2011	33.50 ± 5.04^a	30.00 ± 4.71^a	3.50 ± 0.50^a	23.50 ± 3.57^a
2012	35.50 ± 8.50^a	31.50 ± 8.06^a	4.00 ± 1.08^a	29.00 ± 4.65^a
2013	43.25 ± 6.92^a	39.75 ± 5.43^a	3.50 ± 1.65^a	19.75 ± 3.49^a

年份 Year	总物种 Total species	本土植物 Native species	非本土植物 Non-native species	广布物种 Widespread species
2011	33.50 ± 5.04^a	30.00 ± 4.71^a	3.50 ± 0.50^a	23.50 ± 3.57^a
2012	35.50 ± 8.50^a	31.50 ± 8.06^a	4.00 ± 1.08^a	29.00 ± 4.65^a
2013	43.25 ± 6.92^a	39.75 ± 5.43^a	3.50 ± 1.65^a	19.75 ± 3.49^a

年份 Year	Shannon-Wiener指数 Shannon-Wiener index	均匀度指数 Pielou index	优势度指数 Simpson index
2011	3.255 ± 0.202^a	0.936 ± 0.016^a	0.946 ± 0.029^a
2012	3.033 ± 0.359^a	0.875 ± 0.037^a	0.902 ± 0.079^a
2013	3.551 ± 0.195^a	0.954 ± 0.008^a	0.964 ± 0.015^a

年份 Year	Shannon-Wiener指数 Shannon-Wiener index	均匀度指数 Pielou index	优势度指数 Simpson index
2011	3.255 ± 0.202^a	0.936 ± 0.016^a	0.946 ± 0.029^a
2012	3.033 ± 0.359^a	0.875 ± 0.037^a	0.902 ± 0.079^a
2013	3.551 ± 0.195^a	0.954 ± 0.008^a	0.964 ± 0.015^a

科名 Family name	中文名 Chinese name	拉丁名 Latin name	作者赋值CC value by authors	专家赋值平均值 Mean CC value by experts	专家赋值标准差 Standard deviation of mean CC value by experts	最终值 Final CC value
卷柏科Selaginellaceae	伏地卷柏	Selaginella nipponica	8	7.5	0.500	8
	翠云草	Selaginella uncinata	8	7.8	0.433	8
水韭科 Isoetaceae 木贼科 Equisetaceae	中华水韭	Isoetes sinensis	10	9.8	0.433	10
	犬问荆	Equisetum palustre	4	3.5	0.500	4
	问荆	Equisetum arvense	1	1.0	0.000	1
	溪木贼	Equisetum fluviatile	4	4.3	0.829	4
	木贼	Equisetum hyemale	1	1.0	0.000	1
	披散木贼	Equisetum diffusum	1	1.0	0.000	1
	笔管草	Equisetum ramosissimum subsp. debile	1	1.0	0.000	1
	节节草	Equisetum ramosissimum	1	1.0	0.000	1
紫箕科 Osmundaceae	华南紫萁	Osmunda vachellii	3	2.3	0.433	3
	紫箕	Osmunda japonica	2	1.3	0.433	2
海金沙科 Lygodiaceae	海金沙	Lygodium japonicum	1	1.0	0.000	1
蚌壳蕨科 Dicksoniaceae	金毛狗	Cibotium barometz	6	6.0	0.707	6
骨碎补科Oleandracea	肾厥	Nephrolepis auriculata	7	7.3	0.433	7
铁线蕨科 Adiantaceae	铁线蕨	Adiantum capillus-veneris	2	1.5	0.500	2
	扇叶铁线蕨	Adiantum flabellulatum	8	8.0	0.707	8
里白科 Gleicheniaceae	里白	Hicriopteris glauca	5	4.8	0.829	5
	光里白	Hicriopteris laevissima	6	5.5	0.500	6
姬蕨科 Dennstaedtiaceae	边缘鳞盖蕨	Microlepia marginata	8	7.8	0.433	8
	姬蕨	Hypolepis punctata	7	7.3	0.433	7
水蕨科 Parkeriaceae	水蕨	Ceratopteris thalictroides	10	9.8	0.433	10
蹄盖蕨科 Athyriaceae	峨眉介蕨	Dryoathyrium unifurcatum	10	9.8	0.433	10
	假蹄盖蕨	Athyriopsis japonica	7	6.5	1.118	7
	尖头蹄盖蕨	Athyrium vidalii	7	7.0	0.707	7
	菜蕨	Callipteris esculenta	6	6.3	0.433	6
中国蕨科Sinopteridaceae	毛轴碎米蕨	Cheilosoria chusana	6	6.3	0.433	6
金星蕨科 Thelyptheridaceae	渐尖毛蕨	Cyclosorus acuminatus	7	7.0	0.707	7
	延羽卵果蕨	Phegopteris decursivepinnata	5	5.3	0.433	5
	沼泽蕨	Thelypteris palustris	5	5.3	0.829	5
	金星蕨	Parathelypteris glanduligera	1	1.0	0.000	1
	紫柄蕨	Pseudophegopteris pyrrhorachis	8	8.3	0.433	8
凤毛蕨科Pteridaceae	井栏边草	Pteris multifida	4	4.3	0.829	4
	蜈蚣蕨	Pteris vittata	1	1.0	0.000	1
蕨科Pteridiaceae	蕨	Pteridium aquilinum subsp. latiusculum	4	3.8	0.707	4
鳞毛蕨科 Dryopyeridaceae	稀羽鳞毛蕨	Dryopteris sparsa	1	1.0	0.000	1
	倒鳞鳞毛蕨	Dryopteris reflexosquamata	8	7.5	0.707	8
乌毛蕨科 Blechnaceae	胎生狗脊蕨	Woodwardia prolifera	7	7.0	0.707	7
	乌毛蕨	Blechnum orientale	9	9.2	0.707	9
球子蕨科 Onocleaceae	中华荚果蕨	Matteuccia intermedia	7	7.3	0.829	7
	荚果蕨(黄果香)	Matteuccia struthiopteris	7	7.3	1.090	7
满江红科 Azollaceae	满江红	Azolla pinnata subsp. asiatica	1	1	0.000	1
苹科 Marsileaceae	苹	Marsilea quadrisolia	1	1.0	0.000	1
槐叶苹科 Salviniaceae	槐叶苹	Salvinia natans	1	1.0	0.000	1

运用植物区系质量指数快速评估湿地植被恢复成效

A rapid and quantitative assessment of wetland vegetation restoration effects with Floristic Quality Assessment Index

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姓名	职称	学历	单位	研究方向
罗鹏	研究员	博士	中国科学院成都生物研究所	民族植物学、高山生态学
唐荣华	高级工程师	博士	四川省林业厅湿地管理中心	湿地植物学、湿地保护与恢复
潘远智	教授	博士	四川农业大学园林生态所	植物学、观赏园艺
杨万勤	教授	博士	四川农业大学林业生态研究所	亚高山/高山生态学、植物生态学

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科名 Family name	中文名 Chinese name	拉丁名 Latin name	作者赋值 CC value by authors	专家赋值平均值 Mean CC value by experts	专家赋值标准差 Standard deviationof mean CC valueby experts	最终值 Final CC value
杉科Taxodiaceae	水杉	Metasequoia glyptostroboides	10	10.0	0.000	10
	池杉	Taxodium ascendens	0	0	0.000	0
杨柳科Salicaceae	山杨	Populus davidiana	6	6.2	0.837	6
	青杨	Populus cathayana	7	6.8	0.837	7
	垂柳	Salix babylonica	5	5.4	0.548	5
	紫枝柳	Salix heterochroma	9	8.6	0.548	9
	南川柳	Salix rosthornii	8	7.8	0.447	8
	旱柳	Salix matsudana	5	5.6	0.548	6
	秋华柳	Salix variegata	6	6.6	0.548	7
	新紫柳	Salix neowilsonii	10	9.6	0.548	10
	乌柳	Salix cheilophila	6	5.6	0.548	6
	皂柳	Salix wallichiana	5	4.6	0.548	5
胡桃科Juglandaceae	湖北枫杨	Pterocarya hupehensis	9	8.6	0.548	9
	枫杨	Pterocarya stenoptera	8	8.4	0.548	8
桦木科Betuleae	桤木	Alnus cremastogyne	7	7.4	0.548	7
三白草科Saururaceae	蕺菜(鱼腥草)	Houttuynia cordata	1	1.0	0.000	1
	裸蒴	Gymnotheca chinensis	9	9.8	0.447	10
	三白草	Saururus chinensis	1	1.0	0.000	1
金粟兰科Chloranthaceae	鱼子兰	Chloranthus elatior	7	7.4	0.548	7
	及已	Chloranthus serratus	8	7.8	0.447	8
	草珊瑚	Sarcandra glabra	6	6.6	0.548	6
桑科Moraceae	桑	Morus alba	6	6.0	0.707	6
	构树	Broussonetia papyrifera	5	5.2	0.447	5
	葎草	Humulus scandens	1	1.0	0.000	1
	啤酒花	Humulus lupulus	7	7.0	0.707	7
荨麻科Urticaceae	序叶苎麻	Boehmeria clidemioides var. diffusa	6	6.0	0.707	6
	大叶苎麻	Boehmeria longispica	5	4.8	0.837	5
	赤麻	Boehmeria silvestrii	6	6.4	0.548	6
	水麻	Debregeasia orientalis	4	4.0	0.707	4
	华南楼梯草	Elatostema balansae	8	7.6	0.548	8
	楼梯草	Elatostema involucratum	7	7.4	0.894	7
	锐齿楼梯草	Elatostema cyrtandrifolium	4	4.2	0.837	4
	梨序楼梯草	Elatostema ficoides	7	6.6	0.548	7
	钝叶楼梯草	Elatostema obtusum	6	5.8	0.837	6
	小叶楼梯草	Elatostema parvum	7	6.8	0.837	7
	宽叶楼梯草	Elatostema platyphyllum	8	7.8	0.837	8
	多脉楼梯草	Elatostema pseudoficoides	8	7.8	0.447	8
	庐山楼梯草	Elatostema stewardii	10	9.8	0.447	10
	疣果楼梯草	Elatostema trichocarpum	8	7.6	0.548	8
	红火麻	Girardinia suborbiculata subsp. triloba	8	8.4	0.548	8

科名 Family name	中文名 Chinese name	拉丁名 Latin name	作者赋值 CC value by authors	专家赋值平均值 Mean CC value by experts	专家赋值标准差 Standard deviationof mean CC valueby experts	最终值 Final CC value
杉科Taxodiaceae	水杉	Metasequoia glyptostroboides	10	10.0	0.000	10
	池杉	Taxodium ascendens	0	0	0.000	0
杨柳科Salicaceae	山杨	Populus davidiana	6	6.2	0.837	6
	青杨	Populus cathayana	7	6.8	0.837	7
	垂柳	Salix babylonica	5	5.4	0.548	5
	紫枝柳	Salix heterochroma	9	8.6	0.548	9
	南川柳	Salix rosthornii	8	7.8	0.447	8
	旱柳	Salix matsudana	5	5.6	0.548	6
	秋华柳	Salix variegata	6	6.6	0.548	7
	新紫柳	Salix neowilsonii	10	9.6	0.548	10
	乌柳	Salix cheilophila	6	5.6	0.548	6
	皂柳	Salix wallichiana	5	4.6	0.548	5
胡桃科Juglandaceae	湖北枫杨	Pterocarya hupehensis	9	8.6	0.548	9
	枫杨	Pterocarya stenoptera	8	8.4	0.548	8
桦木科Betuleae	桤木	Alnus cremastogyne	7	7.4	0.548	7
三白草科Saururaceae	蕺菜(鱼腥草)	Houttuynia cordata	1	1.0	0.000	1
	裸蒴	Gymnotheca chinensis	9	9.8	0.447	10
	三白草	Saururus chinensis	1	1.0	0.000	1
金粟兰科Chloranthaceae	鱼子兰	Chloranthus elatior	7	7.4	0.548	7
	及已	Chloranthus serratus	8	7.8	0.447	8
	草珊瑚	Sarcandra glabra	6	6.6	0.548	6
桑科Moraceae	桑	Morus alba	6	6.0	0.707	6
	构树	Broussonetia papyrifera	5	5.2	0.447	5
	葎草	Humulus scandens	1	1.0	0.000	1
	啤酒花	Humulus lupulus	7	7.0	0.707	7
荨麻科Urticaceae	序叶苎麻	Boehmeria clidemioides var. diffusa	6	6.0	0.707	6
	大叶苎麻	Boehmeria longispica	5	4.8	0.837	5
	赤麻	Boehmeria silvestrii	6	6.4	0.548	6
	水麻	Debregeasia orientalis	4	4.0	0.707	4
	华南楼梯草	Elatostema balansae	8	7.6	0.548	8
	楼梯草	Elatostema involucratum	7	7.4	0.894	7
	锐齿楼梯草	Elatostema cyrtandrifolium	4	4.2	0.837	4
	梨序楼梯草	Elatostema ficoides	7	6.6	0.548	7
	钝叶楼梯草	Elatostema obtusum	6	5.8	0.837	6
	小叶楼梯草	Elatostema parvum	7	6.8	0.837	7
	宽叶楼梯草	Elatostema platyphyllum	8	7.8	0.837	8
	多脉楼梯草	Elatostema pseudoficoides	8	7.8	0.447	8
	庐山楼梯草	Elatostema stewardii	10	9.8	0.447	10
	疣果楼梯草	Elatostema trichocarpum	8	7.6	0.548	8
	红火麻	Girardinia suborbiculata subsp. triloba	8	8.4	0.548	8