关键词: 生物多样性抵消, 缓解等级, 核算量化, 生物多样性保护, 零净损失

Abstract

Backgrounds & Aims：With the surging pressure on Biodiversity conservation and the proposal of "no net loss" (NNL), biodiversity offsetting (BO) as the final step of the Mitigation Hierarchy, has been rapidly implemented in Europe and America, becoming a way to address the economic pressure of biodiversity conservation, insufficient social participation, and the contradiction between land development and the encroachment on ecological land. 

Method & Results：This paper reviews the current research status at home and abroad and the overview of foreign biodiversity offset projects, analyzes the gap in research and practice in China, distinguishes the connotations of related concepts, and clarifies the implementation paths of the projects. By summarizing the key issues and strategies in four aspects, namely, quantification of biodiversity offset accounting abroad, enhancement of add-ons, improvement of mandatory frameworks, and guarantee of long-term nature, it provides theoretical basis and practical experience for biodiversity offset in China. 

Conclusions：Three suggestions are put forward: clarifying the status and implementation path of biodiversity offsetting, promoting the implementation of biodiversity offsetting, and strengthening the research on the optimization of biodiversity offsetting efficiency, with the aim of further improving China's biodiversity conservation system and constructing a highly adaptable biodiversity offsetting framework.

Key words: biodiversity offsetting, mitigation hierarchy, accounting quantification, biodiversity conservation, no net loss