生物多样性 ›› 2024, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (1): 23337. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2023337 cstr: 32101.14.biods.2023337
收稿日期:
2023-09-12
接受日期:
2023-12-05
出版日期:
2024-01-20
发布日期:
2024-02-04
通讯作者:
*E-mail: zhaoxh@bjfu.edu.cn
基金资助:
Zheng Yin1, Naili Zhang2,3,4, Chunyu Zhang1, Xiuhai Zhao1,*()
Received:
2023-09-12
Accepted:
2023-12-05
Online:
2024-01-20
Published:
2024-02-04
Contact:
*E-mail: zhaoxh@bjfu.edu.cn
摘要:
温带森林生态系统草本植物多样性丰富, 是植物多样性的重要组分, 对森林生态系统功能的调控同样具有重要作用, 但却未受到广泛关注。本研究依托长白山地区原始阔叶红松(Pinus koraiensis)林和采伐干扰后形成的次生针阔混交林中共128个1 m × 1 m草本植物样方连续两年的调查数据, 深入解析了两类森林林下丛枝菌根(arbuscular mycorrhizal, AM)草本植物和非菌根(non-mycorrhizal, NM)草本植物多样性的异同; 并运用广义线性混合效应模型分析了AM木本植物和外生菌根(ectomy- corrhizal, EcM)木本植物以及环境因子对林下草本植物多样性的影响。结果表明: 原始阔叶红松林中群落水平上草本植物和AM草本植物的多度和多样性均显著高于受人类采伐干扰后形成的次生针阔混交林, 而NM草本植物无显著差异。林下草本植物多度和多样性受到木本植物邻体的显著影响, 但其作用强度受到环境因素的调控。在次生针阔混交林中, 群落水平上的草本植物多样性主要受木本植物邻体多样性和林下叶面积指数的直接影响。AM草本植物多度与EcM木本植物邻体密度显著负相关, 且这种负作用关系随着土壤含水量的增加而减弱。在阔叶红松林中, 土壤含水量直接影响群落水平草本植物和AM草本植物的多度, 且土壤含水量的高低调控木本植物邻体对群落水平草本多度和多样性的影响。综上所述, 采伐干扰显著降低了温带森林生态系统中草本植物多度和多样性, 而上层木本植物邻体的菌根类型和环境因子对林下草本植物群落构建表现出明显的交互作用。
殷正, 张乃莉, 张春雨, 赵秀海 (2024) 长白山不同演替阶段温带森林木本植物菌根类型对林下草本植物多样性的影响. 生物多样性, 32, 23337. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2023337.
Zheng Yin, Naili Zhang, Chunyu Zhang, Xiuhai Zhao (2024) Effects of woody plant mycorrhizal types on understory herb diversity in temperate forests at different successional stages in Changbai Mountains. Biodiversity Science, 32, 23337. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2023337.
物种 Species | 科 Family | 生长型 Growth form | 菌根类型 Mycorrhizal type | 个体数 No. of individuals | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
次生针阔混交林 Secondary conifer and broad-leaved mixed forests | 东北羊角芹 Aegopodium alpestre | 伞形科 Apiaceae | Forb | AM | 1,323 |
酢浆草 Oxalis corniculata | 酢浆草科 Oxalidaceae | Forb | AM | 1,167 | |
荨麻叶龙头草 Meehania urticifolia | 唇形科 Lamiaceae | Forb | AM | 1,021 | |
舞鹤草 Maianthemum bifolium | 天门冬科 Asparagaceae | Forb | AM | 858 | |
五福花 Adoxa moschatellina | 五福花科 Adoxaceae | Forb | NM-AM | 752 | |
丝引薹草 Carex remotiuscula | 莎草科 Cyperaceae | Grass | NM-AM | 468 | |
山茄子 Brachybotrys paridiformis | 紫草科 Boraginaceae | Forb | NM-AM | 456 | |
白花碎米荠 Cardamine leucantha | 十字花科 Brassicaceae | Forb | NM | 435 | |
蚊子草 Filipendula palmata | 蔷薇科 Rosaceae | Forb | AM | 349 | |
细叶孩儿参 Pseudostellaria sylvatica | 石竹科 Caryophyllaceae | Forb | NM | 286 | |
阔叶红松林 Broad-leaved Korean pine forests | 荨麻叶龙头草 Meehania urticifolia | 唇形科 Lamiaceae | Forb | AM | 1,602 |
东北羊角芹 Aegopodium alpestre | 伞形科 Apiaceae | Forb | AM | 1,552 | |
车轴草 Galium odoratum | 茜草科 Rubiaceae | Forb | NM-AM | 1,339 | |
水金凤 Impatiens noli-tangere | 凤仙花科 Balsaminaceae | Forb | AM | 1,301 | |
毛果银莲花 Anemone baicalensis | 毛茛科 Ranunculaceae | Forb | AM | 942 | |
舞鹤草 Maianthemum bifolium | 天门冬科 Asparagaceae | Forb | AM | 837 | |
香根芹 Osmorhiza aristata | 伞形科 Apiaceae | Forb | AM | 600 | |
丝引薹草 Carex remotiuscula | 莎草科 Cyperaceae | Grass | NM-AM | 464 | |
蔓孩儿参 Pseudostellaria davidii | 石竹科 Caryophyllaceae | Forb | NM | 421 | |
水珠草 Circaea quadrisulcata | 柳叶菜科 Onagraceae | Forb | AM | 358 |
表1 长白山次生针阔混交林(CBF)和阔叶红松林(BKF)林下草本植物物种组成(多度前10的物种)
Table 1 Species composition of herbaceous plants in the secondary conifer and broad-leaved mixed forests (CBF) and the broad-leaved Korean pine forests (BKF) in Changbai Mountains (Top 10 species in abundance)
物种 Species | 科 Family | 生长型 Growth form | 菌根类型 Mycorrhizal type | 个体数 No. of individuals | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
次生针阔混交林 Secondary conifer and broad-leaved mixed forests | 东北羊角芹 Aegopodium alpestre | 伞形科 Apiaceae | Forb | AM | 1,323 |
酢浆草 Oxalis corniculata | 酢浆草科 Oxalidaceae | Forb | AM | 1,167 | |
荨麻叶龙头草 Meehania urticifolia | 唇形科 Lamiaceae | Forb | AM | 1,021 | |
舞鹤草 Maianthemum bifolium | 天门冬科 Asparagaceae | Forb | AM | 858 | |
五福花 Adoxa moschatellina | 五福花科 Adoxaceae | Forb | NM-AM | 752 | |
丝引薹草 Carex remotiuscula | 莎草科 Cyperaceae | Grass | NM-AM | 468 | |
山茄子 Brachybotrys paridiformis | 紫草科 Boraginaceae | Forb | NM-AM | 456 | |
白花碎米荠 Cardamine leucantha | 十字花科 Brassicaceae | Forb | NM | 435 | |
蚊子草 Filipendula palmata | 蔷薇科 Rosaceae | Forb | AM | 349 | |
细叶孩儿参 Pseudostellaria sylvatica | 石竹科 Caryophyllaceae | Forb | NM | 286 | |
阔叶红松林 Broad-leaved Korean pine forests | 荨麻叶龙头草 Meehania urticifolia | 唇形科 Lamiaceae | Forb | AM | 1,602 |
东北羊角芹 Aegopodium alpestre | 伞形科 Apiaceae | Forb | AM | 1,552 | |
车轴草 Galium odoratum | 茜草科 Rubiaceae | Forb | NM-AM | 1,339 | |
水金凤 Impatiens noli-tangere | 凤仙花科 Balsaminaceae | Forb | AM | 1,301 | |
毛果银莲花 Anemone baicalensis | 毛茛科 Ranunculaceae | Forb | AM | 942 | |
舞鹤草 Maianthemum bifolium | 天门冬科 Asparagaceae | Forb | AM | 837 | |
香根芹 Osmorhiza aristata | 伞形科 Apiaceae | Forb | AM | 600 | |
丝引薹草 Carex remotiuscula | 莎草科 Cyperaceae | Grass | NM-AM | 464 | |
蔓孩儿参 Pseudostellaria davidii | 石竹科 Caryophyllaceae | Forb | NM | 421 | |
水珠草 Circaea quadrisulcata | 柳叶菜科 Onagraceae | Forb | AM | 358 |
图1 长白山次生针阔混交林(CBF)和阔叶红松林(BKF)林下草本植物的多度和多样性比较(平均值 ± 标准误)。ALL: 群落水平草本植物; AM: 丛枝菌根; NM: 非菌根。* P < 0.05; *** P < 0.001; ns: P > 0.05。
Fig. 1 Comparison of the abundance and diversity indices of herbaceous plants in the secondary conifer and broad-leaved mixed forests (CBF) and the broad-leaved Korean pine forests (BKF) in Changbai Mountains (mean ± SE). ALL, All herbaceous plants; AM, Arbuscular mycorrhizal; NM, Non-mycorrhizal. * P < 0.05; *** P < 0.001; ns, P > 0.05.
图2 长白山次生针阔混交林(CBF)和阔叶红松林(BKF)中木本植物邻体和环境因子对群落水平草本植物多度(a)和多样性(b)的影响。图中实心点表示该参数估计值达到显著水平(P < 0.05), 水平线表示95%的置信区间。
Fig. 2 Effects of woody plant neighbors and environmental variables on the abundance (a) and diversity (b) of all herbaceous plants in the secondary conifer and broad-leaved mixed forests (CBF) and the broad-leaved Korean pine forests (BKF) in Changbai Mountains. Solid points indicate estimated coefficients that are statistically significant (P < 0.05), and bars indicate 95% confidence intervals.
图3 长白山次生针阔混交林(CBF)和阔叶红松林(BKF)中丛枝菌根(AM)木本植物(a)、外生菌根(EcM)木本植物(b)和环境因子对林下AM草本植物多度的影响。图中实心点表示该参数估计值达到显著水平(P < 0.05), 水平线表示95%的置信区间。
Fig. 3 Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) woody plant (a), ectomycorrhiza (EcM) woody plant (b) and environmental variables on the abundance of AM herbaceous plants in the secondary conifer and broad-leaved mixed forests (CBF) and the broad-leaved Korean pine forests (BKF) in Changbai Mountain. Solid points indicate estimated coefficients that are statistically significant (P < 0.05), and bars indicate 95% confidence intervals.
图4 长白山次生针阔混交林(CBF)和阔叶红松林(BKF)中丛枝菌根(AM)木本植物(a)、外生菌根(EcM)木本植物(b)和环境因子对林下AM草本植物多样性的影响。图中实心点表示该参数估计值达到显著水平(P < 0.05), 水平线表示95%的置信区间。
Fig. 4 Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) woody plant (a), ectomycorrhiza (EcM) woody plant (b) and environmental variables on the diversity of AM herbaceous plants in the secondary conifer and broad-leaved mixed forests (CBF) and the broad-leaved Korean pine forests (BKF) in Changbai Mountains. Solid points indicate estimated coefficients that are statistically significant (P < 0.05), and bars indicate 95% confidence intervals.
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