白令海与楚科奇海鱼类营养级与营养生态位

doi:10.17520/biods.2022521

生物多样性 ›› 2023, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (4): 22521. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2022521

• 研究报告: 动物多样性 • 上一篇下一篇

白令海与楚科奇海鱼类营养级与营养生态位

付树森¹^,², 宋普庆², 李渊¹^,², 李袁源², 张然², 张琥顺¹, 王芮², 林龙山¹^,²^,^*()

1.上海海洋大学海洋科学学院, 上海 201306
2.自然资源部第三海洋研究所, 福建厦门 361005

收稿日期:2022-09-11 接受日期:2022-12-24 出版日期:2023-04-20 发布日期:2023-04-20
通讯作者: *E-mail: linlsh@tio.org.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(41876176);自然资源部第三海洋研究所基本科研业务费专项基金(海三科2016011);极地考察业务化与科研(CHINARE2012-2020)

Trophic levels and trophic niches of fish from the Bering Sea and Chukchi Sea

Shusen Fu¹^,², Puqing Song², Yuan Li¹^,², Yuanyuan Li², Ran Zhang², Hushun Zhang¹, Rui Wang², Longshan Lin¹^,²^,^*()

1. College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306
2. Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, Fujian 361005

Received:2022-09-11 Accepted:2022-12-24 Online:2023-04-20 Published:2023-04-20
Contact: *E-mail: linlsh@tio.org.cn

1. 附录1 Marsh等(2017)和Stasko等(2017)研究中鱼类营养级与稳定同位素特征.pdf(233KB)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

受气候变暖的影响, 北极海洋生态系统的内部结构正发生改变, 其稳定性面临前所未有的挑战。鱼类作为北极海洋食物网中营养传输与转运的重要枢纽, 了解其摄食习性以及种间营养关系是掌握食物网结构与功能变化的关键。本文基于中国第6次(2014年)和第8-11次(2017-2020年)北极科学考察拖网调查所获得的鱼类样品, 利用稳定同位素技术对白令海与楚科奇海(Bering Sea-Chukchi Sea)海域鱼类稳定同位素比值大小、营养级范围和营养生态位宽幅与重叠进行了分析。结果表明, 共捕获鱼类8科21属29种, 所有鱼类样品的δ¹³C均值为-19.36‰ (-23.88‰至-15.78‰), δ¹⁵N均值为16.16‰ (11.80‰-20.37‰), 营养级范围为2.42-4.62, 均值为3.74。营养生态位结果显示, 基本每种鱼类的营养生态位都与其他几种鱼类存在一定程度的重叠, 但多数物种间并无完全重叠, 保持一定的独特性。白令海北鳕(Boreogadus saida)校正后的标准椭圆面积(corrected standard ellipse area, SEAc)最大(SEAc = 5.51); 大西洋钩杜父鱼(Artediellus atlanticus)的营养生态位宽幅最小(SEAc = 0.85)。本研究可为进一步研究北极海洋食物网结构以及深入分析北极海洋生态系统对气候变化的响应提供营养生态学基础。

关键词: 白令海, 楚科奇海, 稳定同位素, 鱼类, 营养级, 营养生态位

Abstract

Aims: The internal structure of the Arctic marine ecosystem is changing and its stability is facing unprecedented challenges due to the influences of climate warming. Since fish are important resources for nutrient transport and transfer in Arctic marine food webs, understanding their feeding habits and interspecific trophic relationships is the key to grasping the changes occurring in the Arctic food web structure and function. This study was carried out to obtain basic biological information about fish in the Bering Sea and Chukchi Sea, as well as to provide reference for subsequent studies on trophic ecology.

Methods: We analyzed the stable isotope ratio, trophic level range and trophic niche width and overlap of fish from the Bering Sea and Chukchi Sea using stable isotope techniques based on fish samples obtained from the 6th (2014) and 8th to 11th (2017-2020) Arctic scientific expedition trawl surveys by China.

Results: A total of 29 species of 8 families and 21 genera of fish were captured, and the mean δ¹³C value of all fish samples was -19.36‰ (-23.88‰ to -15.78‰), the mean value of the δ¹⁵N value was 16.16‰ (11.80‰-20.37‰), and the total trophic levels ranged from 2.42 to 4.62, with a mean value of 3.74. The results of the trophic niches indicated that each fish species had some degree of overlap with several other species, but most species did not overlap completely with each other and maintained some singularity. Boreogadus saida had the largest corrected standard ellipse area (SEAc = 5.51); Artediellus atlanticus had the smallest width of the trophic niche (SEAc = 0.85).

Conclusion: This present study provides basic background information on the trophic ecology in Arctic seas for further study of the food web structure and an in-depth analysis of the response of Arctic marine ecosystems to climate change.

Key words: Bering Sea, Chukchi Sea, stable isotope, fish, trophic level, trophic niche

付树森, 宋普庆, 李渊, 李袁源, 张然, 张琥顺, 王芮, 林龙山 (2023) 白令海与楚科奇海鱼类营养级与营养生态位. 生物多样性, 31, 22521. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2022521.

Shusen Fu, Puqing Song, Yuan Li, Yuanyuan Li, Ran Zhang, Hushun Zhang, Rui Wang, Longshan Lin (2023) Trophic levels and trophic niches of fish from the Bering Sea and Chukchi Sea. Biodiversity Science, 31, 22521. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2022521.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2022521

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2023/V31/I4/22521

图/表 6

参考文献 46

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科 Family	种类 Species	样品数 Number of samples	营养级X (最小值-最大值) Trophic level X (Min-Max)	Fishbase营养级 Trophic level of Fishbase
鳕科 Gadidae	白令海北鳕 Boreogadus saida	80	3.76 (3.56-3.97)	2.9-4.2
	北极鳕 Arctogadus glacialis	17	4.31 (4.08-4.58)	3.2
	黄线狭鳕 Gadus chalcogrammus	29	3.11 (2.91-3.31)	3.0-4.5
	细身宽突鳕 Eleginus gracilis	3	3.45 (2.71-4.20)	3.0-4.1
鲽科 Pleuronectidae	糙黄盖鲽 Limanda aspera	2	3.96 (2.00-4.02)	3.1-3.7
	黄腹鲽 Pleuronectes quadrituberculatus	2	3.67 (2.00-3.76)	3.1-3.9
	太平洋拟庸鲽 Hippoglossoides elassodon	60	3.57 (3.37-3.79)	3.4-3.8
杜父鱼科 Cottidae	粗糙钩杜父鱼 Artediellus scaber	2	3.98 (2.01-4.03)	3.4
	大西洋钩杜父鱼 Artediellus atlanticus	23	4.59 (4.37-4.86)	3.6
	短角床杜父鱼 Myoxocephalus scorpius	9	3.40 (3.07-3.78)	2.1-4.4
	横带杂鳞杜父鱼 Hemilepidotus papilio	3	3.05 (2.01-4.64)	3.3
	锯棘冰杜父鱼 Icelus spiniger	3	3.16 (2.00-4.28)	3.6
	尼氏鮄杜父鱼 Triglops nybelini	4	3.84 (3.17-4.57)	3.3
	强棘杜父鱼 Enophrys diceraus	2	4.06 (2.01-4.09)	3.8
	三叉裸棘杜父鱼 Gymnocanthus tricuspis	62	3.43 (3.25-3.62)	3.2-3.3
	匙形冰杜父鱼 Icelus spatula	10	3.68 (3.42-3.93)	3.9
绵鳚科 Zoarcidae	阿氏狼绵鳚 Lycodes adolfi	8	4.26 (3.73-4.86)	3.3
	半花裸鳚 Gymnelus hemifasciatus	4	3.33 (2.09-4.58)	3.1
	半裸狼绵鳚 Lycodes seminudus	6	4.53 (4.14-4.97)	3.2-4.0
	北极狼绵鳚 Lycodes polaris	2	4.29 (2.00-4.35)	3.4
	苍色狼绵鳚 Lycodes pallidus	10	4.44 (4.18-4.71)	3.3-4.1
	短鳍狼绵鳚 Lycodes brevipes	12	3.44 (3.19-3.68)	3.5-4.2
	砂栖狼绵鳚 Lycodes palearis	6	3.71 (3.34-4.09)	3.5
	网纹狼绵鳚 Lycodes reticulatus	3	4.62 (4.07-5.17)	3.5
线鳚科 Stichaeidae	斑鳍北鳚 Lumpenus fabricii	9	3.40 (3.09-3.72)	3.3
	中间弧线鳚 Anisarchus medius	19	3.85 (3.63-4.11)	3.2
八角鱼科 Agonidae	北极胶八角鱼 Aspidophoroides olrikii	3	3.01 (2.01-3.85)	2.1-3.9
狮子鱼科 Liparidae	费氏狮子鱼 Liparis fabricii	5	4.17 (3.56-4.75)	3.3
玉筋鱼科 Ammodytidae	六斑玉筋鱼 Ammodytes hexapterus	3	2.42 (2.28-2.60)	2.7-3.3

科 Family	种类 Species	样品数 Number of samples	营养级X (最小值-最大值) Trophic level X (Min-Max)	Fishbase营养级 Trophic level of Fishbase
鳕科 Gadidae	白令海北鳕 Boreogadus saida	80	3.76 (3.56-3.97)	2.9-4.2
	北极鳕 Arctogadus glacialis	17	4.31 (4.08-4.58)	3.2
	黄线狭鳕 Gadus chalcogrammus	29	3.11 (2.91-3.31)	3.0-4.5
	细身宽突鳕 Eleginus gracilis	3	3.45 (2.71-4.20)	3.0-4.1
鲽科 Pleuronectidae	糙黄盖鲽 Limanda aspera	2	3.96 (2.00-4.02)	3.1-3.7
	黄腹鲽 Pleuronectes quadrituberculatus	2	3.67 (2.00-3.76)	3.1-3.9
	太平洋拟庸鲽 Hippoglossoides elassodon	60	3.57 (3.37-3.79)	3.4-3.8
杜父鱼科 Cottidae	粗糙钩杜父鱼 Artediellus scaber	2	3.98 (2.01-4.03)	3.4
	大西洋钩杜父鱼 Artediellus atlanticus	23	4.59 (4.37-4.86)	3.6
	短角床杜父鱼 Myoxocephalus scorpius	9	3.40 (3.07-3.78)	2.1-4.4
	横带杂鳞杜父鱼 Hemilepidotus papilio	3	3.05 (2.01-4.64)	3.3
	锯棘冰杜父鱼 Icelus spiniger	3	3.16 (2.00-4.28)	3.6
	尼氏鮄杜父鱼 Triglops nybelini	4	3.84 (3.17-4.57)	3.3
	强棘杜父鱼 Enophrys diceraus	2	4.06 (2.01-4.09)	3.8
	三叉裸棘杜父鱼 Gymnocanthus tricuspis	62	3.43 (3.25-3.62)	3.2-3.3
	匙形冰杜父鱼 Icelus spatula	10	3.68 (3.42-3.93)	3.9
绵鳚科 Zoarcidae	阿氏狼绵鳚 Lycodes adolfi	8	4.26 (3.73-4.86)	3.3
	半花裸鳚 Gymnelus hemifasciatus	4	3.33 (2.09-4.58)	3.1
	半裸狼绵鳚 Lycodes seminudus	6	4.53 (4.14-4.97)	3.2-4.0
	北极狼绵鳚 Lycodes polaris	2	4.29 (2.00-4.35)	3.4
	苍色狼绵鳚 Lycodes pallidus	10	4.44 (4.18-4.71)	3.3-4.1
	短鳍狼绵鳚 Lycodes brevipes	12	3.44 (3.19-3.68)	3.5-4.2
	砂栖狼绵鳚 Lycodes palearis	6	3.71 (3.34-4.09)	3.5
	网纹狼绵鳚 Lycodes reticulatus	3	4.62 (4.07-5.17)	3.5
线鳚科 Stichaeidae	斑鳍北鳚 Lumpenus fabricii	9	3.40 (3.09-3.72)	3.3
	中间弧线鳚 Anisarchus medius	19	3.85 (3.63-4.11)	3.2
八角鱼科 Agonidae	北极胶八角鱼 Aspidophoroides olrikii	3	3.01 (2.01-3.85)	2.1-3.9
狮子鱼科 Liparidae	费氏狮子鱼 Liparis fabricii	5	4.17 (3.56-4.75)	3.3
玉筋鱼科 Ammodytidae	六斑玉筋鱼 Ammodytes hexapterus	3	2.42 (2.28-2.60)	2.7-3.3

种名 Species	不规则图形面积(TA)	标准椭圆面积(SEA)	校正后的标准椭圆面积(SEAc)
白令海北鳕 Boreogadus saida	23.95	5.44	5.51
黄线狭鳕 Gadus chalcogrammus	5.86	1.73	1.80
北极鳕 Arctogadus glacialis	2.41	0.84	0.90
费氏狮子鱼 Liparis fabricii	3.28	3.10	4.13
三叉裸棘杜父鱼 Gymnocanthus tricuspis	11.62	2.86	2.91
短角床杜父鱼 Myoxocephalus scorpius	1.35	0.81	0.92
大西洋钩杜父鱼 Artediellus atlanticus	2.44	0.81	0.85
匙形冰杜父鱼 Icelus spatula	1.78	0.91	1.02
斑鳍北鳚 Lumpenus fabricii	4.96	3.15	3.61
中间弧线鳚 Anisarchus medius	3.91	1.64	1.73
太平洋拟庸鲽 Hippoglossoides elassodon	12.34	3.30	3.36
短鳍狼绵鳚 Lycodes brevipes	1.77	0.79	0.87
苍色狼绵鳚 Lycodes pallidus	2.28	1.13	1.27
阿氏狼绵鳚 Lycodes adolfi	6.46	4.05	4.72
砂栖狼绵鳚 Lycodes palearis	1.46	1.02	1.29
半裸狼绵鳚 Lycodes seminudus	5.02	4.03	5.04

种名 Species	不规则图形面积(TA)	标准椭圆面积(SEA)	校正后的标准椭圆面积(SEAc)
白令海北鳕 Boreogadus saida	23.95	5.44	5.51
黄线狭鳕 Gadus chalcogrammus	5.86	1.73	1.80
北极鳕 Arctogadus glacialis	2.41	0.84	0.90
费氏狮子鱼 Liparis fabricii	3.28	3.10	4.13
三叉裸棘杜父鱼 Gymnocanthus tricuspis	11.62	2.86	2.91
短角床杜父鱼 Myoxocephalus scorpius	1.35	0.81	0.92
大西洋钩杜父鱼 Artediellus atlanticus	2.44	0.81	0.85
匙形冰杜父鱼 Icelus spatula	1.78	0.91	1.02
斑鳍北鳚 Lumpenus fabricii	4.96	3.15	3.61
中间弧线鳚 Anisarchus medius	3.91	1.64	1.73
太平洋拟庸鲽 Hippoglossoides elassodon	12.34	3.30	3.36
短鳍狼绵鳚 Lycodes brevipes	1.77	0.79	0.87
苍色狼绵鳚 Lycodes pallidus	2.28	1.13	1.27
阿氏狼绵鳚 Lycodes adolfi	6.46	4.05	4.72
砂栖狼绵鳚 Lycodes palearis	1.46	1.02	1.29
半裸狼绵鳚 Lycodes seminudus	5.02	4.03	5.04

物种 Species	B	C	D	E	F	G	H	I	J	K	L	M	N	O	P
A	1.21	1.67	19.51	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
B		-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
C			21.35	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
D				-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	12.01	9.49	-	5.31
E					8.14	-	23.95	24.77	6.31	19.31	29.90	-	-	11.79	-
F						-	-	23.30	9.31	21.66	-	-	-	13.84	-
G							-	-	-	-	-	25.46	-	-	16.88
H								7.96	7.41	3.58	8.73	-	-	23.38	-
I									7.93	48.98	1.43	-	-	13.72	-
J										15.96	-	-	1.50	17.49	-
K											-	-	9.76	13.52	-
L												-	-	-	-
M													24.59	-	20.68
N														-	25.74
O															-

白令海与楚科奇海鱼类营养级与营养生态位

Trophic levels and trophic niches of fish from the Bering Sea and Chukchi Sea

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	不规则图形面积 Total area of the convex hull (TA)	δ¹⁵N范围 δ¹⁵N range (NR)	δ¹³C范围 δ¹³C range (CR)	质心的平均距离 Mean distance to centroid (CD)	最短均值 Mean nearest neighbour distance (MNND)	最短标准差 Standard deviation of nearest neighbour distance (SDNND)
本研究 This study	13.08	5.06	4.25	2.04	0.61	0.53
纪炜炜等, 2015	12.05	3.59	4.83	1.51	0.41	0.22
Marsh et al, 2017	8.8	4.4	3.3	1.28	0.50	0.32

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