云岭山脉云南地区两栖爬行类动物多样性

doi:10.17520/biods.2022316

生物多样性 ›› 2023, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (2): 22316. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2022316

所属专题：生物入侵

云岭山脉云南地区两栖爬行类动物多样性

侯东敏¹, 辉洪¹, 张栋儒¹, 肖能文²^,^*(), 饶定齐¹^,^*()

1.中国科学院昆明动物研究所遗传资源与进化国家重点实验室, 昆明 650201
2.中国环境科学研究院, 北京 100012

收稿日期:2022-06-10 接受日期:2022-09-13 出版日期:2023-02-20 发布日期:2022-12-15
通讯作者: *饶定齐, E-mail: raodq@mail.kiz.ac.cn;肖能文 xiaonw@163.com
基金资助:
生态环境部生物多样性调查评估项目(2019HJ2096001006);国家自然科学基金(31970404)

Diversity of amphibians and reptiles in Yunnan region of the Yunling Mountains

Dongmin Hou¹, Hong Hui¹, Dongru Zhang¹, Nengwen Xiao²^,^*(), Dingqi Rao¹^,^*()

1. State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201
2. Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012

Received:2022-06-10 Accepted:2022-09-13 Online:2023-02-20 Published:2022-12-15
Contact: *Dingqi Rao, E-mail: raodq@mail.kiz.ac.cn;Nengwen Xiao xiaonw@163.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

云岭位于云南省西北部、西藏自治区东南部及四川省西南部, 是横断山系的重要山脉, 同时也是澜沧江和金沙江的分水岭。为了掌握云岭山脉云南地区的生物多样性状况与威胁因素, 促进区域的生物多样性保护和监管, 本文开展了云岭山脉云南地区的两栖爬行动物多样性调查与评估。2019年和2020年采用以样线法为主、访问为辅的野外调查, 共计布设样线239条, 共记录两栖类37种, 隶属2目10科22属; 爬行类44种, 隶属2目10科25属。多样性分析结果显示: 云岭山脉云南地区的两栖爬行动物种类相较西双版纳等热点地区的更少, 且爬行动物较两栖动物更为丰富, 造成这种现象可能的原因是海拔限制或调查错过繁殖期。在2,200-2,300 m的海拔段能够记录到更多数量的两栖爬行物种, 因此中高海拔具有更为丰富的两栖爬行动物多样性。在云岭山脉云南地区的非保护区区域, 栖息地破坏和人为干扰是威胁两栖爬行动物生存和繁殖的主要因素。此外, 调查还发现了外来物种, 需进一步进行外来种的监测, 及时控制种群数量, 避免大规模的生态入侵。本研究摸清了云岭山脉云南地区的两栖爬行动物多样性本底, 查明了调查区域内生物多样性保护中存在的问题和胁迫因素, 为该区域内生物多样性保护提供了基础数据。

关键词: 云岭山脉, 生物多样性, 两栖动物, 爬行动物, G-F指数, 海拔分布

Abstract

Aims: The Yunling Mountains are located in the northwest region of Yunnan Province, southeast of the Tibet Autonomous Region and southwest of Sichuan Province. It’s an important mountain range in the Hengduan Mountains, and it is also in the watershed of the Lancang River and Jinsha River. To better understand the amphibian and reptile biodiversity, potential threats, and promote regional protection, we conducted an assessment of amphibian and reptile diversity in Yunnan region of the Yunling Mountains.

Methods: In 2019 and 2020, amphibians and reptiles were sampled along 239 line-transects and supplemented by other field meander surveys.

Results: In total, 37 species of amphibians, belonging to 22 genera, 10 families, 2 orders, were observed, along with 44 species of reptiles, belonging to 25 genera, 10 families and 2 orders. The results of the diversity analysis showed that the number of species of amphibians and reptiles in Yunnan region of the Yunling Mountains were less than those in hot spots such as Xishuangbanna. In addition, reptiles were more abundant than amphibians, which may be due to elevation restrictions or missing the breeding period. More amphibian and reptile species were recorded at elevation of 2,200-2,300 m, suggesting more diversity of amphibians and reptiles at medium and high elevations. Habitat destruction and human disturbance were the main factors threatening the survival and reproduction of amphibians and reptiles in the non-protected areas of the Yunling Mountains. In addition, the non-native amphibian and reptile species need to be further monitored in order to develop invasion control measures.

Conclusion: This study has documented the number of species of amphibians and reptiles in the Yunnan region of the Yunling Mountains identified population threats, and provided basic data for the protection of amphibian and reptile diversity in the area.

Key words: Yunling Mountains, biodiversity, amphibian, reptile, G-F index, elevation distribution

侯东敏, 辉洪, 张栋儒, 肖能文, 饶定齐 (2023) 云岭山脉云南地区两栖爬行类动物多样性. 生物多样性, 31, 22316. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2022316.

Dongmin Hou, Hong Hui, Dongru Zhang, Nengwen Xiao, Dingqi Rao (2023) Diversity of amphibians and reptiles in Yunnan region of the Yunling Mountains. Biodiversity Science, 31, 22316. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2022316.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2022316

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2023/V31/I2/22316

图/表 4

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原属 Previous genus	现属 Revised genus	原种 Previous species	现种 Revised species
两栖动物 Amphibians
无尾目 Anura
蛙属 Rana	臭蛙属 Odorrana	安氏臭蛙 R. addersonii	云南臭蛙 O. andersonii
角蟾属 Megophrys	布角蟾属 Boulenophrys	小角蟾 M. minor	小角蟾 B. minor
		宾川角蟾 M. binchuanensis	宾川角蟾 B. binchuanensis
		宽头短腿蟾 M. carinensis	平顶短腿蟾 B. platyparietus
蟾蜍属 Bufo	蟾蜍属 Bufo	西藏蟾蜍 B. tibetanus	中华蟾蜍 B. gargarizans
倭蛙属 Nanorana	倭蛙属 Nanorana	双团棘胸蛙 N. phrynoides	云南棘蛙 N. yunnanensis
爬行动物 Reptiles
蜥蜴亚目 Lacertilia
攀蜥属 Japalura	龙蜥属 Diploderma	云南攀蜥 J. yunnanensis	云南龙蜥 D. yunnanense
		玉龙攀蜥 J. yulongense	玉龙龙蜥 D. yulongense
		昆明攀蜥 J. varcoae	昆明龙蜥 D. varcoae
		翡翠攀蜥 J. iadinum	翡翠龙蜥 D. iadinum
		帆背攀蜥 J. vela	帆背龙蜥 D. vela
		短尾攀蜥 J. brevicaudum	短尾龙蜥 D. brevicauda
蜥虎属 Hemidactylus	蜥虎属 Hemidactylus	原尾蜥虎 H. bowringii	缅北蜥虎 H. aquilonius
壁虎属 Gekko	壁虎属 Gekko	多疣壁虎 G. japonicus	金江壁虎 G. jinjiangensis
			粗疣壁虎 G. scabridus
蛇亚目 Serpentes
锦蛇属 Elaphe	紫灰蛇属 Oreocryptophis	紫灰锦蛇 E. porphyraceus	紫灰锦蛇 O. porphyraceus
	树栖锦蛇属 Gonyosoma	灰腹绿锦蛇 E. frenatum	灰腹绿锦蛇 G. frenatum
乌梢蛇属 Zaocys	鼠蛇属 Ptyas	黑线乌梢蛇 Z. nigromarginatus	黑线乌梢蛇 P. nigromarginata
颈棱蛇属 Macropisthodon	颈棱蛇属 Pseudoagkistrodon	颈棱蛇 M. rudis	颈棱蛇 P. rudis
小头蛇属 Oligodon	方花蛇属 Archelaphe	方花小头蛇 O. bella	方花蛇 A. bella
腹链蛇属 Amphiesma	东亚腹链蛇属 Hebius	棕网腹链蛇 A. johannis	棕网腹链蛇 H. johannis
		黑带腹链蛇 A. bitaeniatus	黑带腹链蛇 H. bitaeniatum
		白眉腹链蛇 A. boulengeri	白眉腹链蛇 H. boulengeri
		八线腹链蛇 A. octolineatus	八线腹链蛇 H. octolineatum
链蛇属 Dinodon	白环蛇属 Lycodon	赤链蛇 D. rufozonatus	赤链蛇 L. rufozonatus
竹叶青属 Trimeresurus	绿蝮属 Viridovipera	云南竹叶青蛇 T. yunnanensis	云南竹叶青蛇 V. yunnanensis
颈槽蛇属 Rhabdophis	颈槽蛇属 Rhabdophis	红脖颈槽蛇 R. subminiatus	北方颈槽蛇 R. helleri
烙铁头蛇属 Ovophis	烙铁头蛇属 Ovophis	山烙铁头蛇 O. monticola	察隅烙铁头蛇 O. zayuensis

原属 Previous genus	现属 Revised genus	原种 Previous species	现种 Revised species
两栖动物 Amphibians
无尾目 Anura
蛙属 Rana	臭蛙属 Odorrana	安氏臭蛙 R. addersonii	云南臭蛙 O. andersonii
角蟾属 Megophrys	布角蟾属 Boulenophrys	小角蟾 M. minor	小角蟾 B. minor
		宾川角蟾 M. binchuanensis	宾川角蟾 B. binchuanensis
		宽头短腿蟾 M. carinensis	平顶短腿蟾 B. platyparietus
蟾蜍属 Bufo	蟾蜍属 Bufo	西藏蟾蜍 B. tibetanus	中华蟾蜍 B. gargarizans
倭蛙属 Nanorana	倭蛙属 Nanorana	双团棘胸蛙 N. phrynoides	云南棘蛙 N. yunnanensis
爬行动物 Reptiles
蜥蜴亚目 Lacertilia
攀蜥属 Japalura	龙蜥属 Diploderma	云南攀蜥 J. yunnanensis	云南龙蜥 D. yunnanense
		玉龙攀蜥 J. yulongense	玉龙龙蜥 D. yulongense
		昆明攀蜥 J. varcoae	昆明龙蜥 D. varcoae
		翡翠攀蜥 J. iadinum	翡翠龙蜥 D. iadinum
		帆背攀蜥 J. vela	帆背龙蜥 D. vela
		短尾攀蜥 J. brevicaudum	短尾龙蜥 D. brevicauda
蜥虎属 Hemidactylus	蜥虎属 Hemidactylus	原尾蜥虎 H. bowringii	缅北蜥虎 H. aquilonius
壁虎属 Gekko	壁虎属 Gekko	多疣壁虎 G. japonicus	金江壁虎 G. jinjiangensis
			粗疣壁虎 G. scabridus
蛇亚目 Serpentes
锦蛇属 Elaphe	紫灰蛇属 Oreocryptophis	紫灰锦蛇 E. porphyraceus	紫灰锦蛇 O. porphyraceus
	树栖锦蛇属 Gonyosoma	灰腹绿锦蛇 E. frenatum	灰腹绿锦蛇 G. frenatum
乌梢蛇属 Zaocys	鼠蛇属 Ptyas	黑线乌梢蛇 Z. nigromarginatus	黑线乌梢蛇 P. nigromarginata
颈棱蛇属 Macropisthodon	颈棱蛇属 Pseudoagkistrodon	颈棱蛇 M. rudis	颈棱蛇 P. rudis
小头蛇属 Oligodon	方花蛇属 Archelaphe	方花小头蛇 O. bella	方花蛇 A. bella
腹链蛇属 Amphiesma	东亚腹链蛇属 Hebius	棕网腹链蛇 A. johannis	棕网腹链蛇 H. johannis
		黑带腹链蛇 A. bitaeniatus	黑带腹链蛇 H. bitaeniatum
		白眉腹链蛇 A. boulengeri	白眉腹链蛇 H. boulengeri
		八线腹链蛇 A. octolineatus	八线腹链蛇 H. octolineatum
链蛇属 Dinodon	白环蛇属 Lycodon	赤链蛇 D. rufozonatus	赤链蛇 L. rufozonatus
竹叶青属 Trimeresurus	绿蝮属 Viridovipera	云南竹叶青蛇 T. yunnanensis	云南竹叶青蛇 V. yunnanensis
颈槽蛇属 Rhabdophis	颈槽蛇属 Rhabdophis	红脖颈槽蛇 R. subminiatus	北方颈槽蛇 R. helleri
烙铁头蛇属 Ovophis	烙铁头蛇属 Ovophis	山烙铁头蛇 O. monticola	察隅烙铁头蛇 O. zayuensis

分组 Groups	D_G	D_F	D_G/D_F	D_G-F
两栖动物 Amphibians	3.021	5.942	0.508	0.492
爬行动物 Reptiles	2.921	5.982	0.488	0.512

分组 Groups	D_G	D_F	D_G/D_F	D_G-F
两栖动物 Amphibians	3.021	5.942	0.508	0.492
爬行动物 Reptiles	2.921	5.982	0.488	0.512

云岭山脉云南地区两栖爬行类动物多样性

Diversity of amphibians and reptiles in Yunnan region of the Yunling Mountains

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