生物多样性 ›› 2022, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (5): 21396.  DOI: 10.17520/biods.2021396

• 研究报告: 动物多样性 • 上一篇    下一篇

广东省鸟类新记录及其与自然和社会经济因素的关联性

张敏1, 田春坡1,2, 车先丽1, 赵岩岩3, 陈什旺4, 周霞5, 邹发生1,*()   

  1. 1.广东省科学院动物研究所, 广东省动物保护与资源利用重点实验室, 广东省野生动物保护与利用公共实验室, 广州 510260
    2.陕西师范大学生命科学学院, 西安 710062
    3.广西科学院生态环境研究所, 南宁 530007
    4.珠海市观鸟协会, 广东珠海 519000
    5.广东省科学院广州地理研究所, 广东省遥感与地理信息系统应用重点实验室, 广州 510070
  • 收稿日期:2021-09-30 接受日期:2022-01-20 出版日期:2022-05-20 发布日期:2022-03-21
  • 通讯作者: 邹发生
  • 作者简介:* E-mail: zoufs@giz.gd.cn
  • 基金资助:
    广东省动物志编制项目(202115);广东省科学院建设国内一流研究机构行动专项资金(2019GDASYL-0203001);国家自然科学基金(32001098);广东省科技计划项目(2018B030324003);广东省国土空间生态修复规划(2021-2035);生物多样性专题

New bird records in Guangdong Province and their correlation with natural and social-economic factors

Min Zhang1, Chunpo Tian1,2, Xianli Che1, Yanyan Zhao3, Shiwang Chen4, Xia Zhou5, Fasheng Zou1,*()   

  1. 1 Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510260
    2 College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062
    3 Institute of Eco-Environmental Research, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning 530007
    4 Zhuhai Bird Watching Society, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000
    5 Key Lab of Guangdong for Utilization of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System, Guangzhou Institute of Geography, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070
  • Received:2021-09-30 Accepted:2022-01-20 Online:2022-05-20 Published:2022-03-21
  • Contact: Fasheng Zou

摘要:

物种多样性的保护必须以充分了解地区物种资源的分布状况为前提。科研监测是传统而有效的数据获取手段, 但研究地点大多集中在自然保护区。公众观鸟记录活动扩大了物种数据收集的时空范围, 是科研监测的有益补充, 但观鸟活动开展的范围和强度受经济水平的影响明显, 呈现空间上的不均匀性。为明确自然保护地分布格局和地区经济水平对鸟类物种多样性记录的影响, 本研究以广东省为例, 对比了公众观鸟和科研监测所记录的鸟类物种分布地区差异。结果表明: 从2016年至2020年, 公众观鸟为广东省贡献了17种鸟类新分布记录和10种再确认记录, 但有100种历史科研监测记录的鸟类种类未记录到。线性回归分析结果显示: 广东各市地区生产总值(GDP)对于公众观鸟记录的鸟类物种丰富度具有最高的解释率(校正R2 = 0.582), 而保护地面积则是科研监测记录的鸟类物种丰富度的主要解释因子。对于市级总体鸟类物种丰富度, GDP的解释率为保护地面积的4.2倍。研究结果反映了经济发展对公众观鸟活动的有力支撑, 促进了广东鸟类新记录的发现, 但也显示广东省目前的物种多样性地区分布信息存在一定偏差。建议根据各市经济发展水平和自然环境差异, 制定相应的物种多样性监测与保护措施, 并结合科研与公众力量各自的优势, 加强对物种多样性被低估地区的本底资源调查与监测。

关键词: 鸟类新记录, 地区生产总值, 自然保护地, 公民科学, 科研监测, 物种多样性

Abstract

Aims: The conservation of species diversity must be based on a full understanding of species distribution across different regions. Scientific monitoring is a traditional and effective way of data acquisition, but most studies are concentrated in nature reserves. Public birding records have expanded the spatio-temporal range of species data collection and is a useful supplement to scientific monitoring. However, the range and intensity of birding activities are affected by the economy, exhibiting spatial heterogeneity. In order to clarify the impact of conservation area distribution patterns and regional economic levels on bird species diversity records, this study utilized the Guangdong Province as a case study, and compared the regional differences of bird species distribution recorded by scientific monitoring and public birding.

Methods: We collected data of public birding records and scientific monitoring through literature review and birding record centers and used multiple linear regression analysis to calculate the relationship among species richness and economy and conservation area. We then analyzed the contribution of different parameters through hierarchical partitioning. Finally, cluster analysis was utilized to classify cities with similar trends in species richness, economic level and environmental conditions.

Results: The results indicated that from 2016 to 2020, public birding found 17 new distribution records and 10 reconfirmation records of bird species in Guangdong Province, but 100 bird species recorded by historical scientific monitoring did not appear in public records. The results of the linear regression analysis demonstrated that the regional gross domestic product (GDP) of Guangdong had the highest explanatory rate (adjusted R2 = 0.582) for the bird species richness recorded by public birding, and the area of nature reserves was the main explanatory factor for the bird species richness recorded by scientific monitoring. For overall species richness, the explanatory rate of GDP was 4.2 times that of the conservation area. The results reflected the strong support of economic development for public birding activities and facilitating new record discoveries in the Guangdong Province, but also indicated that there is a certain deviation in the regional distribution information of species diversity in the region.

Conclusion: It is recommended that appropriate species diversity protection measures should be formulated according to the differences in economic development level and natural environment in different cities, and that biodiversity investigation and monitoring should be strengthened in areas where species diversity is underestimated by combining the advantages of scientific research and citizen science.

Key words: new bird record, regional gross domestic product, protected natural areas, citizen science, scientific monitoring, species diversity